Ibi bivuze ko niba umwana yishyuraga amafaranga y'ishuri ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw), ubu agomba kwishyura ibihumbi mirongo irindwi (70,000Frw). Ni icyemezo gishimishije kandi gishishikariza ababyeyi gukangurira abana babo kwiga amasomo ya tekiniki, imyuga n'ubumenyingiro.

Ubusanzwe Leta y’u Rwanda ifite intumbero y’uko mu 2024 abagana TVET bazaba bageze kuri 60%. Kuri ubu ibipimo bigaragaza ko mu mashuri 453 abanyeshuri 93,485 ni ukuvuga 31,9%, bamaze kuyoboka aya masomo.

Abanyeshuri bemeza ko kuba amafaranga y’ishuri yagabanyijwe bigiye kuborohereza kwiga na cyane ko bakundaga kugorwa no kuyabona.

Umunyeshuri witwa Gatesi Henriette wiga umwaka wa Gatanu muri Food Processing mu ishuri rya TVET Kabutare yabwiye IGIHE ko ubusanzwe bishyuraga amafaranga menshi ugasanga hari abo bigoye.

Yagize ati “Ubusanzwe twishyuraga amafaranga menshi bikaba byaba imbogamizi zo kugera mu ishuri ukerereweho kubera gushakisha ayo mafaranga, kuba bayagabanyijwe bigiye kumfasha cyane. Ibi kandi biratwereka ko aya mashuri yacu ari guhabwa agaciro kuko wabonaga ko twishyura amafaranga menshi bikaba byatuzitira kuyitabira.”

Gatesi yemeje ko kwiga muri aya mashuri biba bitandukanye no kwiga amasomo asanzwe kubera ko we nubwo atabona akazi ka Leta cyangwa ko mu biro runaka, ashobora guhanga imirimo nawe agatanga akazi na cyane ko ari zo nzozi ze.

Gikundiro Amina wo mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo mu ishuri rya Musenyeri Mubiligi Catholic TVET School, yavuze ko aho yigaga yishyuraga ibihumbi 150Frw kandi ko yari amafaranga menshi, ibyo byagiraga ingaruka no kuri bagenzi be bigana bashoboraga gucikiriza amasomo bitewe n’amafaranga y’ishuri y’umurengera.

Ati “Bizafasha na bagenzi banjye, hari igihe twatahaga ukabona hari abanyeshuri batagarutse ntitumenye naho bagiye ariko wakurikirana ugasanga barahinduye amasomo kubera amafaranga menshi.”

Aba banyeshuri basanga kugabanya amafaranga y’ishuri muri TVET ari inzira nziza yo gucira amarenga barumuna babo ko kwiga muri aya mashuri kugeza ubu mu Rwanda bifite agaciro kandi bishyigikiwe n’igihugu.

Ababyeyi batuwe urusyo

Ababyeyi bagaragaza ko kwishyurira umwana muri aya mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro byari ukwizirika umukanda kugira ngo ufashe umwana gutegura ahazaza he neza.

Ubusanzwe amafaranga yishyurwa muri ayo mashuri usanga ari hejuru kuko byabarirwaga hagati y’ibihumbi 99 Frw na 170Frw bitewe n’ikigo cyangwa ibyo umwana yiga.

Batamuriza Gaudence ufite umwana wiga mu masomo ya TVET, mu kiganiro na IGIHE yavuze ko yiryaga akimara kugira ngo umwana we yige neza ariko bikamugora kubera ko hari n’abandi barumuna be agomba kurihira amashuri.

Uyu mubyeyi yemeje ko kugabanya amafaranga y’ishuri bizagira uruhare rukomeye ku bana rwo gukunda ayo masomo cyane ko bari basanganywe ubwo bushake.

Yakomeje ati “Ubona umwana yifitemo ubushake n’ubushobozi. Mu by’ukuri ntitwigeze tugira icyifuzo cyo kuba twamukura mu ishuri ngo amafaranga ni menshi kandi nta n’igihe yigeze araranya. Ubushobozi buke dufite ntabwo wakifuza ko umwana yiga ibintu bitazatanga umusaruro ariko ariya mashuri arimo ubumenyi bwinshi bukenewe muri iyi minsi kandi bitanavunanye.”

Batamuriza yemeje ko mu butumwa yahawe bw’ishuri bumumenyesha ibyo umwana agomba kwitwaza (babyeyi) yasanze koko ayo mafaranga yaragabanyijwe ku kigero cya 30% ava ku bihumbi bisaga 140 Frw agera ku bihumbi 102 Frw.

Ibigo by’amashuri biracyafite umutwaro uremereye

Tudatinze ku byo kuba ibiciro by’ibintu byose ku isoko byarazamutse cyane, ibigo by’amashuri bitandukanye bigaragaza ko kugabanya ayo mafaranga y’ishuri ari byiza nubwo bigifite zimwe mu mbogamizi.

Birumvikana ko umunyeshuri wiga aba mu kigo, akenera ibintu byinshi binyuranye kandi igiciro cy'ayo yishyura aba yaragabanyijwe bigatuma ashobora kugira ubuzima butari bwiza biturutse kuri icyo cyemezo.

Umuyobozi wa TVET Kansi mu Karere ka Gisagara, Frère Ndikuryayo Florent yabwiye IGIHE ko kuba amafaranga yagabanyijwe ari gahunda nziza gusa igifite imbogamizi ku ruhande rw’ibigo by’amashuri.

Ati “Birumvikana ubushobozi bw’ababyeyi bushobora kuzagira uko bwiyongeraho babe babasha kohereza abana muri ayo mashuri kuko akenshi wasangaga bavuga ko amashuri y’imyuka n’ubumenyingiro ahenze, ugasanga abana barabajyana mu masomo asanzwe uretse ko ari na yo ahenze.”

Yavuze ko kimwe mu bibazo amashuri ari kwibaza ari ikijyanye n’imibereho y’ishuri, abanyeshuri, abakozi n’ibindi nkenerwa byavaga muri y’amafaranga.

Ati “Bizagira ingaruka mu by’ukuri iteye ubwoba mu mibereho y’ishuri. Twari dutuye dufite ayo mafaranga y’ishuri ariko bamwe na bamwe ari hasi birumvikana ko nibakata ayo 30% birahita byongera bimanuke. Uzasange igiciro cy’amazi n’umuriro no guhemba bamwe mu bakozi ishuri ryari risanwe rifite ryihembera bizaduhenda kurushaho, usange tugiye mu madeni atari ngombwa.”

Ndikuryayo asanga ibigo by’amashuri bigomba gukora iyo bwabaga iki cyemezo ntikigire ingaruka zikomeye ku munyeshuri n’imyigire ye kuko bizasaba ubumuntu na cyane ko umwana ari umugenerwabikorwa agomba kurwanwaho kugira ngo atagira ikibazo, ahubwo ishuri akaba ari ryo rizasigara ryishyura iyo myenda.

Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’ishuri cya Kabutare TVET School, Mbarushimana Jean Damascène, yavuze ko nk’ibigo hari imwe mu mishinga yabyo izasubikwa kugira ngo babashe guhangana n’ingaruka zo kugabanya amafaranga y'ishuri ndetse n’umubare w’abakozi bahembwaga n’ikigo ushobora kugabanuka.

Kuvuga abakozi bahembwa n’ikigo harimo abakora amasuku mu kigo, abacunga umutekano, abateka, ba nyakabyizi n’abandi bakora imirimo isa n’iyoroheje mu kigo cy’ishuri ariko nyamara ifatiye runini abanyeshuri.

Ati “Ni icyemezo dushima, wenda nubwo cyaba gitunguranye ariko umwaka utaha bizaba byamaze gufata umurongo neza kuko n’amashuri azaba yiteguye bijyanye n’ubushobozi bushobora kuzaboneka. Hari bimwe bigomba kugabanuka ariko bitazagira ingaruka ku myigire y’abanyeshuri.”

Yavuze kandi ko amafaranga Leta yemereye ibigo by’amashuri yamaze kugera ku makonti yabyo. Ayo agenewe gufasha abanyeshuri bagurirwa ibikoresho by’ibanze bizakoresha mu myigire yabo n’ibindi bikenewe.

Umuyobozi wa RTB, Paul Umukunzi, yabwiye IGIHE ko basanze mu mbogamizi zituma aya mashuri atitabirwa cyane ari uko ikiguzi cy’uburezi muri TVET kikiri hejuru bitewe n’uko abanyeshuri biga bakora kandi ibikoresho bakenera bikaba bihenze.

Yavuze ko amashuri yahinduye ibiciro ku bantu bari batarishyura ariko nk’abari bamaze kwishyura bazumvikana n’ibigo by’amashuri bazakomerezeho umwaka utaha cyangwa ababyifuza basubizwe amafaranga yabo.

Yakomeje ati “Icyo twifuje kuva kera ni uko tugira uburezi bufite ireme kandi budahenze ku mubyeyi. Dufite urubyiruko rwinshi rwifuza kujya muri TVET ariko ugasanga ubushobozi ari ikibazo. Leta iri gushyiramo imbaraga nyinshi cyane kugira ngo TVET ihe amahirwe umunyarwanda uwo ari we wese”.

Muri uyu umwaka w’ingengo y’imari leta yashyize miliyari eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda mu kugura ibikoresho bikenerwa mu mashuri ya TVET, yasaranganyijwe amashuri yose ya leta n’ayigenga afitanye amasezerano na leta kandi yamaze kugezwa ku bigo by’amashuri.

Umukunzi yavuze ko ari intambwe ikomeye yo kugera ku ntumbero ya Leta yuko 60% by’abanyeshuri bazaba biga muri TVET mu 2024. Yagaragaje ko ari urugendo rutangiye ariko rugikomeza kugira ngo amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro abashe kwigonderwa na benshi.

Uyu muyobozi yavuze ko hazakurikiraho ubugenzuzi bugamije gukurikirana niba koko hatazagira abanyeshuri bashobora kubirenganiramo aho ibigo bishobora kwanga gukurikiza ibisabwa.

Gahunda yo kugabanya amafaranga y’ishuri ireba ibigo bya Leta, ibifashwa nayo n’ibigo byigenga ariko bihabwa abanyeshuri na Leta kubera amasezerano bagiranye ariko ntireba abanyeshuri biga bataha kuko ikiguzi cy’uburezi cyamaze kugabanywa.

Kugeza ubu kandi RTB ifite gahunda yo gukomeza guhugura abarimu bigisha muri TVET, kubaka ibindi byumba byinshi by’amashuri no gushishikariza ibigo by’amashuri uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu myigishirize.

Biteganyijwe ko intambwe izakurikiraho ari ukuringaniza amafaranga y’ishuri mu bigo bicumbikira abanyeshuri kubera ko kugeza ubu atangana bitewe n’ibyo ikigo gikenera, porogaramu y’amasomo yacyo n’ibindi, ari na byo bigenderwaho mu gutanga amafaranga yo kugura ibikoresho.