Nyiramacibiri wakomokaga muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ni umwe mu bantu batanze umusanzu ukomeye kugira ngo ingagi zo muri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga zitazimira kuko yayigezemo umubare wazo utangiye gukendera kubera ibikorwa by’ubushimusi.

Mu 1967 ni bwo Nyiramacibiri yageze muri Pariki y’Ibirunga, icyemezo yafashe nyuma y’iminsi myinshi yari amaze yiga ku buzima bw’ingagi ndetse aza kuzigirira urukundo rudasanzwe kubera imibereho yazo itangaje.

Mu myaka yamaze mu Birunga abana n’ingagi dore ko ari na ho yari afite inzu, yazivumbuyeho byinshi bigenderwaho n’uyu munsi birimo ibyo zikunda kurya, uko zibana mu miryango, amarangamutima yazo n’ibindi.

Nyuma y’imyaka 18, mu gitondo cyo ku wa 27 Ukuboza 1985 mu Rwanda by’umwihariko mu yahoze ari Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri hakwirakwiye inkuru y’incamugongo y’uko yishwe.

Nyiramacibiri yasanzwe mu nzu ye yishwe, afite ibikomere bitandatu mu mutwe no mu maso, bigaragaza ko yatemeshejwe umuhoro.

Ubujura bwahise bukurwa mu mpamvu z’ubu bugizi bwa nabi kuko amafaranga Nyiramacibiri yari afite mu nzu abarirwa mu bihumbi by’amadorali nta wigeze ayakoraho.

Ikindi cyatumye inzego z’umutekano zikeka ko atishwe n’abajura, ni uko nta wigeze akora kuri pasiporo ye ndetse n’imbunda nto Nyiramacibiri yari atunze, ntiyigeze yibwa ahubwo basanze irambitse hafi y’ahari haryamye umurambo we.

Mu iperereza ryakozwe, byagaragaye kandi ko hanze y’inzu ya Nyiramacibiri hari ibirenge by’abantu babiri baraye bahagendagenda muri iryo joro yishwemo ndetse n’inzu ye yapfumuwemo umwenge.

Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Nyiramacibiri, inzego z’umutekano z’u Rwanda zihutiye guta muri yombi abakoranaga na we bose barimo n’uwitwa Emmanuel Rwelekana wakoraga akazi ko kuyobora uyu Munyamerikakazi mu bice bitandukanye yagendaga asura.

Nyuma y’umunsi umwe aba bakozi bose bararekuwe uretse uyu Rwelekana, kuko ibimenyetso byagaragazaga ko ari we ushobora kuba yagize uruhare mu rupfu rwa Nyiramacibiri, cyane ko yari amaze igihe gito amwirukanye nyuma yo kutumvikana, agashaka kumutema.

Nyuma y’amezi icyenda Nyiramacibiri yishwe, ku wa 29 Nzeri 1986, umunsi umwe mbere y’uko abakozi ba Ambasade ya Amerika bajya guhata ibibazo Rwelekana aho yari afungiwe, Leta y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko Rwelekana yasanzwe mu buroko yitabye Imana, aziritse umugozi mu ijosi, ibintu Leta ya Habyarimana Juvenal yahereyeho ivuga ko bikekwa ko uyu mugabo yiyahuye.

Dian Fossey wamenyekanye nka Nyiramacibiri, yari yareguriye ingagi ubuzima bwe bwose

Nta kimenyetso kitubwira ko Data yapfuye- Umukobwa wa Rwelekana

Nubwo byavuzwe bityo, na n’uyu munsi urupfu rwa Rwelekana ruracyari urujijo kuko abo mu muryango we ntibigeze babona umurambo w’umubyeyi wabo, yewe n’akanunu ke kugeza uyu munsi.

Mukarwego Donata yavukiye mu Kagari ka Rwambogo mu Murenge wa Musanze mu 1980. Ni umwana wa Rwelekana.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, uyu mubyeyi yavuze ko bamenye urupfu rwa Nyiramacibiri, ubwo se yari mu rugo mu kiruhuko kuko ngo yahawe amakuru mu gitondo abibwiwe n’umugabo bakoranaga.

Ati “[Data] yahise ava mu rutoki arakaraba arambara. Mukecuru yari ari kuboha mu rugo. Data yabwiye Mama ati ‘Tugize ibibazo, umuyobozi wacu yapfuye.’ Data yahise azamuka yirirwayo, aza nimugoroba. Yaragarutse aravuga ngo ibintu byazambye bamurashe.”

Nyuma y’iminsi mike babonye abajandarume baje gufata se hamwe n’abandi bakozi bakoraga mu Birunga, bumvise ko Rwelekana yapfiriye mu buroko.

Ati “Nyuma hari umuntu waje aravuga ati ‘so yapfuye’, tubona inkuru itangiye gukwira hose, bamwe baravuga ngo yiyahuye, abandi ngo bamwishe. Mu bakozi bose bakoragayo ni we wapfuye gusa. Bitubana ibibazo.”

Arakomeza ati “Byabaye ibibazo kuko twari tubuze umubyeyi kandi ari we watwitagaho, turababara cyane. Mukuru wacu wigaga ahita ava mu ishuri, kuva ubwo nta mwana wagize amahirwe yo kwiga.”

Ibyago byakomeje kwiyongera, Rwelekana wari witabye Imana akurikirwa n’umugore we, abana babo babaho nabi batagira epfo na ruguru, bose baratatana.

Abo mu muryango wa Rwelekana bakimara kumva inkuru y’uko umubyeyi wabo yitabye Imana, bagiye kenshi kuri gereza ariko umurambo barawubuze, Mukarwego akavuga ko kugeza n’ubu nta gihamya cy’uko umubyeyi wabo yitabye Imana kuko nta muntu n’umwe wabonye umurambo we.

Nubaha Jonas yagaragaje ko Nyiramacibiri yagize uruhare rukomeye mu guharanira uburenganzira bw'ingagi

Yapfuye nta n’akana abyaye - Abari abakozi ba Nyiramacibiri baracyafite intimba

Nubaha Jonas yavukiye mu Kinigi mu 1965, akora akazi ka Karisoke mu 1979. Yabungabungaga inyamaswa, agacungana no gutegura imitego y’abahigi mbese ashinzwe kugenzura umutekano, abivuyemo yita ku ngagi by’umwihariko.

Ati “Nyiramacibiri yashakaga abakozi bamenyereye akazi, akadutumaho tukagenda. Namukoreye hari abandi bari bari kumukorera. Ni uko namumenye. Yampaye akazi mu ishyamba aho yari afite inzu ye n’abakozi bafite iyabo.”

Nubaha yavuze ko bararaga mu kazi mu bice bitandukanye by’ibirunga babaga boherejwemo, mu gitondo bakajya aho Nyiramacibiri yabaga, bakamuha raporo y’ibyo babonye.

Ubwo iyo babaga bateguye imitego, barayimwerekaga n’abahigi bafashe, abo mu bindi bihugu bakabasubiza iwabo.

Nubaha wabanye cyane na Nyiramacibiri, yavuze ko uyu Munyamerikakazi yakundaga abantu n’abaturage badafite aho bari bahuriye na Pariki, agafata neza abakozi be, byaba ku minsi mikuru bikaba akarusho.

Ati “Twajyanagayo imiryango yacu. Abana, abagore, byabaga ari nk’ubukwe. Yahaga imyenda abana bacu tukarya tukananywa. Nta muntu yafashe nabi, yakoze neza cyane. Twese yatugiriye neza. Yapfuye nk’intwari.”

Abakozi ba Nyiramacibiri bakoraga iminsi 15, bagataha abandi bakajya kubasimbura, bigakomeza bityo. Nubaha avuga ko mu bihe byo gupfa kwa Nyiramacibiri, we na bagenzi be bari basimbuwe batari mu ishyamba, urupfu rwe barwumva nk’abandi bisanzwe.

Ati “Nubwo twari abakozi be, ntabwo twegeraga aho yabaga. Abayobozi ni bo bagiye gusuzuma urupfu rwe, bareba uko byagenze. Twe ntabwo twamwegeraga. Yashyinguwe n’abayobozi muri Karisoke. N’ubu igituro cye kirahari, abantu baragisura.”

Uyu musaza agaragaza ko Nyiramacibiri yakundaga ingagi cyane ariko abakozi be bakazitinya, kabone nubwo bakoraga mu ishyamba umunsi ku wundi.

Ati “Twageraga aho ingagi zaraye, tugasigara aho, we akazijyamo. Zaba ziri bugufi akatubwira ngo ‘Nimwigire mu rugo ndizana.’ Zaba ziri kure tukamurinda tugatahana. Yakundaga ingagi cyane rwose. Kugira ngo ingagi zibungwabungwe, inyamaswa zose zigire uburenganzira ni Dian Fossey wabigizemo uruhare.”

Uretse kwita ku nyamaswa, Nyiramacibiri yafashaga n’abaturage cyane ari na byo bituma kugeza n’ubu abakiriho kumwibagirwa byabananiye.

Nubaha ati “Ikibazo dufite, yapfuye nta mwana afite. Yapfuye atarashaka. Na n’ubu abantu bakoresha umunsi mukuru wo kumwibuka.”

Uwimana Fidèle wavukiye mu Murenge wa Kinigi mu cyitwaga Segiteri Bisate mu 1967, agaragaza ko yakuriye muri ibyo bice ndetse anabisaziyemo, ibyumvikanisha ko azi ubuzima bwa Nyiramacibiri.

Uwimana na we wabaye mu bakozi ba Nyiramacibiri, yavuze ko yatangiye kugera mu kigo cye cyari muri Karisoke mu 1984, agiye kwishimana n’abandi benshi uyu mushakashatsi yari yatumiye mu minsi mikuru.

Uwimana na bagenzi be bari abana bo mu kigero kimwe, ni bo bafashaga Nyiramacibiri mu gihe abakozi babaga baragiye mu biruhuko, ariko bakabayo badahembwa kuko bamaragayo igihe gito.

Ati “Twajyagayo tugiye kumufasha gusa kubera kumukunda. Ababyeyi bacu babaga batubwiye ngo mujyeyo mujye kumufasha, twataha rero nta muntu wari uzi amafaranga icyo ari cyo, akaduha utwenda two kwambara.”

Uyu mugabo avuga ko Nyiramacibiri yari atuye hagati y’Ikirunga cya Kalisimbi n’icya Bisoke, ari na ho havuye amazina yo kwita ikigo cye Kalisoke.

Mu 1984, Uwimana yabaye umukorerabushake inshuro zigeze nko kuri eshatu, akabijyanisha no gufasha abagemuriye Nyiramacibiri ibiryo no kuyobora abaturukaga muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda bajya mu bushakashatsi.

Nyuma y’umwaka umwe Nyiramacibiri yitabye Imana, Uwimana yavuye mu ishuri, uwasimbuye Dian witwaga David Walts amuha akazi ko kuyobora abanyeshuri bajyagayo mu bushakashatsi, baba abo mu Rwanda no mu mahanga, abona akazi kuva mu 1987 kugeza mu 2009.

Nyiramacibiri yitabye Imana mu Ukuboza 1985

Inkomoko y’Izina Nyiramacibiri

Uwimana yagaragaje ko iryo ritari izina irye, ahubwo ryari iryo abaturage bise undi mushakashatsi bakoranaga wari mugufi cyane, aho Nyiramacibiri wa mbere asubiriye iwabo, kubera ko bakundaga kugenda, Dian Fossey arisigarana atyo.

Nyiramacibiri apfa, Uwimana agaragaza ko na we yari mu itsinda y’abatari bakoze kuko uyu mushakashatsi yari afite abakozi benshi bamukoreraga.

Yavuze ko umukozi wa mbere wamenye ko Nyiramacibiri yavuyemo umwuka yari Rukera Elias wari wagiye gushyushya amazi mu gitondo kugira ngo uu mushakashatsi abone amazi yo gukaraba.

Ati “Yagezeyo, ageze ku nzu ye yabagamo nko muri metero 150 uvuye aho iy’abakozi yabaga, asanga bayipfumuye. Agira ubwoba ajya kubwira bagenzi be. Bo bumvaga ko bamwibye, ba bakozi baza igihiriri bagezeyo basanga bamwishe.

Rwelekana yaba yarazize ubusa?

Nubaha yabajijwe ibya Rwelekana bivugwa ko ari we wishe Nyiramacibiri, asubiza ko nubwo byavuzwe bityo, n’ubu nta gihamya cy’uko Rwelekana yamwishe.

Nubaha yavuze ko impamvu Rwelekana yashyizwe mu majwi ari uko hari abazungu bacumbitse iwe, muri icyo gihe Nyiramacibiri arapfa, Rwelekana akekwaho ubugambanyi, kuko abo bazungu batumvikanaga.

Uretse Nubaha, na Uwimana yavuze ko yari azi Rwelekana ndetse ko na murumuna we bakoranye.

Ati “Yari umwe mu bakozi b’abatoni ba Nyiramacibiri ahubwo, kuko yaramufashije cyane mu rwego rwo kumenyereza ingagi.”

Icyakora ngo Nyiramacibiri na Rwelekana baje kuba abanzi, abandi bakozi babimenya nyuma ariko kubera kumukunda, Nyiramacibiri yaramwirukanaga, akamuhagarika ariko igihe runaka cyagera akamutumizaho, bityo bityo.

Uwimana yavuze ko atakwihandagaza ngo avuge ko Rwelekana atari mu bagize uruhare mu kwica Nyiramacibiri na cyane ko ibimenyetso byinshi byagaragaye nyuma.

Yagaragaje ko hari n’abantu bagiye bagaragaza ko bamubonye ava mu ishyamba mu gitondo ku munsi Nyiramacibiri yiciweho.

Ati “Hari inama zakorewe iwe, hari inama yakoranye n’abazungu baziranye banakoranye mu ishyamba; inama yakorewe iwe, Nyiramacibiri apfa muri iryo joro. Nta gushidikanya rero ko yabigizemo uruhare. Uretse ko inkiko zitashoboye kubyerekana ariko hari abaturage batanze amakuru.”

Kimwe mu byo batekereza ko Nyiramacibiri yazize harimo akazi ke kuko we yumvaga ko ingagi zo mu misozi miremire zagombaga kuba iz’ubushakashatsi, aho gutekereza ku bikorwa by’ubukerarugendo, bene wabo bari barajwe ishinga n’ubukerarugendo baramwanga. Abaturage bakeka ko yaba yarazize kutumvikana na bene wabo b’Abanyamerika.

Hari andi makuru avuga ko Nyiramacibiri atumvikanaga n’abo ku butegetsi bwa Habyarimana, cyane cyane abayobozi bo muri Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri.

Mu bishingirwaho ni uko iyo hafatwaga abahigi mu ishyamba cyangwa se ba rushimusi, ya kipe yari ishinzwe kurwanya Nyiramacibiri yabagezaga aho ibafungira, nyuma y’iminsi nk’itatu ikabafungura.

Uwimana ati “Ibyo akabipfa n’abayobozi. Babashyikirizaga abantu, aho kugira ngo babafunge kandi babafatanye impu z’inyamanswa zo muri Pariki ahubwo nyuma y’iminsi itatu bakongera bakabafungura, bagasubiramo, bakongera bagafatirwamo. Ibyo byatumaga agirana amakimbirane n’abari abayobozi ba Perefegitura ariko ku rwego rw’igihugu ntabwo nabyemeza kuko ntaho yahuriraga na bo.”

Nyiramacibiri yashyinguwe mu Birunga kuko muri Kalisoke habaga imva yashyinguragamo ingagi zarwaye zigapfa, izishwe na ba rushimusi, zose akazihamba iruhande rw’inzu ye. Mbere yari yarifuje na we yazashyingurwa hagati y’izo ngagi zapfuye.

Uwimana ati “Basabye Leta ko icyifuzo cye cyakubahirizwa, ibaha uburenganzira, tumushyingura hagati y’ingagi.”

Wowe Nyiramacibiri wakunze u Rwanda, ukihebera ingagi zo mu birunga...Imana iguhe iruhuko ridashira