U Bushinwa ni igihugu kigana ku iterambere

Abahanga mu by’ubukungu batekereza ko u Bushinwa buzasimbura Amerika ku mwanya wa mbere mu bihugu bikize mu 2030.

Bamwe mu nshuti basuye ibice by’u Bushinwa byegereye inyanja bakihera maso imijyi nka Beijing, Shangai na Shenzhen, bagarutse kuri icyo gitekerezo maze basa nk’abafashe umwanzuro ko u Bushinwa bwamaze kugera mu cyiciro cy’ibihugu bikize.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, ntabwo ari ko kuri. Hari ibigenderwaho kugira ngo igihugu cyemezwe ko kiri kuri urwo rwego. Icya mbere ni umusaruro (GNI:Gross National Income) bikenewe ko ugera ku bipimo nk’uw’iby’ibihugu byinjiza agatubutse.

Umusaruro w’umuturage mu Bushinwa, GNI mu 2021 wari ugeze ku 12.500 by’amadolari uri munsi y’igipimo cya Banki y’Isi cya 12.695 by’amadolari. Ikindi kandi, haracyari icyuho kinini cya GNI hagati y’ibice byegereye inyanja n’ibindi bice by’u Bushinwa ari byo bigenda bigira ingaruka ku igabanuka ry’ubukungu bw’u Bushinwa.

Icya kabiri ni imiterere y’urwego rw’inganda. Ku bihugu bikize, urwego rwa mbere rw’ubukungu ruba rwinjiza hagati ya 1-2% by’ubukungu bw’igihugu mu gihe ku Bushinwa ari hafi 8%. Urwego rwa serivisi ku bihugu bikize ruba rugize 60% cyangwa 80% by’ubukungu mu gihe ku Bushinwa ari 40%.

Icya gatatu ni ikijyanye no gutunganya imijyi. Ikigereranyo cyo gutunganya imijyi ku bihugu bikize kiba kiri hagati ya 70% na 80% mu gihe ku Bushinwa kiri hasi kuko ari 60%. Icya nyuma ni ibipimo bigaragaza icyizere cy’ubuzima, uburezi n’umusaruro buri muturage yinjiza (Human Development Index: HDI) Loni ishingiraho ireba imibereho n’ubukungu by’igihugu.

U Bushinwa bwari ku mwanya wa 85 mu 2020 ku rutonde rwa HDI rwagaragaje aho buhagaze ku iterambere ry’imibereho myiza n’ubukungu. Mu myaka myinshi iri imbere, u Bushinwa buzakomeza kuba ku isonga mu bihugu biri kubaka ubukungu bwabyo ku isi.

U Bushinwa burangamiye ubukungu busangiwe

Ku rwego rw’isi icyuho mu iterambere ry’ibihugu bikize n’ibikennye kirarushaho kwiyongera bitewe n’uko abakire barushaho gukira no kuba abatuye isi batabasha kubona ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ku rwego rungana.

Ikindi ni uko umusaruro ku muturage (GDP per capita) w’ibihugu bikize ukubye inshuro icyenda uw’ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Iterambere ridasaranganyijwe ni iterambere ritarambye kuko rirushaho kwenyegeza ubusumbane n’amakimbirane mu bihugu byinshi biri mu nzira y’amajyambere kandi bigahungabanya urubuga rwa politiki ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Hatabayeho ubukungu busangiwe mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere, bizagorana cyangwa ntibizashoboka ko isi yose ibasha kugera ku bukungu bwa nyabwo, buhamye kandi bwubakiye ku mahoro.

Ubukungu busangiwe ni ikintu cy’ingenzi mu cyerekezo cya sosiyete isangiye ahazaza nk’uko bikubiye mu nyandiko zitandukanye za Loni n’indi miryango. U Bushinwa bwizera ko bugomba guharanira ko inyokomuntu igira inyungu zisaranganyijwe. U Bushinwa bushaka kurwanira guca akato, bukimika gusaranganya aho umwe yungukira ku wundi.

U Bushinwa bwahagurukiye gutsimbataza ubutabogama n’ubutabera ndetse no kugira imiryango yubakiye ku rufatiro rwizwa rw’amateka no kujya mbere kwa muntu.

Muri urwo rwego, u Bushinwa bwateguye gahunda yo kubaka ibikorwaremezo hirya no hino ku isi (Belt Road Initiative (BRI) mu 2013. Mu mpera za 2021, u Bushinwa bwasinyanye n’ibihugu 145 n’imiryango mpuzamahanga 32 inyandiko zerekeye BRI nka rumwe mu rubuga rw’ibanze rw’ubutwererane mpuzamahanga kugeza ubu.

Ikiraro cyo mu Nyanja muri Croatie, Stade nini kuruta izindi muri Qatar, inyubako isumba izindi muri Afurika iherereye mu Misiri, ni ingero zigaragaza umusaruro wa gahunda ya BRI. Muri Nzeri 2021, u Bushinwa bwatangije gahunda igamije iterambere mpuzamahanga (GDI: Global Development Initiative).

Hamwe n’icyerekezo 2030 cya Loni kigamije Iterambere Rirambye, GDI igamije guteza imbere ubutwererane mpuzamahanga mu nkingi zinyuranye no gushaka iterambere ryagutse, risangiwe kandi ritangiza ibidukikije.

Mu Ugushyingo 2021 mu Nama ya munani y’abaminisitiri bo mu Ihuriro rigamije ubutwererane hagati y’u Bushinwa na Afurika, u Bushinwa bwiyemeje gukorana bya hafi n’ibihugu bya Afurika mu gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga icyenda ibumbatiye iterambere ry’imibereho myiza n’ubukungu. U Bushinwa bwubaha ihame ryo gukorera mu kuri, ibisubizo nyabyo, kunoza umurimo n’icyizere ndetse buhuje icyerekezo cy’ahazaza n’ibindi bihugu biri gutera imbere.

U Bushinwa burangamiye iterembere rigamije amahoro

Nk’uko byemejwe mu myanzuro ya komite y’Ishyaka ry’aba-Communist ry’u Bushinwa ku bijyanye n’ibyagezweho n’iri shyaka mu myaka ijana ishize, yatowe mu nteko ya 6 mu Ugushyingo 2021, u Bushinwa buzakomeza inzira yabwo igana ku iterambere ryubakiye ku mahoro.

Umwanuzuro ugira uti “Tuzateza igihugu cyacu imbere tubungabunga kandi dutanga umusanzu mu guharanira amahoro ku isi”;

“Tuzakomeza intambwe igana imbere n’umuhate wacu wose hagamijwe iterambere ku isi. Ntituzigera na rimwe dutega amakiriro ku bandi, twuririra ku mahirwe y’abandi cyangwa dushaka gukandamiza abandi. Nitudatezuka kuri aya mahame nta kabuza tuzakomeza gutanga umusanzu mu iterambere rihindura imibereho y’abantu no gukorana n’abo mu bindi bihugu mu gukomeza urugendo rugana ku hazaza heza.”

U Bushinwa ni igihugu gikunda amahoro kandi umuco wacyo wubakiye ku mahoro. U Bushinwa bwamye bwihagazeho mu myaka amagana mu mateka kuko butigeze bugira inyota yo kwiyagura hanze yabwo cyangwa gukoloniza ibindi bihugu.

Mbere y’ishingwa rya Repubulika ya Rubanda y’Abashinwa, Abashinwa bazahajwe n’ubukene butavugwa. Kwibuka ayo mateka bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gushyiraho indangagaciro ry’Abashinwa zigana ku mahoro.

U Bushinwa bwashyizeho amahame atanu ashingiye ku kubana mu mahoro mu 1954 yakunze kubakirwaho mu mibanire mpuzamahanga y’iki gihe. Abanyamateka bavuga ko ibyo u Bushinwa bwagezeho kuva mu 1949 bubikesha inzira igana ku iterambere ryubakiye ku mahoro.

Nk’uko yabigarutseho hizihizwa isabukuru ya 50 u Bushinwa bwinjiye muri Loni, Perezida Xi Jiping yavuze ko “Kubakira ku mateka bizafasha u Bushinwa gukomeza inzira igana ku iterambere ryubakiye ku mahoro kandi buri gihe buzajya bugira uruhare mu kubaka amahoro mu batuye isi.”

U Bushinwa bwishimira gusangira inararibonye n’ibindi mu by’iterambere

U Bushinwa hamwe n’ibindi bihugu byinshi biri kubaka ubukungu bwabyo, bisangiye amateka ndetse bihura n’ibibazo bijya gusa bituma bishoboka ko bihererekanya inararibonye mu by’iterambere.

Kuva mu 1949, u Bushinwa bwakoze ibishoboka ngo butere imbere rimwe bugatsinda ikindi gihe bugatsindwa. Usubije amaso inyuma ku nzira y’iterambere ry’u Bushinwa, inararibonye ryabwo ibindi bihugu byaryubakiyeho.

Iterambere rigomba kuba intego nyamukuru y’imiyoborere. Ingamba z’iterambere n’imigambi ishingiye ku miterere y’igihugu na byo ni iby’agaciro. Imigambi ishingiye ku muturage igomba kuba mu mutima w’iterambere.

Isano hagati ya guverinoma ‘n’ukuboko kugaragara’, isoko n’’ukuboko kutagaragara’ bigomba gusuzumwa mu buryo bunoze.

Impinduka, iterambere n’ituze bigomba kubamo ukutabogama. Ni ngombwa gushikama ku bwigenge bwawe igihe ugiye gukorana n’abandi ku isi. Kuri ubu bigomba kumvikana ko u Bushinwa butarimo kwinjiza uburyo bwabwo bw’iterambere mu bindi bihugu ahubwo bubishishikariza kubugerageza. Nyuma y’ibyo mu gihe igihugu cyigira ku inararibonye ry’abandi, kigomba kwita ku miterere yacyo ubwacyo.