Hari abandi babyitirira abakoloni ko ari bo babikoze kuko byubatswe mu bihe byabo, nyamara ntibamenye ko byose byakozwe n’abana b’u Rwanda, ndetse banabitanzeho ikiguzi gihanitse cy’imbaraga zabo n’ibyabo, hari n’abahasize ubuzima.

Muri aya mateka tukaba tugiye kubatekerereza bimwe mu bikorwa remezo byubatswe mu bihe by’abakoroni b’Ababiligi, bigerwaho Abanyarwanda bahatakarije ubuzima butagira uko bwabarwa.

Dukurikije igitabo cy’Intwari z’imbanza, zubatse u Rwanda rugahamya igitinyiro, tugaragarizwa amateka ya byinshi mu bikorwa remezo n’igihe byagereye mu Rwanda. Imbaraga zakoreshejwe mu mashiraniro atagira uko yabarwa, mu minsi y’indyankurye! Muri iyi nkuru tukaba tugiye kubataturira amateka y’iyubakwa ry’ibibuga by’indege u Rwanda rufite.

Nubwo tunezezwa no kuguruka mu ndege ku bibuga by’indege mu Rwanda, tukumva ari igikorwa gihambaye u Rwanda, rwagezeho, ariko hakwiye kujya hazirikanwa amaraso y’Abanyarwanda yahamenekeye n’amagufa yayashenjagurikiye n’ubuzima bwahangirikiye ngo byubakwe.

Ibibuga by’indege u Rwanda rufite birimo; icya Kigali, icya Kamembe n’icya Rubavu, byose bigaragara ko byubatswe mu gihe kimwe, kuko icya Kigali cyubatswe guhera mu wa 1926, naho icya Kamembe na Gisenyi bitangira kubakwa mu wa 1933, kandi byubakwa mu buryo bumwe n’ubwo byagiye bivugururwa gahoro, gahoro ngo birusheho gutanga serivisi nziza zijyanye n’igihe.

Ibyo bibuga byose, byatangiye kubakwa, ubwo Ababiligi bari barangajwe imbere na Georges Mortehan wari Guverineri wungirije wa Rwanda- Urundi, batangiye gutekereza ibyo guhanga ibibuga y’indege mu Rwanda, kugira ngo indege z’iwabo zizajya zishaka kuza mu bihugu bakolonije bizaborohere.

Muri ibyo bihe ni bwo batekereje aho ibyo bibuga byashyirwa bakurikije ibyerekezo byaborohera kugeza muri Koroni zabo. Ni bwo hatoranyijwe Kamembe nk’ahari hagati y’u Rwanda, u Burundi na Congo, hatoranywa kandi Gisenyi nk’ahegereye Congo n’u Rwanda, ndetse na Kigali (Kanombe) ahashobora kugwa indege mpuzamahanga.

Ibyo bibuga by’indege byose, byatangiye kubakwa kuva mu wa 1926, haherewe ku cya Kigali ari na yo myaka y’intangiriro y’Ikiboko n’Uburetwa ku Banyarwanda. Kuva ubwo Abanyarwanda b’igitsina gabo batangira gukora ibyo bibuga ku gahato, bakubitwa kandi batanahembwa.

Ukurikije imiterere y’ibibuga by’indege bifuzaga kubaka nk’uko bigaragara kugeza ubu, ni uko byagombaga kuba bifite ubutumburuke buri hejuru uhereye ku butaka fatizo bw’akarere bigiye kubakwamo. Bikaba byarasabaga ko aho bigiye kubakwa harundwa ibitaka byinshi mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubutumburuke byaho nk’uko babyifuzaga.

Bitewe n’uko nta mashini zihinga zigatunda ibitaka zikanabitsindagira zari zagakwiriye hirya no hino ku isi, byabaye ngombwa ko ababikoraga b’Abanyarwanda, batunda ibyo bitaka babyikorera ku mutwe bifashisjije ibitebo bagenda babimena kugeza aho ikibuga cy’indege bifuzaga kibonekeye. Kubisanza bifashishaka amasuka n’ibitiyo.

Ibyo byose, babikoraga badahembwa, ikiboko kibari hejuru, amarira ari yose, ndetse hari n’abahasize ubuzima.

Nuko mu wa 1934, ni bwo ikibuga cy’indege cya mbere cya Kigali i Kanombe cyuzuye ndetse kinagwaho indege ya mbere mu mateka y’u Rwanda, nyuma y’imyaka umunani cyubakwa. Na ho ibindi bibuga nk’icya Kamembe za Rusizi na Gisenyi h’i Rubavu, byo byuzuye mu wa 1939, ari na bwo byatashywe ku mugaragaro, byo byamaze imyaka itandatu byubakwa.

Nihubahwe abakurambere bahonyorewe ibikorwa remezo turimo kwishimira ubu, benshi babyidagaduriraho batazi ko byatanzweho imbaraga zitagira uko zabarwa ngo bibeho, n’amaraso ya benshi akahamenekera.

Abanyarwanda bagize imvune nyinshi mu kubaka ibibuga by'indege bya mbere