Byakunze kuvugwa ko umwuga w’itangazamakuru urimo ruswa mu buryo bugaragara ariko butavugwa cyane. Kuva muri 2003 hatangira itangazamakuru ryigenga ryiganjemo radiyo, itangazamakuru ryakomeje gukura umunsi ku munsi, ariko bamwe barikemangamo ruswa.
TI-R yakoze ubushakshati buva imuzi icyo kibazo maze igaragaza uko ihagaze mu itangazamakuru yaba iryandika rigasohora impapuro, iryandika kuri internet, irikoresha amajwi, n’irikoresha amashusho.
Imitekerereze y’abantu kuri ruswa mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda
Kuri iyi ngingo TI-R yavuganye n’inzego ebyiri; abakora itangazamakuru n’abagenerwabikorwa baryo.
Mu bakora itangazamakuru 388 babajijwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi, bose bavuze ko itangazamakuru ririmo ruswa. Abandi bagenerwabikorwa cyangwa abakorana n’itangazamakuru babajijwe 1093 nabo bose (100%) bemeje ko mu itangamakuru mu Rwanda hari ruswa.
Umwe mu banyamakuru babajijwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi yagize ati “Nkurikije igisobanuro n’ubwoko bwa ruswa, irahari mu itangazamakuru ryacu” (Urupapuro rwa 25 rw’igitabo cy’ubushakshatsi.)
Ni iyihe ruswa igaragara mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda?
Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaraza ko abakora itangazamakuru ubwabo bemeza ko ruswa y’amafaranga (66%) ariyo yiganza cyane mu mwuga wabo, igakurikirwa n’icyenewabo (60 ikimenyane (54%), ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina (43%) no guhabwa impano (39%) .
Abakorana n’itangazamakuru biswe abafatanyabikorwa b’itangazamakuru, bemeje ko ruswa y’amafaranga ari yoyamunze itangazamakuru (72%) igakurikirwa n’icyenewabo (61%) ruswa ishingiye ku gitsina (49%) ikimenyane (48%), no guhabwa impano (35%).
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje bidasubirwaho ko ibyajya bivugwa mu matamatama ko itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda ryamunzwe na ruswa, bifite ishingiro.
Umwe mu banyamakuru yabwiye abakoze ubu bushakashatsi ati “Ruswa igaragara no mu bayobozi b’ibitangazamakuru, igihe bari gutanga akazi n’ibindi; urugero hari inshuti yange yambwiye ko mbere yo kugushakira akazi mu gitangazamakuru cya hano mu Rwanda, ugomba kubanza kumwemerera ko uzamuha amafaranga runaka, igihe uzaba uhawe akazi. Wenda nibaguhemba nka 800,000 nawe ugomba kuzamuha 200,000.
Ibice byibasiwe na ruswa mu Itangazamakuru
Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko igice kiza ku isonga muri ruswa mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda ari ugushaka no guhabwa amatangazo yamamaza (Advert)
Ku bantu batabizi, burya ibitangazamakuru hafi ya byose mu Rwanda bitunzwe no kwamamaza (Advert)
Iki cyiciro cyamunzwe na ruswa ku kigero cya 45% ushingiye ku buhamya bw’abakora itangazamakuru ubwabo, naho washingira ku buhamya bw’abakorana n’itangazamakuru ugasanga ko ruswa muri iki cyiciro iri ku kigero cya 34%.
Akenshi iyo ibigo bikomeye bigiye kuguha kontaro yo kubyamamaza, bigusaba ko nta kintu na kimwe uzabavugaho kibi.
Ni bande baha ruswa itangazamakuru?
Ubu bushakashatsi bwanacukumbuye inkomoko ya ruswa ivugwa mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda maze busanga inzego z’abikorera (Private Sector) ari zo ziha itangazamakuru ruswa nyinshi, hakurikiraho inzego z’ubutegeti bwo hejuru muri Leta hagakurikiraho inzego z’ibanze.
Yaba ari abakora itangazamakuru n’abagenerwabikorwa baryo banavuze n’imiryango ya Sosiyete Sivile itanga ruswa mu itangazamakuru.
Umwe mu babajijwe yagize ati “hari abanyamakuru bahabwa ruswa n’abayobozi b’uturere, yaba ari gukora inkuru, akibagirwa amahame y’umwuga. Hari n’igihe abanyamakuru bahanahana amazina ya ba meya bakunze gutanga za ruswa.”
Ubu bushakshatsi bugaragaza ko ibitangazamakuru by’ubucuruzi cyangwa by’abantu ku giti cyabo, ari byo bibonekamo ruswa (73%) cyane kurusha ibitangazamakuru bya Leta 24%”
Ikindi ubu bushakashatsi bugarukaho, ni ukugaragaraza ko ibinyamakuru bisohoka ku mpapuro (Print media) aribyo birya ruswa cyane, hagakurikiraho amaradiyo hakaza n’ibinyamakuru byandika kuri internet.
Amafaranga atangwa cyangwa akakirwa nka ruswa mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda ari hagati ya 5000, na 1,500,000 frw.
Abatanga iyo ruswa bayiha itangazamakuru basobanuye ko impamvu batanga iyo ruswa ari ukugira ngo inkuru zabo zitambutswe mu bitangazamakuru, kwigura ngo hatagira ugusebya, kubona akazi…
Abahanzi bo banagaragaje ko nta muhanzi ushobora kuzamuka adatanze ruswa ku banyamakuru aribyo bita (kuguha hit)
Mu bindi byagaragajwe n’ubu bushakashatsi ni ibititwa ruswa ari nabyo bifatwa nka ruswa; GITI.
Ijambo GITI ku banyamakuru rikunze gukoreshwa nk’amafaranga y’urugendo cyangwa ayo amafaranga yo guhaha amafunguro ahabwa umunyamakuru, igihe bagiye mu kazi ko gutara amakuru, batayahawe n’ibigo by’itangazamakuru bakorera ahubwo bakayahabwa n’abababatumiye ngo batare amakuru.
Ibi byose TI-R yarabigaragaje inasaba Leta gufata ingamba zo gukumira iyi ruswa mu Itangazamakuru kuko nikomeza, bifite ingaruka nini ku gihugu, yaba ku bukungu no kugeza amakuru ku banyarwanda.
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