Ariko hari n’izindi nkuru zitazwi cyane, bitewe n’uko zitavuzwe bihagije, zitwereka uko Abanyarwanda batari mu bikorwa bya politiki cyangwa bya gisirikare bagize uruhare mu gukomeza ubuzima, kubungabunga icyizere no gutegura inzira yo kwiyubaka n’iterambere ry’igihugu.

Imwe muri izo nkuru ni iy’umupira w’amaguru wakinirwaga kuri Tapis Rouge i Nyamirambo mu mezi yakurikiye itangira ry’Urugamba rwo Kwibohora mu Kwakira 1990.

Mu gihe ubuzima hafi ya bwose bwahagaze, umupira w’amaguru wakomeje kuba urubuga rwo kudaheranwa n’ibibazo byari byugarije igihugu.

Kuri Tapis Rouge, ubuzima bwarakomeje hagati y’intambara, ubwoba n’ihohoterwa

Ku wa 1 Ukwakira 1990, RPF Inkotanyi n’Ingabo zayo za RPA (Rwandan Patriotic Army) batangije Urugamba rwo Kubohora u Rwanda. Mu minsi, ibyumweru n’amezi byakurikiyeho, intambara, ihohoterwa, ubwoba n’umutekano muke byahungabanyije ubuzima bwa buri munsi i Kigali no mu bindi bice by’igihugu.

Ibikorwa byahuzaga abantu benshi byarahagaritswe. Ingendo zijya mu ntara zaragabanyijwe, zikorwa gusa n’ababifitiye impushya zihariye. Imyidagaduro, umupira w’amaguru n’indi mikino na byo byarahagaritswe.

Nyamara, i Nyamirambo, ahazwi nka Tapis Rouge, ubuzima bwarakomeje binyuze mu mupira w’amaguru.

Nyuma y’ibyumweru bike gusa, nubwo hari amabwiriza yabuzaga ibikorwa byahuzaga abantu benshi, abakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru batangiye kongera guhurira kuri Tapis Rouge. Mu ntangiriro, byari imyitozo isanzwe yari igamije gukomeza kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza n’ubushobozi bw’abakinnyi bari basanzwe bakomeye muri icyo gihe.

Ariko buhoro buhoro, ibyari imyitozo gusa byahindutse ikintu kirenze gukina. Abakinnyi bakomeye bakomeje kwiyongera, hashyirwaho irushanwa ryahuzaga amakipe agera kuri ane. Bityo, Tapis Rouge iba hamwe mu hantu hake i Kigali abantu bashoboraga kongera guhurira hamwe ari benshi.

Umupira w’amaguru wabaye ubuhungiro bwo kurwanya ubwigunge no gukomeza kubaka icyizere mu Banyarwanda

Imyitozo yabaga nyuma ya Saa Sita yayoborwaga n’umutoza w’Umubiligi Franz Poelmans, wari usanzwe atoza ikipe ya Panthères Noirs, imwe mu makipe akomeye yari afitanye isano n’igisirikare mbere y’uko intambara itangira.

Nyuma, muri iyi myitozo haje kwiyongeraho n’abatoza b’Abanyarwanda Aloys Kanamugire na nyakwigendera Deo Kanamugire, bakomeje kugira uruhare mu kuyobora no guteza imbere iyi mikino.

Ubwo intambara yatangiraga, kimwe n’andi makipe menshi yari afitanye isano n’inzego za Leta cyangwa ibigo byigenga, Panthères Noirs yahagaritse ibikorwa byayo, bitewe n’uko abakinnyi bari abasirikare bagiye ku rugamba, mu gihe abari abasivili bo basigaye batagifite aho bahurira n’iyo kipe nk’uko byari bisanzwe.

Guhera mu ntangiriro za 1991, amazina menshi akomeye mu mupira w’amaguru w’u Rwanda yatangiye kugaragara muri iryo rushanwa ryaberaga kuri Tapis Rouge.

Amakipe nka Kiyovu Sports, yari ifite abakinnyi benshi bakomokaga cyangwa batuye mu Biryogo no muri Nyamirambo, na Rayon Sports yari ifite abakinnyi benshi batuye i Nyamirambo no mu nkengero zaho, byayoroheye kongera guhuriza hamwe abakinnyi bayo. Ayo makipe yombi yatangiye kongera kwitoza no gukina muri iryo rushanwa, afite abakinnyi bayo nk’uko byari bisanzwe mbere y’intambara.

Hari kandi ikipe yitwaga ‘Selection’, yari igizwe n’abakinnyi baturukaga mu makipe ibikorwa byayo byari byarahungabanyijwe cyane n’intambara, harimo Panthères Noirs, STIR FC, Magerwa FC, Mukungwa FC, Mukura VS n’andi. Muri abo bakinnyi harimo amazina akomeye nka Mudeyi Gustave, Mudeyi Nazaire, Said Luseya, Martin Rudasingwa wari uzwi ku izina rya Kunde, n’abandi benshi.

Nyuma haje no gushingwa indi kipe yari igizwe n’abakinnyi bakomeye batuye mu bindi bice bya Kigali, birimo Muhima, Gatsata na Gikondo. Na yo yatangiye kwitabira irushanwa ryaberaga kuri Tapis Rouge.

Uruhare rwihariye rw’irushanwa ryaberaga kuri Tapis Rouge mu buzima bw’abakinnyi

Nanjye nari umwe mu bakinaga mu ikipe ya Selection. Ibyo byaturutse ku kuba nari narahagaritswe, nyuma nza no kwirukanwa muri Rayon Sports, biturutse ku makimbirane yari yarakurikiye urugendo ikipe yari yarakoreye muri Congo-Brazzaville mu ntangiriro ya 1990. Ubwo Urugamba rwo Kubohora u Rwanda rwatangiraga, nta kipe nari mfite.

Gukinira Selection byampaye amahirwe yo gukomeza gukinana n’abakinnyi bakomeye bo muri icyo gihe kandi byamfashije no gukomeza kugaragaza ubushobozi bwanjye, maze nyuma nongera kubona amahirwe yo gusubira muri Rayon Sports, igihe ibikorwa by’umupira w’amaguru byasubukurwaga ku mugaragaro mu mpera ya 1991, nyuma y’igihe gito nari maze mu ikipe ya STIR FC yari yarongeye gutangira ibikorwa byayo.

Ibyari byatangiye nk’imyitozo idasanzwe, yakorwaga mu gihe ibikorwa bya siporo byari byarahagaritswe, gahoro gahoro byagiye bihinduka ihuriro ry’abantu birenga gukina umupira gusa. Imyitozo yaje kuvamo irushanwa rikomeye, ryitabiriwe n’abakinnyi bakomeye ndetse rikundwa n’abakunzi b’umupira w’amaguru benshi.

Tapis Rouge yabaye hamwe mu hantu hake i Kigali, ndetse birashoboka ko yari hamwe mu hantu honyine mu Rwanda, abantu bashoboraga kongera guhurira hamwe ku mugaragaro ari benshi muri ayo mezi yakurikiye itangira ry’Urugamba rwo Kwibohora.

Ibi byose byabaga mu gihe igihugu cyari mu ntambara, igitugu n’ubwoba byugarije abaturage.

Umupira w’amaguru mu bihe by’igitugu, iterabwoba n’icyizere gike mu Banyarwanda

Muri ibyo bihe bikomeye, ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana bwakoresheje ibikorwa bitandukanye mu gukangurira abaturage gushyigikira intambara bwari burimo kurwana na RPF Inkotanyi.

Kimwe muri byo ni igikorwa cyiswe umuhango wo gushyingura Gen Maj Fred Rwigema, wari Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ingabo za RPF/RPA, waguye ku Rugamba rwo Kubohora u Rwanda mu minsi ya mbere.

Uwo muhango wakoreshejwe mu rwego rwa poropagande ya politiki, hagamijwe guharabika RPF no gukangurira abaturage kuyirwanya. Abaturage bashishikarijwe kuwitabira, ndetse bamwe bahatirwa kugira uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa.

Abantu, barimo n’abana, basabwe kwikorera ibiti, imitumba y’insina n’ibindi bintu byagereranywaga n’umurambo wa Rwigema, maze bakora urugendo rurerure baririmba, basakuza kandi bavuga amagambo asesereza yari agamije gutesha agaciro no guharabika RPF n’abakekwagaho kuyishyigikira.

Mu minsi yakurikiyeho, abaturage bajyanwaga ahantu nka Mont Kigali n’ahandi, harimo imisozi n’ibishanga byo mu nkengero za Kigali, bagategekwa gutema ibiti n’ibihuru bavuga ko ari uburyo bwo gushakisha no kuvumbura inyenzi cyangwa ibyitso bya RPF bashoboraga kuba bihishe muri ibyo bihuru.

Ibi bikorwa by’iterabwoba no guhohotera abantu byatangiye nyuma y’igitero cyahimbwe cyo mu ijoro ryo ku wa 4 rishyira uwa 5 Ukwakira 1990 i Kigali, cyagizwemo uruhare n’abasirikare b’ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana. Icyo gitero cyahimbwe n’amakuru yagikurikiye byakoreshejwe nk’impamvu yo gufata abantu benshi, cyane cyane Abatutsi bashinjwaga kuba ibyitso bya RPF.

Abatutsi ibihumbi bafashwe bashinjwa kuba ibyitso bya RPF. Benshi muri bo bajyanywe kuri StadeRégional i Nyamirambo, bafungirwayo mu gihe cy’iminsi, mu buzima bubi cyane, bakorerwa iyicarubozo; bamwe muri bo bahasiga ubuzima, abandi nyuma bajyanwa muri za gereza zitandukanye.

Nyamara, nubwo igihugu cyari mu bihe nk’ibyo, nyuma gato y’ibi bikorwa abantu bakomeje guhurira kuri Tapis Rouge.

Bakajya gukina, bakajya kureba imikino, bakajya guhura n’inshuti. Bajyagayo kugira ngo, nibura muri icyo gihe gito, bumve ko ubuzima bushobora kongera kugira isura isanzwe.

Irushanwa ryo kuri Tapis Rouge ryaje gukundwa cyane ku buryo ubuyobozi bwaje kwemera ko umukino wa nyuma waryo ukinirwa kuri Stade Régional i Nyamirambo, ari yo Kigali Pelé Stadium y’ubu.

Imikino y’umupira w’amaguru, yatangiye ifatwa nk’igikorwa gisanzwe, yaje kuba ikimenyetso cy’ubudaheranwa, ubusabane n’icyizere cy’uko ubuzima bushobora gukomeza nubwo igihugu cyari mu bihe bikomeye.

Nyuma y’uwo mukino wa nyuma, ubuyobozi bwafashe izindi ngamba zo kongera gufungura ibikorwa bya siporo n’imyidagaduro ku mugaragaro.

Hagati mu 1991, FERWAFA yateguye irushanwa ry’umupira w’amaguru ryari rigamije guteza imbere amahoro n’ubwumvikane, maze mu mpera z’uwo mwaka shampiyona y’igihugu irasubukurwa.

Siporo nk’ikiraro cyo kongera guhuza Abanyarwanda

Inkuru y’amateka y’irushanwa ry’umupira w’amaguru ryabereye kuri Tapis Rouge si yo yonyine igaragaza uruhare rudasanzwe siporo yagize mu bihe bikomeye u Rwanda rwanyuzemo.

Hari n’izindi nkuru z’amateka y’imikino mu Rwanda zigaragaza imbaraga siporo ishobora kugira mu guhuza abantu bari baratandukanyijwe n’amacakubiri, umutekano muke, urwikekwe n’ibibazo bya politiki.

Muri izo nkuru harimo umukino wa mbere wahuje Rayon Sports na Kiyovu Sport nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Uwo mukino wabaye nyuma y’amezi abiri gusa Jenoside ihagaritswe wari ufite igisobanuro kirenze ibyabereye mu kibuga, kuko wagaragazaga intangiriro y’urugendo rutoroshye rwo kongera kubaka igihugu nyuma y’akaga gakomeye cyari kimaze kunyuramo mu minsi 100 ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Hari kandi inkuru idasanzwe y’urubyiruko rw’ishyaka rya PSD rwari rugize amakipe y’umupira w’amaguru n’umukino wa volleyball, rwagiye ku cyicaro gikuru cya RPF ku Mulindi gukina imikino ya gicuti n’amakipe yari agizwe n’Ingabo za RPA mu 1993, mu gihe cya gahenge k’imishyikirano y’amahoro ya Arusha.

Aya mateka atwereka ko iyo mikino itari amarushanwa cyangwa kwidagadura gusa. Yari n’ibihe byatumaga abantu bari baratandukanyijwe n’intambara, imyumvire ya politiki inyuranye n’amateka batangira kongera guhura binyuze muri siporo.

Siporo yabaye kimwe mu bikoresho byafashije Abanyarwanda gukomeza kubana, kongera kubaka icyizere no guharanira icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’igihugu.

Guhera ku bakinnyi bakomeje guhura no gukina kuri Tapis Rouge mu 1990–1991, kugeza ku rubyiruko rwa PSD rwagiye ku Mulindi gukina umupira w’amaguru na Volleyball n’Ingabo za RPA mu 1993, ndetse no ku mukino wahuje Rayon Sports na Kiyovu Sports nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Nzeli 1994, izi nkuru zose zitwibutsa ko siporo ishobora kurenga amarushanwa n’imyidagaduro, ikaba ikiraro gihuza abantu n’impamvu ituma ubuzima bushobora gukomeza mu bihe bikomeye.

Aya mateka akomeza kugaragaza uruhare rw’umupira w’amaguru mu rugendo rwo kongera kubaka u Rwanda. Mu 2003, Ikipe y’Igihugu y’u Rwanda, Amavubi, yageze ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka yayo mu mikino ya nyuma y’Igikombe cya Afurika cy’ibihugu (CAN), ibona itike yo kwitabira irushanwa ryabereye muri Tunisia mu 2004.

Ku gihugu cyari kikiri mu rugendo rwo kwiyubaka nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, iyo ntsinzi yari irenze kuba intsinzi ya siporo – yabaye ikimenyetso cy’impinduka z’icyerekezo u Rwanda rwarimo. Yatanze ishema rusange, yongera icyizere n’imbaraga zo kwizera ko u Rwanda rushya rushobora kugera ku byo rwiyemeje.

Mu gice cyiswe Redemption cya filime mbarankuru This Is Football, Perezida Paul Kagame yagarutse ku kamaro k'iyo ntsinzi, agaragaza ko yari ikintu gikomeye cyagize uruhare mu rugendo rwo kongera guhuza Abanyarwanda no kubaka igihugu.

Yagize ati “Sinshaka kumvikana nk’umuntu urimo gukabya, ariko ibyo ikipe yacu yabashije gukora kiriya gihe byongereye byinshi mu kubaka icyizere ku byo twarimo tugerageza gukora, mu rugendo rwo kongera kubaka igihugu no guhuza Abanyarwanda.”

Ibi bigaragaza ko siporo ishobora gufasha abantu kureba ibirenze amacakubiri ya politiki, bakongera guhuzwa n’icyo bahuriyeho kandi bakunda, bityo bakabona uburyo bwo gusangira inshingano n’icyerekezo cyo kubaka igihugu.

Nyuma y’imyaka irenga makumyabiri, hongeye kubaho ikindi gikorwa cya siporo gishimangira indi ntambwe nshya mu rugendo rwo gukomeza kubaka u Rwanda binyuze muri siporo.

Ku wa 13 Ukwakira 2026, u Rwanda rwatangaje amasezerano rwagiranye na Formula 1 n’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Imikino y’Imodoka, FIA, agamije gutangiza isiganwa rya Formula 1 rya Afurika mu Rwanda. Biteganyijwe ko iri siganwa rizashyirwa ku ngengabihe ya Shampiyona y’Isi ya Formula 1 mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 2030, nyuma yo kubaka ikibuga cyihariye cy’iri siganwa mu Karere ka Bugesera.

Iyi ni intego ikomeye y’umushinga w’indashyikirwa uzafasha u Rwanda kuba mu ruhando rw’ibihugu byakira amarushanwa akomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga – igikorwa gishimangira intambwe ikomeye mu rugendo rwo gukoresha siporo mu guteza imbere igihugu no kugihuza n’isi muri rusange.

Kuva ku bakinnyi bahuriraga kuri Tapis Rouge mu gihe ibikorwa byinshi by’ubuzima byari byarahagaze, kugeza ku Mavubi yitabiriye CAN ya 2004, ndetse no ku cyerekezo cyo kwakira isiganwa rya Formula 1, izi nkuru zigaragaza uko uruhare rwa siporo mu Rwanda rwagiye ruhinduka rujyana n’impinduka igihugu cyanyuzemo. Nubwo izi ntambwe zitandukanye mu bunini no mu miterere, zose zigaragaza umwanya siporo ifite mu mateka y’igihugu n’akamaro kayo mu buzima rusange bw’Abanyarwanda.

Siporo yabaye kimwe mu bikoresho byagize uruhare mu rugendo rw’u Rwanda rwo kwiyubaka, kwiyunga, kongera icyizere no kubaka iterambere rirambye.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe kandi bigoye, siporo ishobora kuba urubuga ruhuza abantu, rukabaha amahirwe yo kongera kubaka icyizere, kugarura umwuka w’ubusabane no kongera kwiyumvamo ubunyarwanda kurusha ibindi byose byabatandukanyaga. Ishobora kandi gutera imbaraga urubyiruko, gukomeza ishema ry’igihugu no guhuza u Rwanda n’isi.

Isomo ry’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa

Kuvuga no gusangiza abakiri bato izi nkuru muri uku kwezi kwahariwe kuzirikana ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa ni umusanzu ukomeye mu kurushaho gusigasira amateka yacu.

Ubutwari n’ubwitange ku gihugu ntibigaragarira gusa ku rugamba cyangwa mu mateka ya politiki, ahubwo binagaragarira no mu buryo Abanyarwanda bakomeje kurinda ubumwe bwabo, ibyiringiro byabo n’ubusabane bwabo mu bihe bikomeye, bakoresheje inzira zitandukanye.

Umupira w’amaguru na siporo muri rusange byabaye imwe muri izo nzira.

Mu mezi agoranye yakurikiye itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990, abakinnyi bakomeje gukina. Urukundo bakundaga umupira rwakomeje guhuza abantu. Imyitozo n’imikino byatanze urubuga rwo guhura no gusabana. Kuba abantu barakomeje gukunda umupira w’amaguru byagaragaje ko siporo ishobora gufasha sosiyete kongera kwiyubakamo icyizere cyo kubaho no gukomeza gutera imbere.

Isomo dukura muri izi nkuru ni uko umupira w’amaguru ushobora kugira uruhare mu mateka atari ukubera gusa ibitego byatsinzwe mu kibuga cyangwa abakinnyi bakomeye, ahubwo kubera ko ushobora guhuza abantu mu bihe bidasanzwe kandi bikomeye, ukabafasha gukomeza kugira icyizere n’icyerekezo bahuriyeho.

Muri uku kwezi k’Ubutwari n’Ubudaheranwa, inkuru ya Tapis Rouge n’izindi nkuru z’imikino yabaye mu bihe bikomeye u Rwanda rwanyuzemo zitwibutsa ko siporo itari imyidagaduro gusa ko ahubwo mu bihe bitandukanye, yabaye kimwe mu bikoresho byafashije Abanyarwanda guhangana n’amacakubiri, kongera kubaka icyizere no gutera intambwe mu rugendo rwo kwiyubaka no kwiyunga.

Inkuru nkizi ntabwo ari inkuru z’amateka y’umupira w’amaguru na siporo mu Rwanda gusa. Ni inkuru z’amateka y’u Rwanda.

Murangwa Eric Eugène ni umunyabigwi w’umupira w’amaguru wabaye umunyezamu wa Rayon Sports n’Ikipe y’Igihugu ’Amavubi’. Uyu munsi ayobora Ishyirahamwe ry’abakiniye Ikipe y’Igihugu n’abakinnye mu Cyiciro cya Mbere [FAPA].