Umunsi nk’uyu Abanyafurika bose aho bari ku Isi, basubiza amaso inyuma bakibuka kandi bagaha agaciro intwari zababohoye ingoyi y’igitugu, uburetwa n’ubukoloni biyambuye ba gashakabuhake bo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi.

Ni umunsi usanze Afurika ikizitiwe n’ibibazo by’ubuhahirane kubera imipaka y’ibihugu biyigize, ubukene bwinshi mu baturage bayo n’ibikorwaremezo nkene bituma ihora ku myanya yose hasi mu ntonde nyinshi z’iterambere.

Kuri uyu munsi, IGIHE yaganiriye na Ambasaderi mushya wa Kenya mu Rwanda, Janet Mwawasi Oben, agaruka ku cyo uyu munsi uvuze ku Banyafurika n’uburyo bwo kwigobotora ibibazo byose byugarije Umugabane.

IGIHE: Mu gihe Afurika yizihiza umunsi wo Kwibohora kwayo, ni ibiki ikwiriye kuba yishimira nyuma y’imyaka 60 yigobotoye ubukoloni?

Tariki 25 Gicurasi ni umunsi udasanzwe kuri Afurika kuko nibwo hashinzwe Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika. Dufite byinshi byo kwishimira nubwo hakiri ingorane.

Kuva uyu munsi wajyaho, Afurika yateye imbere, irenga ibisigisigi by’ubukoloni dore ko umwaka wa 1963 ari bwo ibihugu byinshi byabonye ubwigenge. Iyo rero turebye iterambere Afurika yagezeho kuva icyo gihe, twavuga ko hari ibyagezweho nk’Isoko rusange rya Afurika ryemerera ibihugu bya Afurika guhahirana nta rutangira. Nubwo bitaragerwaho mu buryo bwuzuye, hari ibimaze gukorwa.

Dufite ikigo nyafurika cyita ku buvuzi (Africa CDC), cyakoze akazi gakomeye cyane cyane mu gihe cya Covid-19, ibihugu binyamuryango bishakira hamwe ibisubizo ku bibazo byari byugarije abantu.

Twagiye tubona abagore benshi bahabwa umwanya mu nzego z’ubukungu n’izifata ibyemezo, bitandukanye na mbere.

Hari ibyakozwe mu bijyanye n’ibikorwaremezo nk’imihanda no kugeza amazi ku bantu benshi. Mu burezi, twavuye ku burezi bushingiye gusa ku madini, twinjira ku burezi bugamije iterambere nubwo hakiri ibyo gukora.

IGIHE: Nubwo Afurika yabonye ubwigenge, niwo Mugabane ukennye kurusha iyindi nyamara ufite umutungo kamere utagira ingano. Bipfira he?

Amateka atugaragariza ko Afurika yakoronijwe nabi, umutungo kamere wayo wigabizwa n’ibihugu bikomeye ku buryo Afurika yo nta nyungu yabikuyemo. N’ubu nyuma y’ubwigenge wa mutungo kamere turacyawufite, nubwo wagabanyutse. Ikibazo ni uko usanga ibihugu bifite uwo mutungo kamere ari wo byishingikiriza gusa, bigasubiza inyuma izindi nzego nk’ibikorwa remezo n’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.

Imiyoborere mibi, ruswa n’inzego zikora nabi nibyo bizitira iterambere nyaryo rya Afurika. Turacyafite ibikorwaremezo bike, imihanda mibi kimwe n’inzira za gariyamoshi, ingendo z’indege, urwego rw’ingufu n’ibindi bitameze neza.

Hari kandi ibibazo bya politiki, amatora atavugwaho rumwe, amakimbirane ashingiye ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro n’intambara byose bizitira iterambere. Inzego zacu z’uburezi zikeneye amavugurura kimwe n’urwego rw’ubuzima rukirimo ibibazo.

Kuri ubu Afurika ihangayikishijwe n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe kuko iri kugira ingaruka ku bihugu byinshi. Urugero nko mu minsi ishize, Kenya yibasiwe n’imyuzure, ibice by’Amajyepfo ya Afurika byugarijwe n’amapfa ndetse n’inzara, ibyo byose bibangamira iterambere rya Afurika nubwo ifite wa mutungo kamere.

Ubona ari izihe ngamba zikenewe kugira ngo Afurika igere ku bwigenge mu bukungu na politiki?

Dukwiriye kwifashisha ibisubizo gakondo Abanyafurika bajyaga bifashisha bakemura ibibazo byabo mu kwiteza imbere. Icya mbere ni ukubaka inganda zo kwitunganyiriza umutungo kamere wayo.

Hakenewe kandi abakozi bafite ubumenyi bwabasha guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Hakenewe ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi kugira ngo Afurika yihaze mu biribwa.

Dukwiriye no gushyira hamwe kugira ngo dushyireho politiki ihuriweho yo guteza imbere ubukungu n’ubucuruzi.

Ikindi ni amahoro n’umutekano kuko hari ibihugu bikirimo imvururu, dukeneye gushyiraho uburyo bwo kubikemura.

Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka isaba Afurika kubaka uburezi bugezweho. Ni hehe ubona uyu mugabane ukwiriye kongera imbaraga mu burezi?

Dukeneye kwibanda kuri siyasi, ikoranabuhanga n’imibare. Hari amashuri menshi yatangiye kubishyira mu bikorwa, asiga inyuma ya myigishirize ishingiye ku idini, bajya mu burezi bushingiye ku guhanga udushya n’ikoranabuhanga.

Nituramuka twibanze kuri ibi, tuzaba turi kubaka abakozi bafite ubushobozi bwo kubaka Afurika no guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Ambasaderi Janet Mwawasi Oben yagaragaje ko hari byinshi Afurika yagezeho mu myaka 60 ishize