Itegeko ngenga ryo muri 2010 rigenga amatora mu Rwanda mu ngingo yaryo ya 2, igika cya 8, risobanura Referendum nk’ ”itora rikorwa n’abaturage bose basabwa kwemera cyangwa guhakana icyifuzo cyatanzwe n’Ubutegetsi Nyubahirizategeko bisabwe na Perezida wa Repubulika”.

Perezida wa Repubulika ni we wenyine ufite ububasha bwo gukoresha referendumu mu bihe biteganywa n’Itegeko Nshinga gusa.

Prezida wa Repubulika akoresha referendumu abisabwe na Guverinoma kandi amaze guhabwa inama n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga (Ingingo ya 109 y’Itegeko Nshinga).

Referendum ikorwa ryari ?

Prezida wa Repubulika ashobora gukoresha Referendumu ku bibazo birebana n’inyungu rusange z’igihugu, ku mushinga w’itegeko risanzwe (bill of ordinary law), ku mushinga w’itegeko ngenga (bill of organic law) cyangwa ku mushinga wo gushyira umukono ku masezerano mpuzamahanga atanyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga ariko afite ingaruka ku mikorere y’inzego za Leta.

Usibye ibyo bihe tumaze kuvuga bishobora gukorwamo Referendumu, hari n’ibihe byihariye byanze bikunze igomba gukorwamo.

Ibyo bihe ni nk’ivugururwa ry’Itegeko Nshinga mu ngingo zirebana na manda ya Perezida wa Repubulika, izirebana n’ubutegetsi bwa demokarasi ishingiye ku bitekerezo binyuranye (political pluralism), izirebana n’ ubwoko bw'ubutegetsi (constitutional regime) ndetse n’izirebana n'ubusugire bw'igihugu (national sovereignty).

Ivugurura ry’izo ngingo z’ Itegeko Nshinga, rigomba kubanza gutorwa n’imitwe yombi y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ku bwiganze bwa bitatu bya kane (3/4) by'amajwi y'abagize buri mutwe w'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko.

Uko itora rya Referendumu rigenda

Itegeko rishya rivuguruye rigenga amatora rya 2015 riteganya ko mbere y’uko Referendumu ikorwa, Perezida wa Repubulika agena umunsi w’itora akanavuga icyo Referendumu igamije abinyujije mu iteka rya Perezida (Presidential Order).

Referendumu ikorwa nk’uko andi matora yose akorwa kandi amajwi asabwa ngo igitorerwa cyemezwe ni ubwiganze burunduye bw’amajwi (absolute majority) bungana nibura na 51% cyangwa burenzeho.

Ni ukuvuga ko niba abatoye YEGO bangana cyangwa barenze 51%, igitorerwa kiba cyemejwe bidasubirwaho.

Komisiyo y'Igihugu y’Amatora ni yo itangaza by’agateganyo na burundu ibyavuye mu itora rya referandumu.

Gutangaza by’agateganyo ibyavuye mu itora rya referandumu bikorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu (5) itora rirangiye naho gutangaza burundu ibyavuye mu itora rya referandumu bikorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi irindwi (7) nyuma yo gutangaza by’agateganyo ibyavuye mu itora.

Mu gihe habaye impaka, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ni rwo rugaragaza ku buryo budasubirwaho ibyavuye mu itora rya referandumu.

Gukora Referandumu si bishya mu Rwanda

Referendumu iheruka kuba mu Rwanda ni iyabaye tariki ya 26 Gisurasi 2003 ubwo hatorwaga Itegeko Nshinga u Rwanda rugenderaho kugeza ubu.

Icyo gihe mu baturage bari bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora, 93,4% batoye YEGO, naho 6,5% batora OYA.

Izindi Referendumu zabaye mu Rwanda twavugamo nk’iyo ku itariki ya 17 Ukuboza 1978 ikaba yaraje ikurikira « Coup d’Etat » yakozwe n’uwahoze ari Perezida w’u Rwanda Juvenal Habyarimana muri 1973. Icyo gihe na bwo Referendumu yari igamije kwemeza Itegeko Nshinga rishya.

Indi Referendum yabaye ari nayo ya mbere mu mateka y’u Rwanda ni iyo ku itariki ya 25 Nzeli 1961 yari igamije kubaza Abanyarwanda niba bashaka kuva mu butegetsi bwa cyami bakajya mu butegetsi bwa Repubulika.

Twanzura…

Dusoza iyi nkuru ni ngombwa ko twibukiranya ko Referendumu ari imwe mu nzira za Demokarasi zo guha abaturage urubuga ngo bihitiremo icyerekezo n’ejo hazaza h’igihugu cyabo.

Ntawe ugomba guhitiramo Abanyarwanda uko bayoborwa. Referendumu ni ikimenyetso ntakuka cy’uko ubutegetsi ari ubw’abaturage, butangwa n’abaturage kandi bukorera abaturage (Government of the People, for the People and by the People).

Byakusanyijwe na Maurice Munyentwali

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