Ikibazo cy’inyungu ku nguzanyo ni kimwe mu bihangayishije ndetse benshi bagaragaza ko gikoma mu nkokora iterambere ry’abaturage kuko bamwe bazibona zibahenze bakananirwa kuzishyura, ugasanga imitungo yabo ibigendeyemo.

Muri Banki zose z’ubucuruzi, nk’inyungu ku nguzanyo yo kubaka iri hagati ya 14% na 18,5% ndetse hamwe na hamwe ishobora kugera kuri 19%. Inyungu ku nguzanyo umuntu ashobora gufata ku mpamvu bwite, Consumer loans, ishobora kugera kuri 24,15% muri banki zimwe na zimwe. Inyungu ku nguzanyo z’ubucuruzi zishobora ziri hagati ya 12% na 19%.

Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Prudence Sebahizi, ubwo yari yitabiriye igikorwa cya Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu cyo kugaragaza imiterere y’urwego rw’imari na politiki y’ifaranga, yagarutse ku kibazo cy’inyungu ku nguzanyo.

Ati “ Ikiguzi cy’amafaranga mu Rwanda, nubwo urwego rw’imari ruhagaze neza kandi rutajegajega, turacyabona ugutaka kw’abantu bo mu rwego rw’abikorera, bagaragaza ko ikiguzi cy’inguzanyo kibagiraho ingaruka, ntabwo kibemerera gushora ngo babone inyungu.”

Yavuze ko nubwo bimeze bityo inzego zitanga serivisi z’imari ziri kwiyongera kandi zibona inyungu nini. Ati “Ni gute twakemura icyo kibazo cyo kutagerwaho n’amafaranga mu nzego z’ubukungu nk’ubuhinzi.”

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, Soraya Hakuziyaremye, yavuze ko iki kibazo gihari, ko “inyungu ku nguzanyo zigaragara nk’aho ziri hejuru”. Yavuze ko uburyo bwiza bwo kugikemura ari ukubanza kureba inkomoko y’amafaranga banki n’ibigo by’imari bikoresha.

Yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rugifite ikibazo cy’ubwizigame aho igipimo cyabwo kikiri hasi, atanga urugero nko ku gipimo cy’amafaranga abitswa cyari kuri 10,3% kizamuka mu myaka itanu ishize kigera kuri 17,3% mu 2015, ariko kiza kumanukaho gato kigera ubu kuri 16%.

Ati “ Mu by’ukuri ntabwo twakemura ikibazo tureba gusa kuri banki, dukwiriye no kureba uburyo twazamura isoko ryacu ry’imari ku buryo tuba dufite ahantu hatandukanye hava amafaranga by’igihe kirekire binyuze mu isoko ry’imari n’imigabane aho kuba muri banki.”

Banki zihariye 67% by’urwego rwose rw’imari mu Rwanda, ibigo bya pansiyo bifite 15,9%, urwego rw’ubwishingizi rufite 8,9% mu gihe urwego rw’ibigo by’imari biciriritse rufite 6,9%.

Ibindi bigo by’imari birimo ibitanga serivisi zo kuvunja n’ibindi bitanga inguzanyo bidafata ubwizigamire bw’abantu bifite 1,8%.

Umutungo w’urwego rw’imari rwose wari miliyari ibihumbi 13 Frw mu 2024 uvuye kuri miliyari ibihumbi 11 Frw mu 2023.

Inguzanyo nshya zatanzwe mu 2024 ziyongeyeho 16,3%. Inyinshi zatanzwe mu bwubatsi.

Ibigenderwaho hashyirwaho inyungu ku nguzanyo

Icya mbere ni ikiranguzo, banki cyangwa ikigo cy’imari amafaranga gikoresha kiba cyayakuye ahandi. Nka banki hari igiciro yishyura ku bayibitsamo cyangwa se ubwizigame bwabo.

Hari abashobora guca nka 8%, 7% cyangwa se 10%. Ayo ni ikiranguzo kandi ikigo cy’imari gishobora kuguza mu kindi ndetse hari n’amafaranga y’abashoramari na bo baba bagamije inyungu.

Icya kabiri ni “Operating cost”, ni ukuvuga ibyo ikigo gikoresha gicuruza. Urugero ni nko guhemba abakozi, hari abakozi bagomba kwita ku bakiliya ariko hari n’ikoranabuhanga bakoresha, bashobora kuba bishyura inzu n’ibindi bitandukanye bikoreshwa kugira ngo akazi gakorwe.

Icya gatatu ni uko mu mitangire ya serivisi habamo ibihombo bishobora kubamo biturutse ku mpamvu zitandukanye. Urugero niba utanga inguzanyo hari abashobora kutishyura. Icyo gihombo kibarirwa mu nyungu icibwa umukiliya.

Icya kane ni igipimo cy’inyungu icyo kigo gishaka gukoreraho. Ni inyungu kiba gishaka kugira ngo gikure muri iyo nguzanyo.

Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, Prudence Sebahizi, yasabye ko ikibazo cy'inyungu ku nguzanyo cyakwigwaho