Tujyane mu bwami bw’inzovu, mu rugendo rw’amasaha atatu uvuye i Beijing mu ndege

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Tujyane mu bwami bw’inzovu, mu rugendo rw’amasaha atatu uvuye i Beijing mu ndege

Yanditswe na Mugisha Christian

Kuya 19 July 2026 saa 08:04

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Ushobora kuba utekereza ko uzi neza icyo kwitega mu gihe wasuye u Bushinwa nk’imijyi minini cyane, ikirere gisa neza, n’ibikorwaremezo bigezweho utasanga ahandi. Gusa hari agace kihishe ku mpera z’ikarita y’iki gihugu, aho ubuzima butandukanye, bikundira inzovu kurusha ibindi kandi bizera urumuri. Aka gace namaze kukageramo.

Ushobora kuba utekereza ko uzi neza icyo kwitega mu gihe wasuye u Bushinwa nk’imijyi minini cyane, ikirere gisa neza, n’ibikorwaremezo bigezweho utasanga ahandi. Gusa hari agace kihishe ku mpera z’ikarita y’iki gihugu, aho ubuzima butandukanye, bakunda inzovu kurusha ibindi kandi bizera urumuri. Aka gace namaze kukageramo.

Ni Xishuangbanna [soma Shyishuwangibaana], ahantu heza cyane mu Majyepfo y’Intara ya Yunnan. Imibereho yaho n’ibihabera nta handi wabisanga mu Bushinwa.

Nyuma y’amasaha atatu n’igice gusa mu ndege mvuye mu bushyuhe bwinshi i Beijing, nisanze mu Isi nshya ntigeze ntekereza.

Mbere gato y’uko indege igera ku butaka, narebye mu kirahure hakurya mbona imisozi miremire cyane yuzuye ibiti byinshi, ku buryo mu kanya gato natekereje ko nsubiye mu misozi y’ibirunga iwacu mu Rwanda.

Nkiva mu ndege, nakiriwe n’ikirere kimeze neza gitanga amahumbezi, itandukaniro rinini ugereranyije n’ubushyuhe bwinshi nari nsize inyuma mu Murwa Mukuru.

Kugira ngo wumve neza ubwiza bw’aha hantu, ugomba kureba imiterere ihatandukanya n’ahandi ku Isi, ihaha umwihariko. Intera yo ku kirere kuva i Beijing ugera i Jinghong; Umurwa Mukuru wa Xishuangbanna, ni hafi ibilometero 2.200.

Uhagiye ukoresheje gari ya moshi yihuta cyane nk’inshya ihuza u Bushinwa na Laos, urugendo rwaba ibilometero 2.600 uvuye kuri sitasiyo y’Amajyepfo ya Beijing. Ni mu gihe ukoresheje imodoka mu mihanda minini byatuma urugendo rurenga ibilometero 2.700.

Nkurikije ibarura rusange rya karindwi ryo mu 2020, abaturage batuye iyi ntara bagera kuri 1.301.407, aho Umujyi wa Jinghong utuwe n’abagera kuri 642.000.

Abantu bo mu bwoko bwa Dai bagera kuri 330.000; bakaba bagize hafi ¼ cy’abaturage bose. Bahasangiye n’abo mu bundi bwoko nka Han, Hani, Yi, na Lahu.

Ubutumburuke bw’uyu mujyi n’imipaka yayo biri mu bihabindura ahadasanzwe. Xishuangbanna ifite ibilometero 966 isangiraho imipaka n’ibindi bihugu.

Mu Majyepfo y’Uburengerazuba hari umupaka wa kilometero 288 uhahuza na Leta ya Shan muri Myanmar akaba ari naho hari icyambu cya Daluo-Muse. Mu Majyepfo y’Iburasirazuba, hari umupaka wa kilometero 677 ukugeza muri Laos mu ntara za Luang Namtha na Oudomxay.

Xishuangbanna iri ku butumburuke butandukanye aho nko mu kibaya cy’umugezi wa Lancang hafi ya Laos, hari ku butumburuke bwa metero 477 gusa hejuru y’inyanja, byagera mu mpinga y’umusozi wa Huazhu bukagera kuri metero 2.429.

Kubera ko Xishuangbanna iherereye ku murongo w’ubushyuhe, ubutumburuke bwayo ni bwo bugena ibihe kurusha amerekezo yayo ku ikarita.

Ku butumburuke bwo hasi munsi ya metero 800, haba ikirere cy’imvura nyinshi n’ubushyuhe, aho ikigereranyo cyabwo mu mwaka ari dogere celcius 21,9.

Nta gihe cy’ubukonje bwinshi kihaba, ahubwo haba gusa igihe cy’imvura kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza mu Ukwakira, ishobora kugera kuri milimetero 1.600; n’igihe cy’izuba gikonjemo gato kuva mu Ugushyingo kugeza muri Mata.

Ku rundi ruhande, mu bice biri ku butumburuke bwo hejuru ya metero 1.500 haba ikirere cyiza, aho ku mwaka igipimo kigera kuri 17°C.

Mu gihe cy’imvura n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, imisozi miremire yaho ikora nk’ubuhungiro bw’ibinyabuzima, ikamanura ubushyuhe ku gipimo cya dogere runaka igatuma inyamaswa zizamuka hejuru zikahabona ubuturo [vertical migrations].

Umutima w’aka gace ni abantu bo mu bwoko bwa Dai, aho abakurambere babo bimutse bava mu Kibaya cya Yangtze bagana mu majyepfo mu bice bikikije umugezi wa Mekong mu myaka irenga 2.000 ishize.

Ahagana mu kinyejana cya munani, bashinze ubwami bwigenga bwa Mengle, ariko bakomeza kwemera abami b’Abashinwa nk’abayobozi bakomeye, bakajya babohereza ituro n’impano nk’ikimenyetso cyo kububaha, ariko ahanini biyobora ubwabo.

Nyuma yaho, ku ngoma za Ming na Qing, u Bushinwa bwabashyize munsi y’ubutegetsi bwabwo bwemewe n’amategeko, buhindura abayobozi babo abatware bemejwe na guverinoma.

Ururimi rwabo rwitwa Tai Lue, rubarizwa mu ishami rya Tai y’Amajyepfo y’Uburengerazuba mu muryango w’indimi za Kra-Dai.

Ni rwo rurimi ruhuza aka gace na Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Iburasirazuba kuko rusa n’ururimi rwa Lao rukoreshwa muri Laos ku gipimo cya 75% kugeza kuri 80% mu mivugire.

Rufitanye isano ya hafi n’ururimi rwa Thai Lanna muri Thailand. Runafitanye isano y’amagambo ahuye n’ururimi rwa Thai rukoreshwa muri Thailand yo Hagati ku rugero rwa 65% na 60% ku rurimi rwa Shan.

Xishuangbanna, iwabo w’inzovu

Mu rugendo rwanjye rw’iminota 30 mva ku kibuga cy’indege nerekeza kuri hoteli nagombaga kubamo iminsi mike, nabonye ibibumbano by’inzovu bibarirwa muri za mirongo ku mihanda.

Cyari ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’uko ninjiye mu mujyi w’inzovu, ahantu amateka y’abantu n’izi nyamaswa nini cyane ahura mu buryo budashobora kwirengagizwa.

Mu kinyejana cya cumi, inyandiko z’amateka zigaragaza ko amashyo y’inzovu zo mu gasozi yabarirwaga mu bihumbi muri aka gace. Aba Dai bazubahaga nk’ikimenyetso cy’ububasha bw’ibwami.

Inzovu zatozwaga kujya ku rugamba rwo kurwanya ibitero by’aba Burmese n’aba Khmer, zikifashishwa mu gukurura ibiti binini cyane by’inganzamarumbo bipima kugeza kuri toni 1,5 kugeza mu myaka ya za 1980, zikanakoreshwa mu mihango izwi nka ‘Water-Splashing Festival’ iba muri Mata.

Mu myaka ya za 1940 abahanga biga imiterere n’umuco by’abantu banditse ko amategeko agenga umuco w’aba Dai yigeze gutegeka ko kwica inzovu bihanishwa igihano gihabwa uwishe umuntu. Ihazabu yatangwaga mu mari ya feza, kandi ingano y’iyo feza yagombaga kungana mu buremere n’inzovu yabaga yishwe.

Kubera kwangirika no gucikamo ibice by’aho izi nyamaswa zabaga bitewe n’imirimo y’ubuhinzi bw’ibiti bya ‘rubber’ yaguwe ikagera kuri hegitari zirenga 250.000 mu 2005, byatumye umubare w’inzovu ugabanyuka cyane ugera ku nzovu 150 gusa mu myaka ya za 1990.

Kubera ingufu nyinshi zashyizwe mu kubungabunga ibidukikije, ibarura ryo mu 2024 riragaragaza izamuka ry’umubare w’inzovu zo mu gasozi zo muri Aziya aho zavuye kuri 283zikagera kuri 300 mu ntara ya Yunnan.

Ikintu gihuza urusobe rw’ibidukikije muri aka gace ni umugezi wa Lancang, uzwi nka Mekong. Utemba muri Xishuangbanna ku ntera ya kilometero 188, ukaba ari wo mugezi wonyine usohoka mu Bushinwa unyuze muri aka gace.

Uyu mugezi munini uhuza ibibaya n’ibihugu bya Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, na Vietnam.

Uwo mugoroba nkihagera, nabonye uruhurirane rw’amateka ya kera y’uyu mugezi n’ubuzima bugezweho muri Gaozhuang Xishuangjing, isoko rya nijoro rizwi cyane ryitwa Starlight. Riherereye neza ku nkombe z’umugezi wa Lancang i Jinghong. Sinari narigeze mbona ikintu nk’iki mu buzima bwanjye.

Numvaga ari nko kwinjira mu masoko ya kera benshi muzi nko muri ya filime ya kera ya Yesu twese twarebye, uretse ko iri soko ryo ryari mu rwererane rw’amatara menshi y’amabara atandukanye. Ubunini bwaryo bwari butangaje cyane.

Impande zose, abakora ibiganiro kuri murandasi [content creators] bari bari gufata amashusho, banyura hagati y’amaduka mato acuruza ibikoresho bya feza bya Dai bikoranywe ubuhanga, imyenda, n’ibindi.

Icyo nabonye n’amaso yanjye cyakuruye benshi ni ibiryo bitangaje byo ku muhanda. Hirya no hino hari hari impumumuro y’ibinyamunjonjererwa byokeje, umuceri mu migano, n’udukoko tw’amoko adasanzwe twokeje.

Nabajije umuntu twari kumwe niba bihora bityo cyangwa babikoze kubera twe, agiye kunsubiza aramwenyura, mpita nibwira igisubizo. Yagize ati “Niko bihora, ahubwo ubu si cyane kuko abantu bahaba benshi mu bihe by’ubukonje kuko baba bahunze iwabo kuko hano hadakonja cyane.”

Ku munsi wakurikiyeho, nafashe iya mbere nzamuka umusozi wa Nannuo, ahantu hakomeye cyane ho gusura hafatwa nk’ahatagatifu ku bakunda icyayi.

Uyu ni umwe mu misozi ya kera kandi izwi cyane mu guhinga icyayi cya Pu’er, ukaba ari ihuriro ry’ibiti by’icyayi bya kera bimaze imyaka irenga 800 bihagaze.

Ibi biti si bimwe nk’iby’iwacu uhagararamo bikakugera mu mbavu, ahubwo byo bifite uburebure, bimwe udashobora no kuheza n’ubwo wararama. Hari aho twageze hameze nko kugasongero k’umusozi, nicara mu nzu hafi aho nsogongera kuri Pu’er yasaruwe ubwo. Mbega icyayi kiryoshye!

Icyantangaje kurusha ibindi ni inzu zigezweho y’amagorofa akikije aho nari ndi ku musozi. Ntushobora kwiyumvisha uko iyi myubakire yahujwe n’imiterere y’uyu musozi, hafi y’ibiti bifite amateka yabyo yihariye ku Isi. Abantu b’aha barakize cyane.

Xishuangbanna isaba kuhasura inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo ubone ibintu byose ihatse. Ugomba nta kabuza gusura ubusitani bubungabunga ibimera bwa Menglun, ubutunzi bukurikiranwa n’Ikigo cy’u Bushinwa cy’Ubushakashatsi mu bijyanye n’Ubugenge.

Ubu busitani bufite ubuso burenga hegitari 1.100, bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri birimo Ubusitani bw’Uburengerazuba bufunguriye buri wese burimo ibimera byo mu mazi n’ibyatsi by’umwihariko ‘bibyina,’ n’Ubusitani bw’Iburasirazuba bwabungabunzwe bugizwe n’ishyamba ry’inzitane. Abahasura bashobora kuhamara amasaha menshi bihera ijisho amoko y’ibimera asaga 13.000.

Hari kandi n’Ikibaya cy’Inzovu zo mu Gasozi [Wild Elephant Valley], ahantu honyine mu Bushinwa ushobora kureba inzovu zo mu gasozi zo muri Aziya.

Kugendera ku kiraro kiri mu kirere cya kilometero 1,3, bituma ushobora kubona izi nzovu zikina, zoga mu mazi, zinashakisha ibyo kurya. Ushobora no kuhabona filimi zigisha abantu byinshi ku nzovu, n’izindi nzovu 16 zatojwe gukorana n’abantu ariko kuri ubu zashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru.

Ku bakunda kwinezeza cyane hari agace k’ubwiza nyaburanga bw’Igiti cyo mu Kirere cya Wangtianshu muri Mengla. Iki giti cyihariye kiboneka gake gifite uburebure bwa metero 80.

Inzira yo mu Kirere y’ikiraro kigizwe n’imigozi ituma uzungera nka ya canopy y’iwacu muri Nyungwe, ni yo izatuma ubasha kugera ku bushorishori bw’iki giti, aho uzabasha kureba hasi witegereza ishyamba risa nk’inyanja.

Niba witeguye kwerekeza muri Xishuangbanna, guhitamo igihe uzahasura ni ingenzi cyane. Kubera ko igihe cy’imvura kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza mu Ukwakira kirangwamo ubuhehere bwinshi n’imvura idashira. Igihe cyiza cyo kuhasura ni kuva mu Ugushyingo kugeza muri Mata aho ikirere kiba gikonjeho kandi gisa n’icyumutse.

Maze rero nujyayo, uzabanze urebe mu byo wapakiye niba harimo imyenda y’amabara meza, menshi kandi agaragara cyane, kuko muri Xishuangbanna ari ho honyine ushobora gufatira amafoto adasanzwe. Ikiruta byose, uzitwaze umuti uhashya udukoko [insect repellent].