Hari n’abagerageza kwigira hirya gato ariko na bwo ntibarenge ku Kirwa cya Madagascar kiri mu Nyanja y’u Buhinde.

Nyamara hirya yacyo hari ikindi gihugu nyafurika aho uburezi ari ubuntu kugeza muri kaminuza, ubuvuzi na bwo ari uko ku baturage bose kugeza ku kuvura indwara zikomeye nko kubaga umutima.

Ibirwa bya Maurice biri mu bilomotero 800 uvuye muri Madagascar, na cyo kikaba ikindi kirwa kiri mu Nyanja y’u Buhinde.

Ibirwa bya Maurice ni Igihugu nyafurika kimaze kubaka izina ku kuba ku isonga mu ngeri zitandukanye ku mugabane.

Kimaze imyaka myinshi kiri mu bya mbere muri Afurika mu korohereza ishoramari, kugira imiyoborere itajegajega, ishoramari n’ubukungu butera imbere ku muvuduko munini aho bwamaze imyaka 38 buzamuka ku kigero kitari munsi ya 5% ku mwaka kugeza mu 2008.

Encyclopedia Britannica ivuga ko Ibirwa bya Maurice bitekerezwa ko bishobora kuba byarabonywe bwa mbere n’Abarabu bazengurukaga Inyanja y’u Buhinde bashaka aho bakorera ubucuruzi mu kinyejana cya 10 ariko ntibabikandagiyeho.

Bigeze mu 1500 ni bwo b’Abanya-Portugal na bo batemberaga mu Nyanja y’u Buhinde bashaka kuvumbura babonye Ibirwa bya Maurice baba aba mbere babikandangiyeho kuko bitari bituwe batangira kujya bahaparika ubwato bwabo.

Batangiye kuhirukana inyamaswa zari zihatuye kugira ngo babashe kujya babyifashisha nta nkomyi ariko ntibahubatse ngo bature.

Byasabaye imyaka hafi 100 ngo Ibirwa bya Maurice bitangire guturwa kuko bigeze mu 1598 Abadage na bo baje kubirabukwa batangira kubituraho kuko Abanya-Portugal batari barishimiye kuhaba.

Banahise babiha izina ry’Ibirwa bya Maurice babyitiriye Igikomangoma cy’u Budage cyitwaga Maurice Van Oranje ndetse batangira kuhahinga ibisheke.

Nyuma ariko Abadage na bo baje kuhava, mu 1715 Abafaransa bajya kubituraho banabihindurira izina babyita Ibirwa by’u Bufaransa.

Abafaransa bakomeje ubuhinzi bw’ibisheke babuteza imbere ndetse batangira no kuhajyana Abacakara bo muri Madagascar, banashinga Umujyi wa Port Louis ari wo murwa mukuru w’iki gihugu uyu munsi.

Mu 1805 Abongereza bari bahanganiye ubuhangange n’Abafaransa baje kubatsinda bahita bagenzura amazi y’inyanja menshi bituma mu 1910 bajya ku Birwa bya Maurice bahirukana Abafaransa bahagira koloni yabo.

Na bo bahise bahahindurira izina barishyira mu Cyongereza riba Mauritius, bahahagarika ubucakara ahubwo bahajyana abakozi b’Abahinde muri ya mirimo y’ubuhinzi ndetse kugeza ubu benshi mu batuye ibi birwa bakomoka ku Bahinde.

Icyo kirwa cyakomeje gukolonizwa n’u Bwongereza kugeza ku itariki 12 Werurwe 1968 ubwo cyabonaga Ubwigenge.

Bubatse Igihugu bahereye ku busa

Nyuma yo kubona ubwigenge, Ibirwa bya Maurice nta mutungo kamere wihariye byari bifite wari gufasha kubakiraho iterambere ry’ubukungu uretse amazi magari y’inyanja.

N’ubutaka bw’iki gihugu ntibwari bunini kuko gifite ubuso bwa kilometerokare 2.040, bivuze ko u Rwanda rugikubye inshuro hafi 13 mu bunini.

Cyari igihugu kiri kure y’amasoko y’ubuhahirane ku rwego rw’Isi ndetse n’abaturage benshi icyo gihe bari bakennye kandi nta kazi bafite, ubukungu bwari bushingiye ahanini ku buhinzi bw’ibisheke.

Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere w’Ibirwa bya Maurice yabaye Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, atangira ubutegetsi bwe ahanganye n’ibyo bibazo kongeraho uruvange rw’amoko atandukanye y’abaturage kuko bamwe bakomoka mu Buhinde, mu Burayi na Afurika.

Nyuma y’imyaka icyenda Ibirwa bya Maurice ari igihugu cyigenga, mu 1976 ubuyobozi bwahise butangira gushora mu baturage batangiza kwigira ubuntu ndetse n’ubuvuzi biba uko.

Icyo gihugu kandi cyashoboye kubaka ubukungu budashingiye gusa ku buhinzi bw’ibisheke gishora no mu guhinga ibindi nk’imboga, imbuto, icyayi n’itabi ndetse no kubitunganya bikoherezwa mu mahanga.

Hashowe kandi mu nganda zikora imyenda aho Ibirwa bya Maurice byabaye kimwe bihugu muri iyo myaka cyari gifite isoko rinini ry’imyenda.

Nyuma hashowe mu nganda zikora ibindi nk’imirimbo bantu bambara, ibyo kurya byo nyanja, ibinyabutabire n’ibindi ku buryo mu 2021 umusaruro w’izo nganda wabarirwaga 13,3% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’Igihugu.

Imiyoborere itajegajega

Kuva Ibirwa bya Maurice byabona Ubwigenge mu 1968 biyoborwa Minisitiri w’Intebe ariko bigira na Perezida mu mwanya w’icyubahiro.

Ni igihugu kigendera ku mategeko ndetse ubutegetsi buhererekanywa mu mahoro kuko amategeko ategenya ko mu gihe ishyaka riri ku butegetsi ritsinzwe amatora rigomba guhererekanya ubutegetsi mu mahoro nta mvururu.

Ibyo byiyongeraho kuba abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yaho bashobora kweguza Minisitiri w’Intebe cyangwa Perezida binyuze mu kubatakariza icyizere; ibituma ububasha buba butihariwe n’umuntu umwe.

Iki gihugu kandi ni kimwe mu bihugu bibonekamo ruswa nke cyane muri Afurika ndetse kuyirwanya bishyirwamo ingufu aho haheruste no gushingwa ikigo kitwa ‘Financial Crimes Commission’ gishinzwe kurwanya ruswa n’irindi nyerezwa ry’amafaranga ryabaho.

Kuva Ibirwa bya Maurice byabona ubwigenge ni kimwe mu bihugu bitigeze bibamo ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi cyangwa imvururu mu matora uretse mu 2024 ubwo bahagarikaga imbuga nkoranyambaga ariko na byo ntibyigeze bitera umutekano muke.

Ikoranabuhanga n’ubukerarugendo

Mu 1992 Ibirwa bya Maurice byashinze ikigo cyabyo cy’utumanaho rya telefone na internet ndetse byubaka n’ibindi bikorwaremezo bijyanye n’itumanaho. Mu 2021 byohereje icyogajuru mu isanzure.

Ibyo byakuruye abashoramari mpuzamahanga bashorayo imari bituma bikomeza kuzamuka mu ikoranabuhanga.

Kuri ubu ni kimwe mu bihugu bikomeye muri Afurika mu ikoranabuhanga ririmo iry’ubwenge buhangano, gucururiza kuri Internet, ibijyanye n’imari, kuvura mu buryo bw’iya kure n’ibindi.

Mu bukerugendo ni kimwe mu bihugu bihagaze neza muri Afurika kuko kuba ari ikirwa ubwabyo bigiha amahirwe yo gusurwa hakiyongeraho ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere bukomeye, amahoteli y’akataraboneka ndetse na politiki yorohereza ishoramari.

Habarwa ko nibura ubukerarugendo bwinjiriza iki gihugu hagati ya 20% na 25% by’umusaruro mbumbe wacyo, ndetse kiri mu bya mbere mu gushorwamo imari muri Afurika. Na cyo kandi mu gushora imari mu mahanga imari gihagaze neza kuko mu 2021 Ibirwa bya Maurice ari byo byakomotsemo ishoramari ryinshi ryakorewe mu Rwanda, rigize ijanisha rya 32,4%.

Ibirwa bya Maurice bituwe n’abaturage 1.250.000 nk’uko imibare yo mu 2024 ibigaragaza. Umusaruro Mbumbe wabyo ni miliyari $14.95 mu gihe umuturage umwe habarwaga ko yinjiza $11.872 mu 2024.

Aka gace kazwi nka 'Umbrella Square' kari mu dukunzwe mu murwa mukuru Port Louis, kubera ubwiza bw'iyi mitaka imanitse mu kirere

Ubukungu bw'Ibirwa bya Maurice bwigze kumara imyaka 38 buzamuka ku kigero kitari munsi ya 5%

Igice cya Le Caudan Waterfront ni igicumbi cy'ubucuruzi n'umuco

Mu byo abasura Ibirwa bya Maurice bishimira cyane ni ubwiza karemano buvanze n'ubwo abantu bahanze

Amarembo ya Port Louis ahora afunguriwe abashoramari

Uruherekane rw'imisozi ya Moka ruri mu bitatse Umujyi wa Port Louis

Mu Murwa mukuru Port Louis habarizwa inzu zubatse mu buryo bugezweho, ariko zifite imiterere ikomoka ku bihugu abatuye Ibirwa bya Maurice baturutsemo

Iyo ikirere cyo mu Birwa bya Maurice gikeye, ba mukerarugendo bajya mu mazi bakoga

Kubungabungwa ibidukikije ni kimwe mu byo Leta y'Ibirwa bya Maurice yashyizemo imbaraga

Pariki ya Black River Gorges igizwe n'ishyamba cyimeza