Ni ibishingiye kuri raporo y’isesengura rya raporo y’ibikorwa bya Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda ya 2024-2025.

Mu isesengura rya Komisiyo, ryagaragaje ko Leta y’u Rwanda ibinyujije muri Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, yashyize ku isoko ry’ibanze impapuro mpeshamwenda 14.

Muri izo harimo impapuro nshya 7 n’impapuro 7 zasubijwe ku isoko.

Mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2024-2025 ubwitabire bwo gushora muri izo mpapuro bwari ku gipimo cy’impuzandengo cya 292.67% ugereranyije na 154.06% mu mwaka wari wabanje.

Raporo ya BNR y’umwaka wa 2024-2025 igaragaza ko ubwo bwitabire bwo hejuru bwatewe ahanini n’impamvu umubare munini w’amafaranga yari mu bubiko bw’amabanki n’impapuro mpeshamwenda za Leta z’igihe kigufi zishyuwe bigendanye na gahunda ya Leta yo kugabanya imyenda yayo n’ikinyuranyo cy’amafaranga yinjira n’asohoka.

Iyo raporo kandi igaragaza ko mu 2024/2025, inyungu z’ubucuruzi bw’impapuro mpeshamwenda zazamutse cyane, aho ziyongereye ku gipimo cya 171,8% bikagera kuri Miliyari 146,5 Frw zivuye kuri Miliyari 54.7 Frw mu 2023/2024.

Impapuro mpeshamwenda zishyirwa ku isoko na Leta y’igihugu ishaka kugurizwa amafaranga yunganira ingengo y’imari ya cyo.

Abashoramari bifuza gushora mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda za Leta, bagura izo mpapuro bifashije banki bakorana nazo cyangwa abahuza bo ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane ry’u Rwanda- Rwanda Stock Exchange (RSE), bityo bakaba bagurije leta, nayo ikajya ibishyura inyungu kugeza igihe izo mpapuro zizavira ku isoko.

Usibye inyungu kandi, iyo igihe cyagenewe izo mpapuro kirangiye, abashoramari baziguze bahabwa amafaranga yabo yose.

Amafaranga y’u Rwanda ni yo akoreshwa mu kugura impapuro mpeshamwenda za leta kandi zishobora gushyirwa ku isoko bwa mbere (new issuance) cyangwa zigasubizwa ku isoko (reopening) bitewe na gahunda ziba zarateganyijwe. Kugeza ubu, impapuro mpeshamwenda za Leta zishyirwa ku isoko buri kwezi.

Ubusanzwe, izo mpapuro mpeshamwenda zigenda zimara igihe gitandukanye bitewe n’igihugu. Mu Rwanda hari izimara imyaka itatu, itanu, irindwi, 10, 15 na 20.

Iyo ushoye imari mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda za leta ni uburyo bwiza bwo kwiyubakira igihugu, ufasha kuziba icyuho ku ngengo y’imari yacyo, bityo ukagira uruhare mu iterambere ryacyo kandi butubakiye ku nguzanyo zivuye mu mahanga.

Uretse kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu cyawe, gushora imari mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda za leta ni inyungu Kuri wowe kuko abona inyungu ishimishije yinjira mu mufuka.

Gushora imari mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda uba wizigamiye kandi ukiteganyiriza ejo hazaza nk’amashuri y’abana, izabukuru, kuba washora mu mishinga minini, n’ibindi.

Ikindi kandi, iyo ushoye imari mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda uba ukoze ishoramari ryizewe kuko uba wizeye guhabwa inyungu ku gihe, ndetse ukazasubizwa amafaranga washoye iyo igihe cyagenewe izo mpapuro mpeshamwenda kirangiye.

Ikindi ni uko gushora imari mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda ushobora kuzigurisha unyuze ku isoko ry’Imari n’Imigabane ry’ u Rwanda (RSE) igihe ushatse amafaranga mbere y’igihe zateganyirijwe kuvira ku isoko.

Bivuze ko uba ufite amafaranga yawe azakungukira kandi ushobora no kuyabona igihe uyashakiye.

Icyo gihe, wegera abahuza bo ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane (brokers) ukababwira umubare w’izo ashaka kugurisha, bakagufasha gushaka umukiliya wifuza kuzigura.

Aha ni bwo wumvikana n’umukiliya ku giciro cy’impapuro zawe (market price), ugahabwa ikiguzi cyazo noneho izo mpapuro na zo zikandikwa ku waziguze mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.