Muri gahunda ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda harimo gushishikariza abaturage kwitabira gukorera hamwe hagamijwe iterambere rusange.

Abishyize hamwe bagera ubwo baguka mu mikorere ku buryo bagirwa koperative igahabwa n’ubuzima gatozi.

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda habarurwa amakoperative asaga 10.465 agizwe n’abanyamuryango basaga miliyoni 5,3. Bivuze ko umubare munini w’Abanyarwanda bageze mu gihe cyo gukora babarizwa mu makoperative.

Nubwo uwo mubare ungana gutyo hari abawugereranya na bwa ‘buro bwinshi butabyara umusururu’ kuko nta munsi w’ubusa hatumvikana ibibazo mu makoperative, haba ku mikorere yayo, imiyoborere, imicungire y'umutungo n’ibindi.

Kurwanira ubuyobozi

Ni kenshi uzasanga abanyamuryango ba koperative runaka barwanira imyanya y’ubuyobozi rimwe na rimwe bikanagira ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry’abanyamuryango.

Nko mu mpera za 2021, Koperative ikorera mu Gakiriro ka Gisozi icuruza ibikoresho by’ububaji, COPCOM, yasubitse amatora inshuro zitari nke biturutse ku kuba bamwe barashakaga umwanya w'ubuyobozi bigatuma amatora azamo kidobya.

Ni amatora yakunze gusubikwa inshuro nyinshi biturutse ku mwiryane n’imvururu zatezwaga n’abifuza ubuyobozi.

Ubwo IGIHE yaganiraga n’uwahoze ari umuyobozi wayo Nzamwita Samson yagaragaje ko ingorane yahuye na zo zatewe ahanini n’abantu bifuzaga kujya ku buyobozi bigatuma batamwumva cyangwa ngo bumve abayobozi bafatanyije mu gihe cyo guharanira iterambere rya koperative.

Umukozi mu Kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere amakoperative (RCA) mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Kayiranga Edouard, icyo gihe yabwiye IGIHE ko kuba ubuyobozi bukunze kurwanirwa mu makoperative atandukanye biri mu bidindiza iterambere rusange ry’abanyamuryango.

Umwe mu bahoze muri Koperative itunganya amata mu Karere ka Muhanga utifuje ko amazina ye atangazwa, yabwiye IGIHE ko koperative yabo yahoragamo umwiryane biturutse ahanini ku bayobozi baryanaga bya hato na hato.

Yavuze ko kubera iyo mpamvu batari kubona iterambere ahubwo Koperative ihorana umwiryane ndetse bigatuma abanyamuryango batagira icyo bunguka.

Inda nini

Ubusanzwe imiyoborere myiza ni ipfundo ry’iterambere. Kuri koperative biba akarusho iyo iyobowe neza kuko bifasha mu gushyiraho ingamba zitandukanye zafasha mu guteza imbere abanyamuryango.

Amwe mu makoperative yagiye ahura n’ibibazo bikomeye ntabashe kugera ku ntego yihaye mbere yo guteza imbere abanyamuryango bayo.

Ibi ahanini bigaragazwa n’uko abayobozi b’ayo makoperative birangira banyereje umutungo bacungaga cyangwa se bagahombya koperative mu buryo bw’amaherere.

Kugera mu mwaka ushize habarurwaga amafaranga asaga miliyari 10 Frw yanyerejwe n’abanyamuryango ariko hamaze kugaruzwa agera kuri miliyari 6 Frw.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, impuguke mu bukungu, Habyarimana Straton, yavuze ko kuba amakoperative menshi ayoborwa nabi biyagusha mu bihombo bikomeye, bishobora gutuma abanyamuryango batagira icyo bayungukiramo.

Yagize ati “Ubundi ibibazo biri mu makoperative usanga ari imiyoborere aho usanga abayobozi bazo badashyiraho uburyo buboneye bwo gucunga umutungo wayo ndetse rimwe na rimwe bakanawunyereza.”

Yagaragaje ko kugeza ubu usanga iyo miyoborere mibi ishobora gutuma n’abagurirwa ibicuruzwa byabo muri koperative nk’iz’ubuhinzi, batabona ibyavuye mu musaruro wabo.

Ati “Ugasanga nk’umuhinzi w’umuceri arahinze yasarura agashyikiriza umusaruro we koperative kubera ya miyoborere mibi ntibumve ko na we akeneye kubaho neza, akazategereza agaheba.”

Ubumenyi buke bw’abanyamuryango

Ni kenshi uzasanga abanyamuryango ba koperative batazi neza uburenganzira bwabo bitewe ahanini n'uko bumva ko zashinzwe n’abayobozi bazo.

Ibi bituma batamenya no gukurikirana ibikorwa bikorerwa muri koperative ndetse no gukurikirana ibikoreshwa umutungo wayo.

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere amakoperative, RCA, Prof Harelimana Jean Bosco aherutse gutangariza IGIHE ko kutamenya uburenganzira bw’abari muri koperative bituma zidindira kurushaho.

Ati “Ahenshi muzasanga abanyamuryango batazi ko koperative ari iyabo, bakora ariko ntibumve ko aho bari gukora ari iwabo ngo bumve ko bari kwikorera. Ubundi ukora mu kwe ntasigana. Aho rero uzasanga abagiye babayobora batarabahaye amakuru yuzuye cyangwa na za mfashanyigisho dutanga barazisomye ahari basa n’abacuritse.”

Uretse kubwira abantu ko bakwiye kwibumbira mu makoperative, hari ubumenyi buba bukenewe kugira ngo izo koperative zigire icyo zimarira abazirimo.

Ibi biri no mu nshingano z’Ikigo gishinzwe guteza imbere amakoperative mu Rwanda (RCA) kuko gisabwa guha ubumenyi bw’ibanze abari mu makoperative ndetse no gukora ubugenzuzi ku mikorere yayo mu bihe bitandukanye.

Habyarimana Straton yabwiye IGIHE ko bimwe mu bibangamiye amakoperative n’ubumenyi buke ku mikorere yayo burimo cyane ko usanga bamwe mu bayobozi baba bataranagize amahirwe yo kwiga.

Yavuze ko kuri ubu ibikenerwa kugira ngo abayobozi b’amakoperative bahabwe ubumenyi ndetse bugere no ku banyamuryango bisaba ko izindi nzego zakunganira RCA.

Yavuze ko ugereranyije n’ibikenewe n’abakozi ba RCA muri buri Karere, byagorana ko urwo rwego rwonyine rubasha kugera kuri buri koperative.

Prof. Harelimana Jean Bosco na we aherutse gutangaza ko ibyo byose kugira ngo bibashe kugerwaho bakorana n’inzego z’ibanze kugira ngo abagize koperative babashe kugira ubumenyi bw’ibanze ku mikorere yazo.

Hakorwa iki ngo koperative zigere ku kigamijwe?

Habyarimana agaragaza ko iyo abantu bakoreye hamwe bibafasha kuzamurana ndetse bikanabafasha kugera ku iterambere rusange.

Bivuze ko nk'uko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ibigena ko Abaturarwanda bose bakorera mu makoperative kandi agakora neza byatanga umusaruro ku gihugu wo guhashya no kurwanya ubukene bukabije kuri ubu bukibarwa ku kigero cya 16%.

Yavuze ko bisaba izindi mbaraga zo gushyigikira politiki nk’iyo yo gukorera mu makoperative ndetse no gukosora bimwe mu bitagenda neza kuri ubu.

Ibyo bizajyana n’igenzura rihoraho rikorerwa amakoperative kandi rigakorwa mu buryo bugamije gukumira icyaha aho gukorwa kubera ko hagaragaye ibibazo runaka.

Ati “Ikibazo bikorwa bitinze kandi bituma ba bandi bayoboye amakoperative birara bagakora ibyo bashaka. Ubundi RCA yagombye gukora ubugenzuzi hagamijwe gukumira icyaha kuko hari igihe abantu baba barariye ayo mafaranga bitagishobotse ko agaruzwa.”

Yavuze ko hakwiye kubaho ibigo bitandukanye bishinzwe gutanga ubujyanama, amahugurwa bigamije gufasha amakoperative aho kugira ngo bikorwe na RCA yonyine kuko bitayorohera kwiharira izo nshingano.

Ikindi gikenewe ni itsinda rikora raporo y’ubugenzuzi imbere muri buri koperative ku buryo ryajya rikorana na RCA aho gutanga raporo ku buyobozi bwa Koperative.

Hari kandi guha buri munyamuryango uruhare rwo gutanga ibitekerezo mu bimukorerwa ndetse no gusobanurirwa uburenganzira bwe muri koperative aho kumva ko ahagarariwe n’abamuyobora gusa.

Habyarimana yagaragaje ko hari hakwiye kujyaho politiki ivuguruye igenga amakoperative ku buryo niba ari koperative y’ubuhinzi igena abagomba kuyibamo hashingiwe no ku miturire, ku mirimo bakora n’ibindi bitandukanye.

Prof. Harelimana yavuze ko nta nzira yindi yatuma abantu badakorera mu makoperative kugira ngo abaturage bafatanye mu iterambere kandi impinduka zigenda zigaragaza ko zibasha gutinyura abantu mu ishoramari.

Ikiganiro n'Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere amakoperative, RCA, Prof Harelimana Jean Bosco