Ibi Ingabire Claudine na Shema Senga Mike babyumva neza kuko bamaze hafi imyaka 18 bayunguruza amaraso inshuro eshatu mu cyumweru ndetse byageze n’aho bajya ku basimburiza impyiko mu mahanga ariko biba iby’ubusa, zipfa hadaciye kabiri.

Ni igikorwa cyigonderwa na bake kuko inshuro imwe uwiyishyurira 100% yatangaga agera ku bihumbi 50 Frw. Ukubye inshuro 12 mu kwezi, usanga aya mafaranga agera ku bihumbi 600 Frw ku kwezi. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yabonye ari umutwaro uremereye abarwayi, ishyira iyi serivisi kuri mituweli.

Mu 2024 ku Isi habarurwaga abarwayi bakabakaba ibihumbi 400 bo mu bihugu 74 bategereje gusimburizwa impyiko. Impamvu ni uko kubona ukwishingira akayiguha ari undi musozi wo kurira kuko biba bisaba umuntu ufite ubuzima buzira umuze kandi muhuje amaraso n’ibijyana na yo, n’iyo umubonye kuyishyigushyiramo bikaba ikindi.

Imibare igaragaza ko mu 2018, abasimburijwe impyiko bari ibihumbi birenga 95 mu Isi. Ubwo abo zanze gukora nyuma yo kuzishyiramo na bo bari benshi.

Iyo ubuze ugusimburiza impyiko kuko na none uba ugomba kubaho, uba usabwa kuyunguruza amaraso yawe ibizwi nka ‘dialyse’.

Imibare igaragaza ko abantu miliyoni 10,5 bakeneye gukoresha ubu buryo bwifashisha imashini busimbura umumaro w’impyiko ziba zarangiritse.

Uyu mugogoro wagabanyirijweho ubukana mu Rwanda kuko bitagisaba kujya mu Buhinde, ahubwo mu Bitaro Byitiriwe Umwami Faisal (KFH) basigaye babikora ndetse iyi serivisi iratanga icyizere.

Imyaka 18 ku mashini iyungurura amaraso

Ingabire Claudine wo mu Karere ka Kicukiro, ari muri aba. Amaze imyaka 18 ayunguruza amaraso gatatu mu cyumweru adasiba na rimwe kuko gusiba bisobanuye urupfu. Kwangirika kw’impyiko ze byatewe n’indwara yagize ubwo yari muto cyane.

Mu Rwanda hataragera uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyungurura amaraso bigezweho hifashishisha imashini, hakoreshwaga uburyo buzwi nka “dialyse péritonéale” bwifashisha amazi asanzwe mu gusukura imyanda.

Ati “Bakubaga ku nda ahantu hato bagashyiramo agapira. Haba hari amazi ugenda uhinduranya ushyiramo amwe, ushyiramo andi, ukabikora inshuro enye ku munsi.”

Ni uburyo bwari bugoye kuko byasabaga kuba mu bitaro hirindwa indwara zaziramo cyane cyane iziturutse ku mwanda.

Kuko yari umuntu uzobereye ibyo kwa muganga, bamwemereye kujya mu rugo akaba ari ho abikorera kugeza uburyo bushya bw’imashini zigezweho (hémodialyse) butangijwe mu Rwanda mu mpera za 2010, abakoreshaga amazi babwimukiraho.

Ingabire ati "Nageze aho nishyurirwa na Leta ariko mbere nabanje kwiyishyurira ku gukoresha uburyo bw’amazi, wakoraga imibare ukabona ni nka miliyoni 1,2 Frw, ikiguzi cy’imiti kitarimo n’amatike. Natangiye kuyunguruza amaraso mfashwa na Leta. Kuva ubwo kugeza uyu munsi ndacyayunguruza amaraso.”

Basimburijwe impyiko, zangirika zitamaze kabiri

Uretse ko ubu impyiko zisigaye zisimburirwa mu Rwanda, mu myaka yo hambere byabaga bigoye, kuko kenshi byakorerwaga mu Buhinde.

Ni igikorwa cyahendaga ku buryo bitajya munsi ya miliyoni 29 z’Amadolari kandi mu cyumweru kimwe, kuko byasabaga ko umurwayi ajyana umuha impyiko, umwitaho, uyimushyiramo, amatike, ibyo kurya n’ibindi.

Na Ingabire yagize amahirwe umuvandimwe we amuha impyiko mu 2014, ndetse afashwa na Leta n’umuryango we arayisimburizwa bigenda neza, ageze no mu Rwanda ubuzima burahinduka.

Ati "Ariko bigeze hagati, imiti navuye mu Buhinde mfata yaje kubura biba ngombwa ko bampa iyisimbura. Nagize ikibazo umubiri wanjye ntiwayakira.”

Tariki ya 18 Werurwe, KFH yizihije umunsi wahariwe kwita ku mpyiko

Ingabire yavuze ko muri icyo gihe byasabye kohereza ibizamini mu mahanga, imiti iba nyinshi mu maraso, arayihagarika, akomeza kwihangana icyakora mu 2020 byanga burundu, asubira ku kuyungururisha amaraso kugeza n’uyu munsi.

Ni na ko byagenze kuri Shema Senga Mike utuye i Gikondo. Yari afite impyiko zangiririjwe n’ibyo akeka ko ari diabete. Amaze imyaka irindwi ayunguruza amaraso akabikora gatatu mu cyumweru.

Ati "Narwaye mu 2019, mu 2022 nabonye umpa impyiko mbifashwamo na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima. Icyo gihe ntabwo muri KFH basimbuzaga impyiko. Byakorewe mu Buhinde. Naje kugira ibyago, impyiko bampaye umubiri urayanga nta n’ukwezi gushize mpita ngaruka kuri dialyse. Ntabwo nzi icyabiteye, nasubiyeyo basanga byaranze."

Shema agaragaza ko n’ubu agitegereje uwamufasha akamuha indi mpyiko kuko umuntu ashobora gusimburizwa inshuro nyinshi ariko akemeza ko abantu batarabohoka ngo babe bakumva neza iby’ubu bugiraneza.

Bose bashimira Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kuba yarashyize ubuvuzi bw’impyiko kuri mituweli kuko kuyunguruza amaraso ubwabyo byonyine bitwara amafaranga menshi cyane umuntu utifite atabasha kubona.

Shema ati "Ubu maze amasaha ane imashini imfasha kuyungurura amaraso. Tugera aha mu gitondo, saa sita tuba turangije tugiye mu yindi mirimo. Nanjye ubu ngiye mu mirimo. Leta yarakoze cyane kuko amikoro y’Umunyarwanda aba ari make."

Ibyo kunywa biritonderwa

Umuganga w’impyiko ukorera muri KFH, Dr Kavabushi Patrick, yagaragaje ko bijyanye n’uko ufite impyiko zangiritse aba atacyihagarika, ari ngombwa kwitwararika mu byo anywa.

Ati "Ntabwo aba agomba kunywa nk’undi muntu wese ufite impyiko nzima. Kubera ko anyoye byinshi amazi aba menshi kandi atari busohoke, yaza no guhumeka byanga, yabyimba umubiri wose.”

Mu kwizihiza umunsi wahariwe kwita ku mpyiko, KFH yazirikanye abayungururiza amaraso muri ibi bitaro

Dr Kavabushi yavuze ko bene aba bafite impyiko ziba zitagikora na busa basabwa kunywa bike, bakibanda mu biryo byifitemo amazi.

Urwaye impyiko, aramutse agize inyota nko mu gihe cy’izuba, Dr Kavabushi yavuze ko biba ari ikibazo gikomeye ku murwayi ari yo mpamvu hari ubwo babagira inama zitandukanye.

"Ushobora gufata amazi ukayashyira mu kanwa, ugacira cyangwa ugafata ‘ice’ ugashyira mu kanwa kugira ngo ugabanye uko gushaka amazi cyane.” Ni ko yasubije umunyamakuru wamubajije uko bigenda iyo umurwayi agize inyota, agaragaza ko umurwayi agomba kugabanya ibiryo birimo umunyu.

Ku bijyanye n’abasimburizwa impyiko ariko ntizikore, Dr. Kavabushi yavuze ko biterwa n’impamvu nyinshi zirimo indwara zatumye impyiko zirwara zitarakira, imiti umuntu ahabwa n’ubwirinzi buke bw’umubiri.

Dr. Kavabushi yatangaje ko mu byo umuntu muzima agomba kwitaho mu kubungabunga impyiko ze, harimo kwisuzumisha kuko indwara z’uru rugingo zitagira ibimenyetso, kwirinda imiti yakwangiriza impyiko no kubaho ubuzima bufite intego hirindwa itabi, umubyibuho ukabije n’ibindi byinshi.

Abaganga b’Abanyarwanda bafite ubumenyi bwo gusimbuza impyiko

Muri Gicurasi 2023 ni bwo Ibitaro Byitiriwe Umwami Faisal byatangije ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza impyiko zirwaye, bwari busanzwe butangirwa hanze yiIgihugu kandi bihenze cyane.

Ni ibintu byagiye bitera imbere umunsi ku wundi, ku buryo ubu muri ibi bitaro hamaze gusimburizwa impyiko abantu 89 kandi bose bameze neza, nta kibazo bafite.

Ubwo hizihizwaga umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kubungabunga impyiko, Umuyobozi Mukuru Ushinzwe Ubuvuzi muri KFH, Dr. Sendegeya Augustin, yabwiye IGIHE ko ubu umubare w’abasimburirwa impyiko ukomeje kwiyongera.

Ati "Ubu abamaze gusimburizwa impyiko ni 89 kandi byagenze neza. Twishimira kandi ko gahunda yo gusimbuza impyiko yajyanye no guhugura abaganga b’Abanyarwanda, ubu twishimira ko kuva muri Mutarama 2026, tubikora nk’uko dutanga izindi serivisi zo kubaga, kuko hari abaganga b’Abanyarwanda babasha kubikora batari kumwe n’abo mu mahanga.”

Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe ubuvuzi muri KFH, Dr. Sendegeya Augustin, yavuze ko abamaze gusimburiza impyiko muri ibi bitaro ari 89