Uru rugendo rwashibutsemo isezerano ryavuye ibwami ryemerera u Rwanda inkunga yo kubaka Ingoro Ndangamurage y’Igihugu izabikwamo amateka agaragaza uko ibinyejana byasimburanye.

Mu 1971 nibwo umushinga watangiye hakorwa ubushakashatsi bw’ibyifashishijwe n’ibyashyizwe muri iyo ngoro.

Umubiligi w’Umunyabugeni mu guhanga ibishushanyo mbonera by’inyubako, Lode Van Pee ni we wakusanyije ibitekerezo ku miterere y’iyo ngoro yashushanyaga umuco gakondo n’imibereho by’Abanyarwanda.

Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe ry’Iterambere ry’Umuco muri INMR, Ndikumana Isidore, mu kiganiro yahaye IGIHE yavuze amavu n’amavuko y’ingoro mu Rwanda.

Mu rugendo rwe mu rwa Gasabo, Baudouin wabaye Umwami wa Gatanu w’u Bubiligi, yanyuze mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubushakashatsi (Institut National de Recherches Scientifique -INRS), yerekwa ibyahakorerwaga ariko ahatangira isezerano ryasohoye nyuma y’imyaka icyenda.

Yagize ati “Amaze kugisura harimo icyumba kimwe cyagaragazaga ibintu bimwe biranga amateka y’u Rwanda. Yabonye ko ari hato agereranyije n’ibyo yari yamurikiwe haba mu mbyino n’ibindi biranga umuco w’Abanyarwanda.’’

Umwami Baudouin yahise yemera gutanga impano yo kubaka ingoro y’umurage yagutse yamurikirwamo umuco n’amateka by’u Rwanda.

Iyi nzu yari yubatswe mu buryo bugezweho iracyahari kugeza magingo aya; bimwe mu bimurikirwamo na byo bimaze imyaka 30.

Mu gihe cyo kubaka Ingoro nibwo ubushakashatsi bwo gutara ibintu ndangamurage mu Rwanda bwakorwaga n’abashakashatsi b’Ababiligi [Bo mu Ngoro ibitse amateka ya Afurika yo Hagati mu gihe cy’Ubukoloni, Africa Museum [Royal Museum for Central Africa] ibitse imibereho yo hambere yaba iy’Abanyarwanda n’iy’abo mu bihugu byo mu Karere] n’Abanyarwanda.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorwaga muri buri mezi atandatu bwibandaga ku mibereho, amateka, imiterere y’u Rwanda, ururimi, abaturage, ubuhinzi, ubworozi, ubuhigi, ububoshyi, ububaji, imyambarire n’ibindi.

Abashakashatsi banacukumbuye amateka y’u Rwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu.

Ndikumana yagize ati “Banacukumburaga amateka y’u Rwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu, mbere y’ivuka rya Yesu berekana ibyari bigize amateka babikorera ubushakashatsi, bakandika inyandiko, bagafata amafoto, n’ibikoresho aho bishoboka.”

Umushinga wo kubaka iyo ngoro watangiye mu 1987 usozwa mu 1989. Muri uwo mwaka tariki ya 18 Nzeri nibwo yatashywe ku mugaragaro.

Ingoro y’Umurage y’Amateka y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda iri mu marembo y’Akarere ka Huye. Yatashywe mu birori byahuje imbaga iyobowe n’abarimo Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens wari Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Bubiligi.

Byari ibihe by’imbonekarimwe mu maso y’Abanyarwanda kubona ingoro yakusanyirijwemo ibintu bitandukanye biranga amateka n’umuco wabo.

Ingoro y’Umurage yayobowe bwa mbere na Ntigashira Simon, wasimbuwe na Bazatsinda Thomas aza kuvaho, nyuma ya Jenoside asimburwa na Prof. Kanimba Célestin.

Ukinjira mu Karere ka Huye hari Ingoro y’Umurage y’Amateka y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda. Amarembo yayo atamirijweho amacumu, ashushanya uko Abanyarwanda ba kera bitabaraga, n’amahembe y’inka agaragaza agaciro k’inka mu muco Nyarwanda. Ni yo mfura mu ngoro ndangamurage umunani ziri mu Rwanda

Jenoside yashegeshe imikorere y’Ingoro

Ingoro y’Umurage y’Amateka y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda yakoze imyaka ine, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 iba irabaye, ikoma mu nkokora imikorere yayo.

Mu gihe cya Jenoside, mudasobwa ebyiri, intebe n’ameza byari biyirimo byarasahuwe ariko igice cy’imurika nticyagezweho. Mu bakozi 15 yari ifite, yasigaranye abagera kuri babiri gusa. Imirimo yayo yongeye gusubukurwa mu 1996 mu isura nshya.

Kimwe n’izindi nzego, ingoro na yo yari ikeneye kwiyubaka bifatika ndetse nyuma y’imyaka 10 yatangiye kugaba amashami, kuri ubu zimaze kuba umunani.

Ishami rya mbere ryabaye Ingoro y’Amateka Kamere yahinduwe iyo kwa Richard Kandt [Ugushyingo 2004], Ingoro y’Ubuhanzi n’Ubugeni ku Rwesero [2006], Ingoro y’Abami i Nyanza mu Rukari [2008], Ingoro y’Abaperezida (Yahindutse iy’Ubugeni n’Ubuhanzi) i Kanombe [2009], Ingoro y’Ibidukikije i Karongi [Nyakanga 2015] n’Ingoro y’Amateka y’Urugamba rwo Guhagarika Jenoside [Ukuboza 2017].

Ingoro z’Umurage zishyirwaho hasuzumwe ingingo zitandukanye rikemezwa n’iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe nyuma yo kubahiriza ibisabwa birimo izina n’ibindi.

Ingoro z’u Rwanda zivugururwa bijyanye n’igihe mu kwimakaza intego yo gusigasira umurage gakondo, gukusanya no kubika neza amateka no kwigisha ab’ikinyejana kizaza.

Ndikumana yavuze ko ingoro z’umurage zifite inshingano zo gukomeza gukusanya ibintu birimo gucika cyangwa bikendera.

Yagize ati “Hari gahunda yo kwegera urubyiruko nko kujya mu bigo by’amashuri tukagenda tujyanye bimwe mu bikoresho biranga umuco wacu, tukajyana n’amashusho ngo tubereke bimwe mu biri muri za ngoro zacu.’’

Yagaragaje ko mu gusigasira amateka hari uruhare rufatika ingoro zibigiramo.

Ati “Uvuze uko Jenoside yagenze hano muri Kigali abantu basura ku Gisozi bakareba ubukana bwayo, ariko iyo umaze gusura Ingoro yo mu Nteko [Ahahoze hitwa CND [Conseil National pour le Développement] utaha uvuze uti ibintu mbonye noneho imbaraga zakoreshejwe kugira ngo Jenoside ihagarikwe. Uyu munsi iyo ugiye mu rukari usohokamo umenye amateka y’abami mu Rwanda uko bakurikiranye, imibereho yabo n’uko bayoboye.’’

Mu rwego rwo gutoza abakiri bato gukurana umuco, hashyirwaho gahunda y’ibiruhuko mu ngoro z’umurage w’u Rwanda, aho abana bazituriye bigishwa ibijyanye n’umuco, amateka, indangagaciro, imbyino n’imivugo.

Imibare y’abasura ingoro yikubye inshuro zisaga 100

Ikigo cy’Ingoro z’Igihugu z’Umurage w’u Rwanda (INMR) gifite imikorere ituma kiba mu bafatanyabikorwa b’imena mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku bukerarugendo.

Abasura ingoro ndangamurage bahaha ubumenyi ariko na bo bagatanga ikiguzi cyoroheje gifasha mu kuzitaho.

Mbere ya Jenoside abasura ingoro y’umurage y’u Rwanda bageraga ku 2000 ku mwaka. Iyi mibare yarazamutse igera ku 8000 nyuma ya Jenoside mu gihe mu 2010, ingoro y’i Huye n’iyo mu Rukari zasurwaga n’abasaga 80 000.

Imibare yo mu 2018 igaragaza ko Ingoro z’Umurage w’u Rwanda zasuwe n’abarenga ibihumbi 230.

Mu myaka itatu ishize, amafaranga yavuye mu madevize y’abasura ingoro z’u Rwanda ni miliyoni 170 Frw; mu 2016-2017 yari miliyoni 210 Frw mu gihe mu 2018/2019 yari miliyoni 300 Frw.

INMR ni ikigo cyatangiye cyitwa Reji y’Ingoro y’Umurage w’u Rwanda ubwo yafunguraga ku mugaragaro kuwa 18 Nzeri 1989 hatahwa imurika ku mibereho y’Abanyarwanda bo hambere mu Ngoro y’i Huye.

Kiritegura kwizihiza imyaka 30 gifunguye iyo ngoro ari nayo yaje kubyara izindi zirindwi. Ni ibirori byo kwizihiza intambwe ifatika yatewe binyuze mu byinjizwa biturutse ku mutungo uzishyinguyemo.

Ibi birori byahawe umwihariko w’umuco Nyarwanda bizarangwa n’igitaramo, umutambagiro n’umwiyereko w’inyambo, imyambarire n’amafunguro Nyarwanda; bizabera i Huye mu Ngoro y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda ku wa 27 Nzeri 2019.

Amoko atandukanye y'inyamaswa ziba mu Rwanda wayabona mu Ngoro y'Ibidukikije i Karongi

Ingoro y'Abami mu Rukari iri mu zisurwa cyane

Inka z'inyambo zitamirijwe imitako irimo inkomo ifite incunda zitembera mu ruhanga n’igikubwe kiri mu ijosi

Ingoro y’Umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa yubatswe n’Ababiligi mu mwaka wa 1932

Ingoro y’Ubugeni n’Ubuhanzi iherereye i Kanombe mu nyubako y’amateka, yacumbikiye abaperezida batandukanye bayoboye u Rwanda mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi

Mu Ngoro y'Ubugeni n'Ubuhanzi i Kanombe uhasanga ibihangano bitandukanye by'Abanyarwanda

Indaki Perezida Kagame yabagamo ku Murindi mu gihe cy'urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu ni hamwe mu hakurura ba mukerarugendo

Reba mu ncamake amashusho akwinjiza mu Ngoro Ndangamurage zibumbatiye umuco gakondo w’u Rwanda

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