Byatangajwe kuri uyu wa 17 Ukuboza 2025 n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurirashamibare, NISR, ubwo cyamurikaga ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku nshuro ya karindwi.
DHS ni ubushakashatsi bwatangiye gukorwa mu 1992, ariko bukaba bukorwa buri nyuma y’imyaka itanu kuva mu 2000. Bugaragaza ibipimo by’uko ubuzima bw’abaturage buhagaze mu bijyanye n’uburumbuke, kuboneza urubyaro, inda ziterwa abangavu, ubuzima bw’umubyeyi n’umwana n’ibindi.
Mu bipimo by’ingenzi byavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi, NISR yagaragaje ko igipimo cy’uburumbuke mu Banyarwanda kigeze ku bana 3,7 ku mugore umwe, kivuye kuri 4,1 mu 2020. Ni ukuvuga ko umugore wo mu Rwanda abyara nibura abana 3,7 kugeza acuze.
Intara y’Iburasirazuba ni yo ifite ibipimo biri hejuru, aho umugore waho abarirwa nibura abana 4, Amajyepfo ni abana 3,9, Amajyaruguru ni 3,8, Iburengerazuba ni 3,4, mu gihe mu Mujyi wa Kigali ari 3,1.
Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bwerekanye ko abagore 98% babyarira kwa muganga ndetse bakitabwaho n’abaganga babifitiye ubushobozi bavuye kuri 95% mu 2020. Ni mu gihe 95% bahawe serivisi zo kwita ku bagore batwite, 78% babashije kwisuzumisha inda inshuro enye cyangwa zirenga, mu gihe 68% babashije kwisuzumisha mu gihe cy’iminsi ibiri nyuma yo kubyara.
DHS 7 yagaragaje ko abagore bubatse bari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 49 bakenera serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro ari 78%, aho 64% bakoresha uburyo bugezweho, 5% bakoresha uburyo gakondo, mu gihe 9% baba batarabona uburyo bubanogeye.
Igipimo cy’igwingira mu bana cyageze kuri 27% mu 2025, kivuye kuri 33% mu 2020. Mu 2020 uturere 20 twari dufite igipimo cy’igwingira mu bana kiri hejuru ya 30%. Uturere 11 ni two turi hejuru ya 30%. Uturere twiganjemo igwingira cyane ni Gicumbi aho riri kuri 38,8%, Burera 37,6% na Ngororero 35,5% rivuye kuri 50,5% mu 2020 muri ako karere.
Abana bapfa batarageza imyaka itanu bagaragabanyutse bava kuri 45 mu bana 1000 byariho mu 2020, bagera kuri 36 mu bana 1000 mu 2025. Abana bapfa bavuka bavuye kuri 33 bagera kuri 27 mu bana 1000, naho abapfa bamaze amezi make bavutse bava kuri 19 mu 2020 bagera kuri 17 mu 2025.
Ababyeyi bapfa babyara na bo baragabanyutse bava kuri 203 mu babyeyi 100.000 mu 2020, bagera kuri 149 mu 2025.
Abana bahabwa inkingo zose z’ibanze bavuye kuri 96% bagera kuri 94%, aho mu mijyi biri kuri 93% mu gihe mu cyaro ari 95%. Ni mu gihe abahabwa inkingo zose nk’uko biteganwa n’inzego z’ubuzima mu Rwanda bari kuri 82%, aho mu mijyi ari 85% mu cyari bakaba 80%.
Abangavu baterwa inda bariyongereye
Ubu bushakashatsi bwa karindwi ku bwiyongere n’ubuzima bw’abaturage (DHS 2025), bwagaragaje ko abangavu baterwa inda biyongereye bakagera kuri 8% bavuye kuri 5% mu 2020. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bangavu bari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 19, aho aba 19 babarwa ari ababyaye batarageza imyaka y’ubukure mu myaka itanu ishize.
Abangavu batewe inda batarakandagiye mu ishuri ni 21%, mu gihe abize amashuri abanza gusa ari 13%, abize ayisumbuye ni 4%.
Minisitiri w’Ubuzima, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, yavuze ko muri rusange imibare y’ubu bushakashastsi yerekana ko akazi kakozwe gatanga umusaruro, nubwo hakiri urugendo rure kandi rusaba kwihuta kurushaho.
Yagaragaje ko uretse ibipimo bitatu, ibindi byose bimeze neza, bakaba bagiye gushyira imbaraga no muri ibyo ngi byo kugira ngo na byo bijye ku gipimo gikwiriye.
Yagize ati “Icya mbere ni ikibazo cy’abangavu babyara bakiri bato noneho bikaba byaba bibagiriaho n’ibindi bibazo…ni ikibazo kitari gishya, aya makuru aje ashimangira ibyo twari tuzi n’ubundi twari tumaze igihe duhangana na byo, yaba guverinoma mu nzego zitandukanye, yaba n’umuryango nyarwanda ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa.”
“Biratwereka ko abana babyara batarageza igihe imibare ikiri hejuru ndetse habayeho no kwiyongera kuva kuri 6% kugeza kuri 8%, ni ikibazo kigaragara kandi tugomba guhangana na byo.”
Dr. Nsanzimana yavuze ko hari ibyakozwe mu myaka mike itambutse bateganya ko umusaruro wabyo uzatangira kugaragara vuba, kuko ubu bushakashatsi ari ubwo mu myaka itanu ishize.
Yavuze ko muri ibyo byakozwe “harimo amategeko yavuguruwe, harimo kwegereza serivisi zifasha, ndetse no gukomeza kwigisha mu miryango yacu no mu mashuri kugira ngo abana be kuva mu mashuri kuko bagize ikibazo cyo gutwita bakiri bato.”
Icy’abangavu babyara bakiri bato, Minisitiri Dr. Nsanzimana, yavuze ko ari na cyo kivamo ahanini ikindi gipimo cya kabiri cy’abana bagira ibibazo bavuka cyangwa ababyeyi babyara, kuko imibare igaragaza ko abangavu babyaye bakiri bato, ahanini babyara abana bafite ibibazo cyangwa badashyitsi.
Yanagaragaje ko binajyana n’abana bagwingira kuko abo bana bababyara baba batarageza igihe cyo gushaka ngo babashe kwita kuri abo bana mu buryo bukwiriye.
Ati “Turi gushyiramo imbaraga nta bwo tubitangiye uyu munsi…hari gahunda yo kwihutisha kurwanya igwingira yatangiye mu 2023, itangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa umwaka ushize, iri kwihutishwa…ibi rero batweretse nta bwo bishobora kutwereka umusaruro w’ibyo, kuko batwerekaga ibyo mu gihe cyahise, umusaruro w’ibyo uzagaragara mu bihe biri imbere, harimo igi rimwe ku mwana, harimo gukwirakwiza amazi meza…”
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NISR, Ivan Murenzi, yavuze ko amakuru akubiye muri ubu bushakashatsi agaragaza ko mu bintu hafi ya byose hari intambwe igenda iterwa, “gusa kuri ibi bintu bireba imibereho y’abantu, ntabwo bihagije kugira ngo uve ku rwego rumwe urekere aho, ukwiye gukomeza utera intambwe, ishusho ikwiye gukomeza ijya mu cyerekezo cya nyacyo.”
Yongeyeho ati “Icya kabiri ni uko hari aho bigenda bijya mu buryo, ariko bidahuye neza n’icyerekezo. Ibyo icyo bivuze ni ukuvuga ngo hari intego igihugu kiba gifite ariko noneho twebwe nk’ikigo cy’ibarurishamibare tukagaragaza aho bigeze, bikabafasha kongera kwisuzuma, ese birasaba iki? Niba izi mbaraga zaradufashije kugera kuri uru rwego, kugira ngo tugere ha handi birasaba iki?”
Umujyi wa Kigali uherutse kuza ku mwanya wa mbere muri Afurika mu mijyi byoroshye kugera kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi mu rutonde rwakozwe n’Ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique muri uku kwezi, rugaragaza uko imijyi yorohereza abayituye n’abayigenda kubona serivisi z’ubuvuzi.
Bamwe mu baturage bagaragaza ko bafitiye icyizere inzego z’ubuzima zo mu Rwanda, ndetse n’imbaraga zigenda zishyirwa mu kwita ku buzima by’umwihariko ubw’umubyeyi n’ubw’umwana.
Uwase Noella wo mu Karere ka Kicukiro, umubyeyi w’abana babiri, yagaragaje ko iyo atwite yitabwaho n’abaganga mu buryo bukwiriye, haba kumukurikirana no kumuha inama, ndetse ko mu gihe cyo kubyara icyo abaganga baba bashyize imbere ari ubuzima bwe n’ubw’umwana.
Ato "Bandebera uko ubuzima bwanjye buhagaze kuko iyo umuntu atwite umubiri we uba washobora guhura n’imihindagurikire itandukanye inatunguranye. Ikindi cyiza ni uko haba hari abaganga bagushishikariza kwiyitaho no gufata ibyo umubiri ukeneye, ndetse n’ibyo uwo ntwite akeneye ndetse banaduha ibinini byongera amaraso kuko akenshi abagore barayabura mu gutwita."
“Nubwo iyo ugiye kwa muganga nko muri leta haba hari abarwayi benshi, ariko abaganga bagerageza kubitaho, nta we barangaranye, ku buryo ugira icyizere ko iyo ubyariye kwa muganga ibintu byose biri bugende neza. Nk’iyo ugiye kubyara bagerageza kugukurikirana kugeza ubonye umwana, na bwo bakamenya uko ubuzima bwe buhagaze, haba hari ikibazo bakabanza kumuvurira muri néonatologie (ahatangirwa ubuvuzi bw’abana bakivuka).”
Yagaragaje ko ikindi kimutera kujya kwa muganga ari uko azi ko mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara umubiri ushobora kugira impinduka zitandukanye, bityo abaganga ari bo bashobora kumufasha.
