Ubu buryo bwiza bwo guha abaturage ijambo biciye mu buryo bw’ibiganiro, Umushyikirano, inama zitandukanye, inteko z’abaturage, ihuriro, umugoroba w’ababyeyi, umwiherero n’ibindi ni umusingi, ukaba n’umuyoboro w’ibitekerezo ukomeye kandi uhamye, ushyiraho uko iterambere ry’Igihugu ryubakira ku Buyobozi bwiza bushingiye ku mahame ya demokarasi, Abanyarwanda bihitiyemo ubwo bitoreraga Itegeko Nshinga muri 2003 ryavuguruwe mu 2015.

Ibiganiro byo mu Rugwiro byabaye mu mwaka wa 1998, byabimburiye ibindi mu kugaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bafite ubushake n’ubushobozi bwo kwishakamo ibisubizo, hashakwa umuti urambye ku bibazo byari byugarije Abanyarwanda, ku ikubitiro hari ikibazo cy’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Mu nama zitandukanye za Guverinoma y’Ubumwe, yegereye abaturage ibikangurira kubaka umutekano utajegajega. Mu Mwaka wa 2003, bitoreye Itegeko Nshinga, maze mu ngingo zirigize, hashyirwamo n’ihame ryo guha ijambo abaturage nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo yaryo ya 37, ivuga ku Bwisanzure mu mitekerereze no mu myemerere.

Igira iti “Ubwisanzure mu bitekerezo, mu mutimanama, mu guhitamo idini, mu gusenga no kubigaragaza mu ruhame burengerwa na Leta mu buryo buteganywa n’amategeko. Kwamamaza ivangura rishingiye ku isanomuzi, ku karere, ku bwoko cyangwa ku macakubiri ayo ari yo yose bihanwa n‟amategeko”.

Umuyoboro ukwiye abaturage b’u Rwanda banyuzamo ibibazo, ibyifuzo n’ibitekerezo byabo

Mu mwaka wa 2003, hatangiye Inama Nkuru y’Umushyikirano iyoborwa na Perezida wa Repubulika. Guhera icyo gihe Umushyikirano wabaye umuyoboro mugari wo gucishimo ibitekerezo byubaka Igihugu, ugafatirwamo imyanzuro igomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa n’Inzego z’Ubuyobozi bafatanyije n’abaturage. Iyi Nama Nkuru y’Umushyikirano yunganirwa n’inama zikorwa kugera ku rwego rw’Umudugudu, zikayunganira mu gushyira mu bikorwa Gahunda za Leta.

Hashyizweho n’Inteko z’Abaturage zinyuzwamo ibibazo, ibitekerezo n’ibyifuzo by’abaturage kugira ngo bishakirwe umuti. Hari kandi n’amahuriro akorwa agahurizwamo ibitekerezo byubaka Igihugu, nibura inshuro imwe mu mwaka hakaba Umwiherero w’Abayobozi Bakuru b’Igihugu basesengura ingingo ku yindi, bagamije kureba igishobora kubangamira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Gahunda za Leta n’ikibangamira imibereho myiza y’abaturage.

Itangazamakuru ryatejwe imbere rikaba undi muyoboro wihutisha amakuru kugira ngo agere ku baturage. Ibi bikorwa byose biyoborwa n’ikurikiranabikorwa, rikorwa mu ngendo z’Abayobozi batandukanye begera abaturage, aho na Perezida wa Repubulika agira gahunda ihoraho yo kwegera abaturage iwabo mu Turere n’aho batuye mu mahanga. Aho aganira n’abaturage kuri Gahunda za Leta, akibukiranya n’abaturage umurongo mugari wo kubaka Igihugu no gukemura ibibazo byabo bya buri munsi.

Uko Perezida yasuye abaturage, yakira abafite ibitekerezo, ibyifuzo n’ibibazo akavayo abyakiye kandi anashyizeho uburyo bwo kubikemura.

Abayobozi babazwa ibyo bashinzwe mu nyungu z’abaturage

U Rwanda rwihaye amahitamo atatu, harimo kuba umwe, kubazwa inshingano no gutekereza byagutse. Abayobozi batabashije gusohoza inshingano neza, bakurwaho icyizere ku nyungu z’abaturage, abakoze neza bakazamurwa mu ntera kugira ngo bakomeze batange umusanzu wabo ku buryo bwagutse, na none ku nyungu z’abaturage. Uku kubazwa inshingano gukurikirwa no guha abaturage uruhare ruhagije mu kwishyiriraho abayobozi, aho abaturage bitorera Abayobozi bazabasha kubakorera banyura ibitekerezo n’ibyufuzo byabo ariko banakemura ibibazo bafite.

Amatora akorwa guhera ku rwego rw’Umudugudu kugeza ku rwego rw’Igihugu, abandi Bayobozi bagashyirwaho hashingiwe ku Itegeko Nshinga ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu mu ngingo yaryo ya 27 aho igira iti “Abanyarwanda bose bafite uburenganzira bwo kugira uruhare mu buyobozi bw’Igihugu, baba babukoresheje ubwabo, cyangwa se babinyujije ku babahagarariye bihitiyemo nta gahato, hakurikijwe amategeko. Abanyarwanda bose bafite uburenganzira bungana bwo kujya mu mirimo ya Leta hashingiwe ku bumenyi n‟ubushobozi bwabo”.

Ubu buryo bwose bukoreshwa ni ukugira ngo abaturage bakomeze bahagararirwe, mu nzego zishinzwe kubakemurira ibibazo nta muvundo, ndetse banagire uburyo ibitekerezo byabo bitagwa hatajemo akajagari gashobora gukurura imvururu, zibabuze ituze n’umutekano usesuye, mu gihe hari abashobora kwiha inshingano zo kubavugira batabifiye uburengnzira, aho kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo by’abaturage bagakemura ibyabo bwite.

Baba banyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga

Nta muntu n’umwe uri hejuru y’amategeko, nta muntu n’umwe ufite uburenganzira bwo kuvugira Abanyarwanda atabifite mu nshingano, ahabwa n’itegeko. Ingingo y’Itegeko Nshinga isobanura neza inkomoko y’Ubutegetsi “Ubutegetsi bwose bukomoka ku Banyarwanda kandi bugakoreshwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri Tegeko Nshinga. Nta muntu cyangwa itsinda ry‟abantu bashobora kwiha ubutegetsi. Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ni ubw’Abanyarwanda bakoresha ubwabo binyuze muri referandumu, mu matora asanzwe cyangwa binyuze ku babahagarariye”.

Abajya bavuga ko bavugira Abanyarwanda banyuranya n’ibyo Itegeko Nshinga riteganya kandi bihanwa n’Amategeko. Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho uburyo bushoboka kugira ngo bube umuyoboro w’ibitekerezo, ibyifuzo n’inzira icamo ibibazo abaturage bafite kugira ngo bikemuke.

Mu bavuga ko bavugira Abanyarwanda babikora ku bw’inyungu zabo bwite, bagamije indamu n’indonke ndetse no gusuzugura inzego ziriho za Leta. Ibyifuzo by’umuntu ku gite cye ntibikwiye kumvikana nk’ibyifuzo bya rubanda.

Ufite ikibazo, icyifuzo n’igitekerezo abicisha mu nzira zigenwa n’amategeko akabikora atanyuranyije n’ibyo amategeko ateganya, hirindwa kuyobya rubanda no gukwirakwiza ibihuha bishobora guhungabanya ubusugire bw’Igihugu n’ituze rya rubanda. Abavuga ngo ndavugira abaturage, ndavugira Abanyarwanda bakwiye kugaragaza ababatumye abo ari bo n’ububasha bafite, aho gukomeza kuyobya rubanda ku bw’inyungu zabo bwite, umururumba n’inda nini bibasunikira mu kubaka ikinyoma cyo gushakiramo amaramuko.

Umusesenguzi Karangwa Sewase yavuze ko inzego zivugira abanyarwanda zigenwa n'amategeko