Mu 2015 ni bwo hasohotse iteka rya Minisitiri rigena uko imirambo izajya itwikwa. Impamvu ni abantu bapfa buri munsi, bakenera aho gushyingurwa ariko ubutaka bashyingurwaho bwo butiyongera.

Ni ibintu byumvikana. Nk’imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) igaragaza ko abaturarwanda 36.021 bapfuye mu 2024. Aba baba bakeneye aho gushyingurwa.

Ikindi kibikomeza ni uko itegeko rigena imitunganyirize n’imikoreshereze y’amarimbi mu Rwanda, rigena ko ubutaka bwashyinguwemo bwakongera gukoreshwa nyuma y’imyaka 10, ku mva zidasanzwe bigasaba imyaka 20.

Ni ukuvuga ngo ahashyinguwe abarenga ibihumbi 37 mu 2024, hazongera gukoreshwa mu 2034 cyangwa mu 2044. Ni mu mwaka umwe gusa, ubwo ntituvuze abapfuye mu 2025, abazapfa mu 2026 gutyo n’indi myaka.

Gutwika imirambo, ni bumwe mu buryo bwo gushyingura uwapfuye bumenyerewe hirya no hino ku Isi, ariko ni n’uburyo butinyitse kuko bukora ku marangamutima y’abantu.

Si buri wese wakwihanganira kubona uwe bamushyira mu muriro uri ku kigero cy’ubushyuhe bwa 1000°C.

Hari ababikora kubera imyizerere yabo ishingiye ku migenzo gakondo cyangwa ku madini, gusa hakaba abandi babibona nk’uburyo bushobora gukomeretsa cyane amarangamutima y’abasigaye, mu gihe imitima yabo itabasha kwakira ko bari mu gahinda ko kubura uwabo, ngo banongereho kubona umurambo we ushya ugakongoka ugahinduka ivu, ari bo bafashe icyemezo cyo kuwutwika.

Inzobere mu mateka zigaragaza ko igihe gutwikira imirambo byatangiriye kitazwi neza, gusa bivugwa ko nko mu bihugu nk’u Bushinwa, byatangiye gukorwa mu myaka ya 8000 mbere ya Yezu, nubwo hirya no hino ku Isi byatangiye kwamamara mu mwaka wa 3000 mbere ya Yezu.

Bivugwa ko byahereye mu Burayi, bigakomereza mu Burasirazuba bw’Isi mu bihugu bya Aziya, bikabona gukwira ahandi.

Umuntu wapfuye mbere yo gutwikwa, bitewe n’imyememerere y’uwitabye Imana cyangwa se umuryango we, hari ubwo imihango yo kumusezeraho ibanza igakorwa mbere yo gutwika umurambo.

Umurambo urasuzumwa, bakabanza kureba niba nta byuma uwo mubiri ufite nk’imikufi, impeta n’ibindi bishobora guturika mu gihe cyo gutwika umurambo. Ibyo byose babikuramo.

Mu Rwanda iteka rya Minisitiri rivuga ko gusaba ko umurambo utwikwa bikorwa n’umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa undi yabihereye uburenganzira mbere y’urupfu.

Abahindu baba mu Rwanda, ni bo bonyine batanga serivisi yo gutwika imirambo nk'uburyo bwo gushyingura

Ubusabe bukorwa mu nyandiko cyangwa mu mvugo hari abatangabuhamya nibura babiri bafite imyaka y’ubukure.

Iri teka rivuga ko gutwika umurambo bikorwa hakoreshejwe ifuru yabigenewe, igomba kuba ifite amashanyarazi kandi ifite umuriro uhoraho ku buryo budahagarara, hakaba n’imashini y’agateganyo isimbura amashanyarazi igihe yabuze.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere k’aho umurambo uherereye ashobora kwemeza ko umurambo utwikwa igihe nta muntu uwusaba.

Iyo igenzura rirangiye, umurambo winjizwa mu cyumba cyabugenewe gitwikirwamo imirambo cyangwa se ifuru. Ntabwo byemewe ko icyo cyumba cyinjizwamo umurambo urenze umwe.

Icyo cyumba kiba kirimo ubushyuhe buri ku kigero cyo dogere Celsius ziri hagati ya 600 na 1000, umurambo ugatangira gutwikwa.

Iki gikorwa cyose kimara nk’amasaha atatu, hagasigara icyakwitwa ivu nubwo mu buryo nyabwo aba atari ivu, ahubwo aba ari ibice by’amagufa ku buryo bisaba kuyanyuza mu yindi mashini iyasya neza, kugira ngo ahinduke nk’ifu.

Ibisigazwa by’umurambo watwitswe ku mugabo biba bipima ibilo bigera kuri 2.7 mu gihe ku mugore aba ari ikilo 1.8.

Mu Rwanda iteka rya Minisitiri rigaragaza ko ivu ryavuye mu murambo rifatwa nk’umutungo w’umuryango w’uwapfuye cyangwa Leta.

Abagize umuryango bashobora kwemeranya ko ivu rishyirwa mu gikoresho kimwe cyabugenewe cyangwa bagabagabana ivu uko babyifuza.

Ivu riri mu gikoresho cyabugenewe rishyingurwa ku irimbi rusange, irimbi ryihariye, mu rugo cyangwa ahandi hantu hagenwa n’abagize umuryango w’uwapfuye cyangwa Leta ku muntu wapfuye adafite umuryango.

Mu Rwanda hamaze gutwikirwa bantu 28

Nyuma y’imyaka 10 gutwika imiramo mu Rwanda byemewe, Abanyarwanda ntibarabiyoboka kuko bikorwa n’abanyamahanga, bikajyana n’umuco w’Abanyarwanda batarumva neza iyi gahunda.

Uko kutabyumva bituma n’abashoramari bagaragaza impungenge ko bashobora gushora imari yabo muri iyi mirimo nko kugura imashini ariko bakaba babura abantu bashyingura muri ubu buryo bagahomba.

Ubu serivisi yo gutwika imirambo mu Rwanda itangwa n’ikigo cy’Abahinde bo mu Idini ry’Abahindu baba cyangwa bakorera mu Rwanda, bikajyana n’uko na bo babyemera.

Babikorera aho bari basanzwe bafite irimbi mu mu Rwanda mu Kagari ka Murama, Umurenge wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera.

Ni imirimo yakorerwaga mu Mujyi wa Kigali aho Abahinde bari bafite urusengero ari na ho batwikiraga imirambo y’ababo, nyuma basaba kwimurirwa i Bugesera ahitaruye ibikorwa by’abaturage.

Abahinde ni bo bonyine batanga serivisi yo gutwika imirambo mu Rwanda

Aho iki gikorwaremezo cyashyizwe ntiharagera amashanyarazi, ibituma imashini zakoreshwaga mbere zitajyanwayo. Ubu hifashishwa inkwi mu gihe hategerejwe amashanyarazi.

Bumvikanye na Leta bemeye ko bazajya batanga iyi serivisi no ku bandi babyifuza yaba abo mu mahanga n’Abanyarwanda.

Mu 2024 muri iki gikorwaremezo hatwikiwe imirambo y’abanyamahanga 13. Kuva muri Mutarama 2025 kugeza mu Ugushyingo 2025 hari hamaze gutwikwa indi 15 harimo n’umurambo w’Umunyarwanda umwe.

IGIHE yasuye ahatwikirwa imirambo mu Karere ka Bugesera. Twahasanze Manirafasha Isron utanga serivisi zo gutwika imirambo adusobanurira byinshi kuri iyi mirimo.

Ni umugabo umaze imyaka 10 akora iyi mirimo. Mbere agitangira abantu babanzaga kumwishisha ariko bagera aho bamumenyera, uyu munsi ni akazi kamutunze ndetse akorana umurava.

Karamutunze kuko kamufasha gutunga umuryango, ndetse inzu ye, moto n’isambu ahingamo ni byo agakesha.

Ni akazi yarangiwe n’umuyobozi we bari baziranye, baraganira, abanza kukamwumvisha.

Ati “Ku munsi wa mbere hazamo ubwoba, ariko iyo uri kumwe n’abandi burashira keretse ubaye uri wenyine. Twaramuteruye ndacanira. Ikintu kigoranye ni ukumuterura ibindi byo biba byoroshye.”

Abazanye umurabo mu gihe amabwiriza asabwa yose yakurikijwe, Manirafasha yavuze ko hari igihe babanza gusezera, umurambo ugashyirwa ahabugenewe, imihango yose yarangira, akazi ka Manirafasha kagatangira.

Ati “Turamuterura tukamushyira aha hejuru (ku gatanda) haba hariho inkwi, akazi kagatangira.”

Umwe mu bo mu muryango bamuha ikibiriti agacana uwo muriro bisa no gutangiza igikorwa cyo gushyingura, agakongeza bikaka.

Muri iyi mirimo kandi hirindwa ingaruka zagera ku baturiye hafi y’aho biri gukorerwa nko kwirinda umunuko w’umurambo uri gutwikwa.

Manirafasha ati “Tubanzaho inkwi, hejuru yazo tugashyiraho umurambo, hejuru ye tugashyiraho izindi nkwi. Ushyiraho amavuta yabugenewe atuma umuriro waka, bagashyiramo n’utundi tuntu dutuma haza umwuka mwiza.”

Iki gikorwa kimara amasaha ane, Manirafasha ari kuri iri tanura, ari kumwe na nyir’umurambo ategereje ivu ry’uwe.

Mu mashini zabugenewe ho iki gikorwa gishobora kumara amasaha agera kuri abiri, bitewe n’ingano y’umurambo watwitswe n’ubwoko bw’imashini yakoreshejwe n’ikigero cy’ubushyuhe.

Manirafasha avuga ko iyo umurambo umaze gukongoka, ushaka ivu ry’uwe bamwongereraho nk’isaha irenga kuri ya masaha ane, rya vu rigahora.

Ati “Iyo umuriro uzimye dutangira dukuramo amagufa n’iryo vu, hari utuntu twabugenewe dukoresha tuyakura mu makara asanzwe. Ya magufa ni yo asigara, aba asa n’umweru aba agaragara.”

Uhabwa serivisi muri iki kigo, yishyura ibisabwa byose kugira ngo umurambo utwikwe, nk’amafaranga yishyurwa imodoka igeza umurambo aho utwikirwa, gukodesha isanduku yo kuwutwaramo, kugura inkwi zo kuwutwika, amavuta akoreshwa mu muriro, ibinyabutabire bifasha mu kwirinda umwuka mubi, kwishyura abakora icyo gikoerwa n’ibindi. Igiciro cyose bitwara kigera ku bihumbi 350 Frw.

Ni igikorwa Abahinde batanga nk’ubufasha kuko bataratangira kubikora nk’uburyo bw’ubucuruzi bwinjiza amafaranga.

Biteganyijwe ko hazashyirwa ibiciro mu gihe imashini zabugenewe zizaba zahageze, n’amashanyarazi yahageze.

Umuvugizi w’Umujyi wa Kigali, Emma Claudine Ntirenganya, yagaragaje ko nk’umujyi utuwe cyane kurusha ahandi mu Rwanda, gushishikariza abantu ubu buryo bwo gushyingura imirambo ari ingenzi, ariko Abanyarwanda bakigishwa banatwarwa gake kuko ari ibintu bikora ku mitima y’abantu.

Ati “Iyo ibintu bikora ku mitima y’abantu kenshi gisaba urugendo runini n’imyaka myinshi ngo gishyirwe mu bikorwa. Ikiba gikomeye cyane ni uko nk’igihugu gifata uwo murongo kigashyiraho iyo politiki ituma ibyo bikorwa ku buryo n’umuntu washaka kubikora nta tegeko ryamutangira ahubwo rimworohereza.”

Aka kuma ni ko gatwikirwaho imirambo hifashishijwe inkwi, kuko agace bikorerwamo i Bugesera hataragezwa amashanyarazi ngo hifashishwe imashini zabugenewe

Ushaka ko batwika umurambo w'uwe, yishyura ari hagati y'ibihumbi 300 Frw n'ibihumbi 350 Frw

Manirafasha Isron amaze imyaka 10 akora akazi ko gutwika imirambo mu Rwanda