Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda naho indwara zitandura ni ikibazo gikomeye kuko zihariye 40% by’abapfa, ndetse 7% by’Abanyarwanda baba bafite ibyago byo kwandura indwara z’umutima.

Ubwo hizihizwaga umunsi wahariwe kwita ku mutima, uba buri wa 29 Nzeri aho mu Rwanda uyu munsi wizihirijwe mu Karere ka Bugesera, hagaragajwe ko hakiri urugendo rukomeye kuko hari bamwe bakigendana ibitera iyi ndwara ariko batabizi kubera kutipimisha.

Mu minsi itanu ibanziriza uyu munsi, Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima, RBC ku bufatanye n’imiryango irimo uwita ku ndwara y’umutima wa Rwanda Heart Foundation, Ihuriro ry’Imiryango irwanya Indwara zitandura mu Rwanda, NCDs Alliance n’iyindi bakoze ibikorwa byo gupima izi ndwara.

Mu bantu bagera ku 1750, abagera kuri 220 basanganywe umuvuduko w’amaraso ukabije ndetse 81 muri bo ntibari babizi.

Mu kiganiro cyihariye yagiranye na IGIHE, Inzobere mu kuvura indwara z’umutima w’abana Prof. Mucumbitsi Joseph, yavuze ko ibi bihangayikishije kuko mu ndwara z’umutima zikomeje kwibasira Abanyarwanda ziterwa n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’amaraso aho wihariye 16,2% ku bari hejuru y’imyaka 35, mu gihe imibare yo mu 2012 yari 15,6%.

Ishami rya Loni ryita ku Buzima, OMS, rigaragaza ko umuvuduko w’amaraso ugenzuwe neza, mu 2050 hazagera abagera kuri miliyoni 76 batacyicwa n’umutima, miliyoni 120 batakigira strokes, miliyoni 79 batakigira ikibazo cyo kutagera mu mutima kw’amaraso ndetse bigakuraho abantu, bagira ikibazo cy’umutima udatera bangana na miliyoni 17,

Nubwo izo ndwara zihangayikishije, abaganga bazivura baracyari iyanga kuko nko mu Rwanda inzobere mu kuvura indwara z’umutima z’abana bidasabye kubabaga ari eshatu gusa, zikiyongera kuri yindi ifasha mu kubaga abo bana imaze umwaka umwe mu Rwanda.

Mu Rwanda kandi hari umuganga umwe ubaga indwara z’umutima zifata abantu bakuru.

Ni abaganga bangana batyo mu gihe byibuze abana bagera ku 150 buri mwaka bazanwa kwa muganga bafite ikibazo cy’umutima kiba gikeneye kugira icyo gikorwaho nko kubagwa n’ibindi.

Bisaba imyaka agahishyi ngo umuntu abe inzobere

Prof Mucumbitsi yavuze ko kugira ngo umuganga abe inzobere mu bijyanye no kuvura indwara z’umutima bitwara igihe kirekire gishobora kugeza ku myaka 15, kandi hejuru ya kimwe cya kabiri cyayo bakacyigira hanze.

Yerekanye ko urugendo rw’umuganga ushaka kuba inzobere mu kubaga umutima ruhera mu cyiciro cya Kabiri cya Kaminuza, aho yiga imyaka itanu y’ubuvuzi rusange (médecine générale), agakomereza ku imenyerezamwuga risaba umwaka umwe ari mu bitaro.

Rukomereza ku myaka ine mu masomo amugira inzobere mu ndwara z’umutima, aho ku biga kuvura umutima w’abana bahera ku ndwara z’abana (pédiatrie) mu gihe abavura umutima w’abakuru bihugura ku ndwara zo mu nda (médecine interne).

Iyo barangije ibyo byiciro bakomereza ku myaka itatu yo kwihugura ku kuvura umutima.

Prof Mucumbitsi ati “ushaka gukomeza mu bijyanye na ‘Cathétérisme’, (uburyo bwo kumenya amakuru y’uko umutima umeze batawubaze ahubwo hakoreshejwe imitsi iwushamikiyeho) na we yongeraho indi myaka nk’ibiri.”

Agaragaza ko abaganga bazobereye mu kubaga umutima bo bava mu bize kubaga umubiri bisanzwe, nyuma bagafata imyaka ine biga kubaga umutima, mu gihe abashaka kubaga umutima w’abana bo bongeraho indi myaka ibiri, akemeza ko ubu u Rwanda rwatangiye kubongera.

Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rufite abantu batatu bari kwiga kubaga umutima. Umwe ari muri Kenya, undi ari kwiga muri Israel, undi agiye kujya mu Buhinde.

Nubwo abo bari kwiga bazakenera ababafasha kuko umuganga atabaga wenyine, ahubwo aba ari umwe mu itsinda ry’abaganga bahuguwe ku ndwara z’umutima barimo n’usinziriza.

Abo bafasha nabo ngo baba bagomba kujya kwiga hanze kugira ngo itsinda ribaga ribe ryuzuye, akagaragaza ko bamwe muri bo b’Abanyarwanda bagiye kwiga muri Tanzania, mu Buhinde, ndetse no muri Israel hari abagiye kwigayo ibijyanye no gusunziriza.

Kugira ngo itsinda ry’abaganga ribage umutima w’umuntu, rigomba kuba rigizwe n’abaganga 20 baba bake bakaba 15.

Abo barimo ababaga byibuze babiri, umuganga usinziriza n’umuforomo umufasha n’uzobereye gukoresha imashini isimbura umutima n’ibihaha mu kuyungurura amaraso no kuyasubiza mu mubiri mu gihe umurwayi ari kubagwa.

Prof Mucumbitsi ati “Uyu munsi dufite babiri bize gukoresha iyo mashini n’ubwo batarabimenya bihagije”.

Nyuma iyo umurwayi asohotse mu ibagiro, haba hakenewe inzobere yo kwita kuri uwo murwayi by’umwihariko yize ibijyanye n’umutima, na yo ikeneye abaforomo byibuze bane bahuguwe ku ndwara z’umutima, bakora ijoro n’amanywa n’abandi.

Buri cyumweru habagwa habagwa abarwayi bagera ku munani, uwabazwe akaba yamara icyumweru mu bitaro harebwa niba umutima wavuwe neza, ibituma hakenerwa abaganga bahagije bita kuri uwo murwayi.

Amikoro make ku gihugu, umushahara ukiri hasi, mu bikomeje kugora u Rwanda

Kuba u Rwanda rukomeje kubura abaganga bavura umutima, biterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo kuba igihugu kitaragira ubushobozi haba mu bikorwaremezo ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga ryifashishwa kugira ngo umuntu abone ubumenyi buhagije, ibyo byose bigaterwa n’amafaranga make igihugu kiba gifite.

Prof. Mucumbitsi avuga ko imishahara mike na yo iri mu bibazo bituma abaganga b’umutima mu Rwanda batiyongera, kuko umuntu ashobora kumara iyo myaka yose, ariko akazahabwa umushahara udashimishije.

Ati “Nkanjye kuba ndi inzobere (sous-spécialiste) mu ndwara z’umutima mu bana ntabwo mpembwa menshi cyane kurusha uwize indwara z’abana gusa. Kwiga iyo myaka yose, ugasiga umuryango, wavayo ntuhembwe [bishimishije] na byo ni bimwe mu bikomeza ikibazo.”

Ku rundi ruhande ariko agaragaza ko nubwo bakora ubuvugizi, bijyana n’ubushobozi bwa leta iba igomba gusaranganya amafaranga mu mirimo yose, akagaragaza ko nubwo bizafata igihe yizeye ko bizagerwaho.

Yerekana impamvu ituma mu bindi bihugu umushahara w’abaganga wiyongera ari uko isoko ryaho mu batanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi bikorera riba ryagutse, « umuntu akaba yakorera leta n’ibyo bigo byigenga ariko mu Rwanda isoko ni rito. »

Hatewe intambwe

Prof Mucumbitsi avuga ko nubwo abaganga bavura umutima mu Rwanda ari bake, igihugu kigirana amasezerano y’imikoranire n’imiryango y’abagiraneza mu bihugu byateye imbere ikaza gutanga umusanzu mu kuvura no kubaga abo barwayi.

Ni imiryango iza mu Rwanda ikamara nk’icyumweru aho itsinda rimwe risiga byibuze ribaze abantu bagera ku munani.

Atanga urugero nko ku muryango wo mu Bubiligi wita ku buzima bw’abana witwa ‘La Chaîne de l’Espoir Belgique’ uherutse kuza mu Rwanda mu bana bagera ku 110 bafite ibibazo by’umutima, hatoranywamo abagera kuri 13 bo ku baga na 23 bagomba kuvurwa ariko hadasatuwe igituza, bigakorerwa hifashishijwe imitsi.

Ati « Abo bana bazabagwa mu minsi iri imbere. Muri abo urumva ko tuzavura abagera kuri 36. Ya mibare dufite izaba iri kugabanyuka. Ubu dufite ubufatanye n’imiryango itandukanye iza kudufasha kugabanya uyu mubare. »

Iryo tsinda ry’abaganga ryiyongera ku yandi nka Team Heart yo muri Leta ya Boston muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, itsinda ryari ryabanjirijwe n’irindi ryo muri Leta ya Texas, iryo muri Canada ndetse no mu mwaka utaha hazaza abo muri Israel bazaba bo bavura umutima umuntu atabazwe.

Ni gahunda yatangijwe mu 2007 ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima n’Ibitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal nk’ahantu abarwayi babagirwa.

Prof Mucumbitsi atangaza ko nubwo ku mwaka bakira abana bagera ku 150 bakeneye kugira icyo umutima wabo ukorwaho, ku rundi ruhande ikibazo gikomeje gukurikiranwa, “kuko nyuma y’umwaka umwe habonetse umuganga ubaga indwara z’umutima z’abana uhoraho mu Rwanda, hamaze kubagwa abana barenga 110.”

Ni umusaruro agaragaza ko ushimishije kuko mu bisanzwe hategerezwaga ko ya miryango y’abagiraneza iza gufasha mu kubaga abo bana n’abandi bake boherezwa hanze ku mafaranga ya leta, “ugasanga abatabonye ayo mahirwe bashobora kwicwa n’abategereza.»

Kuri ubu ngo hari icyizere kuko uretse abo bana 110 babagiwe mu Rwanda biyongera kuri bariya babagwa n’imiryango y’abagira neza, umwaka ukaba ushobora kurangira habazwe abarenga 200 barimo abana n’abakuru.

Ashimangira ko nubwo mu buvuzi hakirimo, ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, yizera ko bitarenze imyaka icumi iri imbere, u Rwanda ruzaba rufite itsinda ry’abaganga b’Abanyarwanda bose bazobereye kuvura no kubaga umutima ku buryo abazajya bava hanze bazajya baza baje gutera ingabo mu bitugu gusa.

Meya wa Bugesera Richard Mutabazi ari mu bapimwe umuvuduko w'amaraso

Mu Karere ka Bugesera hashize iminsi itanu abaturage bapimwa umuvuduko w'amaraso