Inama y’Abaminisitiri ni yo yemeje ko Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru rya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda (UR) riva i Huye rikaza i Kigali. Uyu mwanzuro washyizwe mu bikorwa mu 2011.

Iki cyemezo nticyafashwe kuko hari hagiyeho itegeko ryiza ryavugaga ko umunyamakuru agomba kuba afite impamyabumenyi ya Kaminuza. Hari abanyamakuru bari mu mirimo bari bamaze imyaka ibiri bafite ishuri ryabagenewe rya Great Lake Media Center (GLMC).

Hariho urutonde rw’izindi mpamvu nyinshi jnama ya Leta yasesenguye kandi zikiriho. Nizo nshingiyeho mvuga ko ari ugukuraho itegeko ryasabaga umunyamakuru kwiga Kaminuza, ari no kongera kwimurira ishuri i Huye, byombi ni ugusubiza itangazamakuru inyuma.

Mu mateka ya Amerika y’Amajyaruguru, hari Perezida babajije icyo yahitamo hagati yo kuba mu gihugu gifite Guverinoma nta tangazamakuru rihari no kuba aho riri ariko nta Guverinoma. Atazuyaje yavuze ko yahitamo aha kabiri.

Mu bihugu itangazamakuru ryateye imbere naryo rigaharanira kuba inkingi y’imiyoborere myiza ikorera inyungu z’abaturage, rifatwa nk’urwego rwa kane nyuma y’Ubutegetsi Nshingwabikorwa, ubushingiye ku mirimo y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko n’Ubutabera.

Ku Isi yose ahenshi usanga ibitangazamakuru bifite icyicaro mu murwa mukuru, bikagira amashami mu ntara.

Itangazamakuru rikorera abaturage iyo ryegereye inzego z’ubutegetsi rigenzura niba zisohoza ibyo zishinzwe gukorera abaturage ndetse rigatanga intabaza ku ho ziri kurengera.

Niyo mpamvu itangazamakuru rigomba gukorera hafi yaho politiki n’amabwiriza ayishyira mu bikorwa bifatirwa, rikabyumva mbere, rikabisesengura, rikabisobanurira abaturage, bakamenya icyo bazungukiramo.

Riranahindukira rikerekana uko inzego z’ibanze zubahiriza ya mategeko, uko abaturage bayumva n’uruhare rwabo mu kuyashyira mu bikorwa.

Izo nshingano zisaba umunyamakuru kuba injijuke ishobora kuvugisha umuhanga wese atarya indimi. Akavugisha umunyapolitiki kuva k’Umukuru w’Igihugu, minisitiri, depite, umucamanza n’abandi bafite uruhare mu iterambere ry’Igihugu adasusumira kandi ntabateshe igihe ababaza ibitabaha uburyo bwo gutangaza neza ibyo bakora.

Itangazamakuru ni umwuga usaba kujijuka muri byose. Ntibivuga ko abanyamakuru bagomba kuba intiti z’ikirenga, icyo basabwa ni ubumenyi rusange bubafasha kwinjira mu mirimo itandukanye muri sosiyete.

Bakagira amatsiko, bagasobanukirwa, bakamenya kubaza ku ngingo zitanga ibisubizo by’ibibazo abaturage bategerejeho ibisubizo bibafasha.

Ibyo umunyamakuru abishobora kubera ko yateguwe neza mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, Kaminuza ikamutyaza mu kugira amatsiko, kwagura ubuhanga bwo gusobanukirwa vuba, gushakashaka no gutegura ibyo azashyira mu ruhame ku buryo ababyumva batandukanye mu kujijukirwa, buri wese akuramo ikimufasha cyangwa ikimwongerera ubumenyi.

Ibi bijyana no gusoma cyane ibyandikwa mu bitangazamakuru, kumva radio no kureba televiziyo, kwihata gushakisha kuri internet, kuganira n’abayobozi bo mu nzego zose no gukurikirana impaka zo mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko ku bibazo by’igihugu, izo mu nama zisanzwe no gutembera mu gihugu ukamenya imibereho y’abagituye, ibihakorerwa n’uko bikorwa.

Uyu mutwaro ntiwakorerwa n’undi munyamwuga nka agoronome, umuganga, umwarimu, umunyamategeko, umwavoka n’umupolisi ; bakurikirana umurongo umwe w’icyo bashinzwe.

Kuri njye aho kuvuga ko utarize kaminuza yakora itangazamakuru, nashimangira ahubwo ko mu ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru hakirwa abafite ubundi bumenyi mu yandi mashami ya Kaminuza.

Ntabwo itangazamakuru ari umwuga wo guhungiramo ku wabuze icyo akora. Ntabwo wasaba umunyamakuru kuyobora impaka hagati y’intiti naho we ari idebe ! Itangazamakuru ribonera abaturage mbere kandi rigasesengura bwangu ibigiye kubabaho mu bice byose by’imibereho. Ntabwo rero umunyamakuru ariwe wahezwa mu kuminuza amashuri.

Umunyamakuru akeneye kwiga Kaminuza kuko itoza ubushashatsi bufite uruhare runini mu itangazamakuru cyane cyane ku mwitozo witwa ‘‘critical thinking”, navuga ko ari uburyo bwo kubona no kumva, kwibaza, kugereranya, kunenga no gusobanura byose ubifatiye hamwe mu gitekerezo.

Kaminuza yigisha no kuvugira mu ruhame, imwe mu nkingi abanyamakuru bakeneye. Itanga ubumenyi bwo gutegura icyo ushaka kumenyesha abandi, uburyo n’igihe uzakivugira.

Abemeje rero ko n’utarize yemerewe gukora itangazamakuru Batesheje agaciro uwo mwuga ariko ntibari babizi , amateka azabababarira.

Abanyamakuru bo mu Rwanda bo ntabwo ari injiji kuko barabibonye ko babayobeje ngo si ngombwa ko biga Kaminuza. Ubu bayobotse bose! Abatarashoboye kujya kwigira mu bihugu bidukikije, bari muri Kaminuza zigenga zo mu Rwanda zaborohereje kwiga.

Icyo UR yakoreye abanyamakuru ku busabe bwabo babishyigikiwemo n’Umukuru w’Igihugu kandi kigatangira gukorerwa i Kigali mbere y’imyaka ibiri ngo Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru rihimurirwe ni ishyirwaho rya GLMC, ryari ishuri ryo kumenyereza abasanzwe mu mwuga w’Itangazamakuru batararyize.

Abemererwaga kwinjira muri GLMC ni abari bafite impamyabumenyi y’amashuri yisumbuye isanzwe ari urufunguzo rwo kwinjira muri Kaminuza.

Leta yaraborohereje na yo kuko yabishyuriraga 50% andi bakayishakira. Ntibanyuzwe ariko kuko batijejwe impamyabumenyi yatuma bashobora gutera indi ntambwe igana mu byiciro bikomeye bya Kaminuza : icya gatatu (Masters) n’icy’Ikirenga (PhD).

Icyabaciye intege kurushaho ni icyemezo cya Ministeri y’Uburezi gikuraho ya nkunga bahabwaga. Kaminuza na yo iti “Abanyamakuru bemewe muri GLMC ni abanyeshuri bacu bagomba gufatwa kimwe n’abandi, bakishyura nk’abandi.”

Abanyamakuru basanze kuva ku bihumbi 300 Frw ugasabwa ibihumbi 600 Frw ku mwaka nta mpamyabumenyi (licence) uzabona ari igihombo. Nguko uko GLMC yaguye, nta munyamakuru wongeye kuyigarukamo.

Mu gihe rero hemezwaga ko Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru ryimurirwa i Kigali hari izindi mpamvu zitari izo kwigisha abanyamakuru bari mu mirimo kuko bo bari barahawe GLMC inakorera i Kigali mbere y’uko ishuri naryo ryimurirwayo.

Nta nubwo ari ukubera ko hari hagiyeho itegeko ko umunyamakuru agomba kwiga kaminuza ahubwo hari hasesenguwe izindi mpamvu zaganiriweho mu Nama y’Abaminisitiri.

Mu ngingo nkatwe abatekinisiye mu itangazamakuru dushyira imbere, hari uburyo bw’ingirakamaro twari twaratangiye no gushyira mu bikorwa mu kunoza ubufatanye hagati y’Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru n’ibigo birikora.

Twari mu biganiro by’ubufatanye mu gihe abanyeshuri bitoreza muri ibyo bigo ku buryo umunyeshuri ahavana ubumenyi kandi bukungukira ikigo yakoreyemo umwitozo.

Twari tumaze gukora gahunda z’inyigisho za nimugoroba no mu mpera z’icyumweru ku banyamakuru bashaka gutyaza ubumenyi ngiro n’abandi bakozi bo mu zindi nzego bashaka kwitoza mu nganzo y’itangazamakuru.

Iyo gahunda twari tumaze iminsi mike tuyiganiriyeho n’abayobozi b’ibigo by’itangazamakuru batanze ibitekerezo uko babona kaminuza yategura neza abanyamakuru bifuza mu bigo bayobora.

Abo bayobozi b’ibigo by’Itangazamakuru bari basigaye batanga umusanzu mu nyigisho za Kaminuza zibanda ku byerekeye Ishoramari (Entrepreneurship) mu Itangazamakuru n’imiyoborere y’ikigo cy’itangazamakuru (Media management) kandi abanyeshuri babyishimiraga.

Iyo mikoranire yari itangiye kugaragaza ubufatanye n’uruhare rw’abanyamakuru basanzwe mu mwuga mu kurera urubyiruko rushaka gukora itangazamakuru. Ibi bigatuma no kwakira abanyeshuri mu bigo birikora byoroha ku nyungu z’abanyeshuri kurusha uko Radio Salus yabikora yonyine.

Uretse igihe cyo kwimenyereza kiba giteganyijwe mu myigire y’umunyeshuri witegura kuba umunyamakuru, ni benshi muri bo bashoboraga gukorera ubushake bikababera inzira yo kwitoza, bakabiboneramo amafaranga aborohereza mu ngendo no kubona ifunguro Kaminuza itabageneraga ku bari kwimenyereza. Hari n’abagira amahirwe ikigo bakozemo kikabaha akazi.

Inama mpuzamahanga zikomeye zimara umwanya munini, abashyitsi bakuru bakirwa ku kibuga cy’indege, abategetsi batinyitse bacungiwe umutekano bidasanzwe ni ibikorwa byiganje muri Kigali. Ni gake cyane bigera mu ntara.

Nubwo izi nkuru zitoherezwamo abitoza ariko baherekeza inzobere zikaberekera imyifatire n’imbogamizi mu gutara inkuru ahakomeye.

Kwitoza gukurikirana no gusesengura impaka mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, Ibitangazwa n’inzego nkuru z’igihugu nka ministeri na za Komisiyo, kongere z’amashyaka, inama nkuru z’amadini, inama n’ibikorwa by’imihigo y’abashoramari, ihuriro ry’ingaga, imyidagaduro y’abahanzi n’imikino mu rwego rw’igihugu cyangwa mpuzamahanga ni gake cyane bibera mu ntara.

Uwitoza umwuga w’itangazamakuru agomba kuba hafi y’ibyo bikorwa akamenyerezwa uko yabitaramo amakuru bitabujije ko bamugenera na gahunda yo mu cyaro.

Imirimo y’imyuga itandukanye yiganje i Kigali kandi byorohera abarimu gukurikirana abanyeshuri bimenyereza.

Mu rwego rwo kunoza umwuga dushyize imbere ntitugomba kubatoreza mu bigo by’itangazamakuru gusa, bagomba no kwimenyereza mu bigo bya ba rwiyemezamirimo n’ibindi byose bifitiye akamaro igihugu.

Ibiganiro by’imikoranire ntibyari guhagararira mu bigo by’itangazamakuru byagombaga no gukomereza mu nganda n’ingaga z’imyuga.

Nubwo igihugu cyacu cyateye intambwe yo kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi, inganzo yo gutinyura no kujijura uzaba umunyamakuru ugezweho iri mu murwa mukuru.

Mu kumutoza ni ho agomba gukora ingendo mu ntara, akamenya igihugu n’uduce tukigize n’ubuzima rusange bw’abaturage.

Najya inama ko aho kwimura ku nshuro ya gatatu Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru, Leta na Kaminuza y’u Rwanda barishoramo imari mu nzu yihariye yari yarigeneye rikiva i Huye muri Kigali Village and Exhibition Conference [ahahoze hitwa Camp Kigali]. Rikagira ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nkuko Leta yashoye imari mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Itangazamakuru (RBA).

Ibyo bikoresho ntibigomba guhurirwaho n’amashami menshi kuko ibyifashishwa mu itangazamakuru bifite umwihariko wabyo w’uburyo byitabwaho. Ibi byatuma birindwa ababyangiza cyangwa bagasiba ibyabitswemo.

Hafi y’iyi nyubako yagenerwa iri shuri hari hakiri umwanya Leta yakubakamo Ikigo kigishirizwamo ibijyanye no gutunganya amajwi n’amashusho (Multimedia Centre). Cyaba ari igitekerezo cy’inyamibwa.

Aho GLMC ihagarariye, si abanyamakuru bahombye gusa, ishuri ryabihombeyemo kuko ibigo mpuzamahanga byariteraga inkunga nabyo byarahagaze.

Mu myaka 12 maze muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda nigisha mu ishuri ry’itangazamakuru, nta ngengo y’Imari y’igikorwa kimwe rukumbi cyangwa y’ibikorwa remezo Kaminuza yigeze igenera iryo ishuri cyangwa ngo hatekerezwe gahunda yo kuryagura ngo rihabwe ingufu zikenewe. Nyamara abarimu ntibahwemaga kuvuga ko bakorera mu bukorikori kubera kutagira ibikoresho.

Ryafatwaga nk’andi mashami ya Kaminuza. Bisangiye ibyumba byo kwigiramo, nta karusho cyangwa umwihariko w’ibikenerwa mu myitozo ku mikorere y’itangazamakuru nkuko na Radio Salus bayifataga nk’ibiro bisanzwe bya kaminuza.

Ni yo mpamvu yahagaze amezi menshi kubera gusiganira mu mpapuro z’amadosiye, uko akuma kagombaga gusimburwa mu mashini kagurwa kandi yo ubwayo yinjiza amafaranga ariko ntibayireke ngo yitunge.

Nubwo bimuriye ishuri i Huye kuva ku ntangiro y’umaka w’amashuri kaminuza 2018/2019, nta kiri gutegurwa kizafasha abarangiza gukarishya ubumenyi ngiro. Ikiriho ni uko bazasangayo Radio Salus nizaba yagarukiye ishuri.

Mbere ya 2011 ishuri ritarimukira i Kigali, Radio Salus yaryitirirwaga mu mpapuro. Yakoraga mu kurushanwa n’izindi radio zo mu gihugu. Abayiyoboraga ntibemere ko ivogerwa cyane n’abanyeshuri mu bwinshi bwabo ngo badahungabanya gahunda zayo.

Umuyobozi w’Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru witirirwaga ko ayobora na Radio Salus ntiyigeze akoresha ubwo bubasha kugira ngo ibe koko inganzo y’imyitozo ku banyeshuri ayoboye.

Nkuko byagenze i Mburabuturo, ubu ubuyobozi bwa Kaminuza bushobora kugorwa no gushaka ibyumba bikwiranye na studio na Computer Lab zikenewe no gushaka rwiyemezamirimo uzahabwa miliyoni zo kongera kubyubaka. Impungenge ni uko nta cyemeza ko ibyabitswe mu makarito bikiri byose.

Radio Salus ishobora kuguma i Huye igahuzwa n’izindi studio za Kaminuza zakagombye kubakwa muri cya kigo (Multimedia Center) navuze haruguru.

Icyo kigo cyatorezwamo abiga itangazamakuru, hakanabamo ibyumba bya studio nini zo gukoreramo ibiganiro mpaka bihuza abayobozi, abashoramari, abo muri sosiyete sivile n’abahanga mu nzego zitandukanye mu gihugu, abarimu n’abashakashatsi ba UR.

Ibi byatanga icyerekezo ku mikoranire ya Kaminuza na sosiyete nyarwanda bihereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali bikanakorerwa gahunda mu zindi ntara.

Iki kigo cyaba gifite studio zahuzwa na Radio Salus na Televiziyo ya Kaminuza igomba nayo gushingwa, byose bigahurizwa ku rubuga Web rwa UR.

Muri kaminuza narabivuze ndanabyandika ariko ntibyahawe agaciro ahari kubera ko bivugwa n’umusaza ubyina avamo. Bikozwe byaba ari ishoramari ry’ingirakamaro kuruta gukomeza kuburabuza ishuri hirya no hino ridashobora kwiyubakira ahazaza.

Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru rigumye i Kigali niryo ryakoresha rikanayobora icyo kigo cyatanga umusaruro ushyira Kaminuza mu mwanya w’inshingano yayo yo kumurikira abaturage. Ntiwaba ari umwihariko wa UR kuko no mu zindi Kaminuza zo mu mahanga nka Harvard zikoresha ubwo buryo.

Studio za Radio/TV na Computer Lab, Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru ryari ryungutse muri Camp Kigali twabikoreyemo umwaka umwe gusa Kaminuza irongera irabisenya ngo nitwimukire i Mburabuturo.

Ni miliyoni z’amafranga yabyubatse yahiye kandi twaranashoboraga kuba i Mburabuturo tukajya dusubira muri camp Kigali aho ama studio na Computer Lab byari biri tukahakorera imyitozo y’ubumenyi ngiro.

Icyerekana ko batari bazi ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru icyo aricyo, nuko batubwiraga ngo i Mburabuturo tuzahasanga ibindi ngo ntitugire ikintu na kimwe twimukana.

Imyigishirize ku bumenyi ngiro yarahadindiriye bigezaho abarangije mu mwaka wa kane bateje ubwega ku buyobozi bwa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda bwibaza ubu uko buzaha impamyabumenyi abanyeshuri bivugira ko batize?

Hagataho ubuyobozi bwa UR bwikomye abarimu ngo ntacyo bakora kandi bwarabasenyeye ibikoresho byose.

Abanyeshuri na bo bashatse gukora ibara ku ishuri birengagije ko ubumenyi ngiro batahawe byaturutse ku mpamvu nyishi zirimo iburabuzwa ry’ishuri ritagiraga aho ribarizwa, ibikoresho bibonetse bigasenywa hadaciye kabiri cyangwa bikibwa.

Nta software yo gutunganya amajwi n’amashusho nzi Kaminuza yaguze. Umwarimu yirwanaho akayishakisha cyangwa umunyeshuri uyifite akayizana igashyirwa mu mashini nubwo yagendaga irandaga.

Ibijyanye no gushyira mu ngiro amasomo yatanzwe byagenze uko byashobokaga ku bufatanye bwa mwarimu n’abanyeshuri bake bafite ubumenyi bw’ibanze mu gukoresha software bakuye mu bigo by’itangazamakuru bakorera.

Indi mbogamizi yabaye karande ni ukwakira abanyeshuri benshi mu mwaka wa Mbere. Ishuri ryakiraga abanyeshuri bashya 25 mu wa mbere, nyuma haza gahunda yo gushyira imbere kwinjiza amafranga, badutsindagira kwakira abanyeshuri barenga ijana. Ntibashobora kwitabwaho umwe ku wundi mu buryo bumufasha neza kubera ibikoresho bike n’abarimu bake bazobereye ibya production mu itangazamakuru.

Nubwo harimo ibibazo ariko, ntibyabujije ishuri kwesa imihigo. Abanyarwanda bavugisha ukuri bazi ko abanyamakuru bashimwa bari mu bigo bya Leta n’ibyigenga, abenshi bize muri iri shuri ryabayeho mu bigeragezo.

Ishuri ry’Itangazamakuru kandi riramutse ryinjijwe muri College of Sciences and Technology - CST- iri i Kigali aho ryabanje kwimukira riva i Huye muri 2011, ntabwo byaba bihabanye na gato kuko muri iki kinyejana cy’ikoranabuhanga turimo, umunyamakuru arasabwa cyane kuba umutekinisiye mu buryo ategura amakuru n’uburyo ayatangaza byihuse mu ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n’itangazamakuru rigenda rirushaho kuminuza buri mwaka.

Bwaba n’uburyo bwo kwemeza koko ko Itangazamakuru ubwaryo ari Ikoranabuhanga muri iki gihe.

Icyitonderwa: Ibikubiye muri iyi nyandiko ni ibitekerezo bwite by’umwanditsi. Paul Mbaraga ni Umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda mu ishami ry’itangazamakuru n’itumanaho

Umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda mu ishami ry’itangazamakuru n’itumanaho, Paul Mbaraga, atanga isomo ku banyeshuri