Ku ruhande rwa Leta ya RDC, iyi nyito ikoreshwa mu kuvuga ko miliyoni z’Abanye-Congo bishwe ubwo hasahurwaga umutungo kamere w’igihugu cyabo, by’umwihariko amabuye y’agaciro akenerwa mu ikoranabuhanga rya none nka coltan, tantale, tungstène n’andi. Leta ya RDC ivuga ko ibyo byago bikwiye kwitwa Jenoside kandi bikemerwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.

Nubwo ari ikibazo kireba Congo, igisobanuro cyacyo kireba n’abaturanyi barimo u Rwanda. Rwo rubibona ukundi. Ruvuga ko “Genocost” ari igikoresho cya politiki kigamije kuyobya uburari ku bibazo by’imbere muri RDC, kwirengagiza uruhare rw’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa mu makimbirane amaze imyaka irenga mirongo no kugerageza guhindura amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda.

Iki kibazo cyafashe indi ntera mu gihe umubano w’u Rwanda na RDC ukomeje kuba mubi, by’umwihariko kubera ikibazo cy’umutwe wa FDLR ukorera mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC n’intambara ya FARDC na AFC/M23.

Ni inyito itavugwaho rumwe

Nubwo ubu “Genocost” ivugwa n’abayobozi bakuru ba RDC, si ijambo rimaze igihe kirekire mu mateka ya politiki y’icyo gihugu. Ryatangijwe mu 2013 i Londres n’abarwanashyaka bo muri Congolese Action Youth Platform, CAYP, nk’ihuriro ry’amagambo “genocide” na “cost”, rigamije kuvuga Jenoside ngo yaba yarakozwe ku mpamvu z’ubukungu.

Bahisemo tariki ya 2 Kanama ngo nk’umunsi wo kwibuka ibyaha byakorewe muri RDC kuva mu myaka ya 1990. Iyo tariki bayihuje n’itangira ry’umutwe wa Rassemblement congolais pour la démocratie, RCD, warwanyije ubutegetsi bwa Laurent-Désiré Kabila mu 1998, mu ntambara ya kabiri ya Congo.

Icyakora no muri RDC ubwaho, itariki n’ibihe “Genocost” igomba guheraho ntibivugwaho rumwe. Hari abayihuza na 1998, abandi bakavuga 1996 ubwo hatangizwaga AFDL ya Laurent-Désiré Kabila; mu gihe Fonarev, ikigega cya Leta ya RDC gishinzwe indishyi z’abakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku ntambara n’ibyaha bikomeye, yo ivuga ko amateka agomba guhera mu 1993, mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda.

Ibi ubwabyo bigaragaza ikibazo cy’iyi nyito kuko ntihari ubwumvikane ku bihe ivuga, ku byaha biyigize, ku bagize uruhare muri byo, cyangwa ku itsinda ryaba ryaribasiwe ku buryo bwateguwe nk’uko amategeko mpuzamahanga asobanura Jenoside.

Abanye-Congo ntibavuga rumwe kuri 'Genocost' bitewe n'igihe ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi buvuga ko ubwicanyi bwatangiriye

RDC ivuga ko ari ikibazo cy’ubutabera n’icyubahiro

Ku ruhande rwa Kinshasa, “Genocost” isobanurwa nk’urugamba rwo guha izina ububabare bw’Abanye-Congo bamaze imyaka bicwa, basambanywa, bakurwa mu byabo cyangwa bagizwe impunzi imbere mu gihugu cyabo.

Abashyigikira iyi nyito bavuga ko amakimbirane yo muri RDC adashobora gusobanurwa gusa nk’intambara zishingiye ku moko cyangwa ku makimbirane y’imbere mu gihugu, ahubwo ko afite ishingiro mu nyungu z’amahanga n’ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Mu 2023, nyuma y’uko “Genocost” yinjijwe mu mategeko ya RDC binyuze mu itegeko ryo ku wa 26 Ukuboza 2022 ryanashyizeho Fonarev, Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yayoboye umuhango wa mbere wemewe na Leta wo kuyibuka. Mu 2025, RDC yafunguye urwibutso rwa “Genocost”, inatangaza ko izubaka izindi nzibutso esheshatu mu gihugu.

Tshisekedi yanagejeje iki kibazo mu Muryango w’Abibumbye, avuga ko umuryango mpuzamahanga ufite inshingano za politiki n’iz’ubumuntu zo kwemera ko ibyabaye muri RDC ari Jenoside.

Impamvu u Rwanda rubona “Genocost” nk’intambara ya politiki

U Rwanda ruvuga ko ikibazo atari ukwanga ko hari Abanye-Congo bapfuye cyangwa bahohotewe. Rwemera ko RDC yagize ibyago bikomeye by’intambara, ubwicanyi, ihohoterwa n’imiyoborere mibi yamaze imyaka myinshi.

Icyo u Rwanda rwamagana ni ukugerageza kwita ibyo byaha bya “Jenoside” mu buryo ruvuga ko budahuye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, kandi bugakoreshwa mu nyungu za politiki zo gushinja u Rwanda no gupfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Olivier Nduhungirehe, yigeze kugaragaza ko Jenoside atari ijambo rikoreshwa uko umuntu yishakiye. Yavuze ko risobanurwa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, kandi ko ibyaha by’ubukungu cyangwa ibyaha bikorwa ku mpamvu zo gusahura umutungo bigira amazina yabyo: ruswa, imiyoborere mibi, kunyereza umutungo wa rubanda n’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, bitewe n’uko byakozwe.

Ibi ni byo Rwanda rushingiraho ruvuga ko kuba RDC yarahuye n’amakuba adasanzwe bidahita bivuga ko buri bwicanyi bwose bwitwa Jenoside.

Mu mategeko mpuzamahanga, Jenoside isaba kugaragaza umugambi wo kurimbura itsinda ririnzwe n’amategeko, ari ryo itsinda rishingiye ku bwoko, irangamimerere cyangwa idini.

Iyo umugambi nk’uwo utagaragajwe neza, ibyaha bishobora kuba ibyaha by’intambara cyangwa ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, ariko ntibihita biba Jenoside.

“Genocost”, inyito yibasira ubwoko

“Genocost” ikoreshwa na Fonarev ifite imvugo ishyira icyaha ku bwoko.

Fonarev isobanura “Genocost” nk’ubwicanyi bwakorewe “Abantu b’Abanye-Congo” itegurwa n’abo yita “Abatutsi bo mu Rwanda, Uganda n’u Burundi”. Iyi mvugo u Rwanda rukunze kugaragaza ko iteye akaga kuko ishobora guhindura ububabare bw’abaturage igikoresho cyo kubiba urwango rw’amoko.

Iyo mvugo kandi iza mu gihe mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC hakomeje kugaragara imvugo n’ibikorwa byibasira Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda, by’umwihariko Abatutsi. Mu bihe bitandukanye, amashusho yagiye agaragaza Abatutsi bicwa, batwikwa cyangwa bakorerwa ibikorwa by’urugomo bazira uko basa cyangwa uko bakekwa.

Ni yo mpamvu u Rwanda ruvuga ko ubutegetsi bwa RDC budakwiye kwigira abavugizi b’icyo bita Jenoside mu gihe imbere mu gihugu hakiri imvugo n’ibikorwa bibangamira Abatutsi n’abandi Banye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda.

Umuvugizi w’Ibiro by’Umukuru w’Igihugu, Stephanie Nyombayire, yigeze kuvuga ko u ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa buri “guhimba Jenoside” kugira ngo buhishe inenge zabwo. Yavuze ko Abanye-Congo bapfuye mu myaka ishize n’abakomeje gupfa bazira imiyoborere mibi, Leta yananiwe kurinda abaturage ahubwo abayobozi bashyira imbere inyungu zabo kurusha umutekano w’abaturage.

“Genocost” yahindutse igikoresho cy’icengezamatwara

Ubukangurambaga bwa RDC bwo kwemeza amahanga “Genocost” bwahuriranye n’iyubura ry’intambara mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, aho Kinshasa ishinja u Rwanda gushyigikira AFC/M23.

Umushakashatsi Pierre Boisselet wo mu Kigo Ebuteli yavuze ko uburyo Kinshasa ikoresha iyi nyito bushobora kuba bugamije kugaragaza ko ububabare bw’Abanye-Congo bungana cyangwa buruta ubw’Abanyarwanda bazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bityo bikambura u Rwanda icyo yise “uburemere bwihariye mu rwego rw’imyitwarire” rukomora ku mateka ya 1994.

Impuguke mu mategeko mpuzamahanga zagaragaje ko gukoresha inyito itaramenyekana mu rwego rw’amategeko bishobora kugorana, kuko Leta zidashobora guhatirwa kwemera icyo zitigeze zemeranyaho.

Aha ni ho Rwanda rushingira ruvuga ko niba hari ibyaha byakorewe muri RDC, bigomba gukorwaho iperereza, ababigizemo uruhare bagashyikirizwa ubutabera, ariko bitanyuze mu guhimba inyito nshya ikoreshwa mu kurwana intambara ya politiki.

Perezida Tshisekedi ari kwifashisha ijambo 'Genocost' nk'igikoresho cy'icengezamatwara

Hari Abanye-Congo batemeranya na leta

Abatangije ubukangurambaga bwa “Genocost” batangiye gushidikanya ku buryo Leta ya RDC ibukoresha.

CAYP, ihuriro ryatangije iyi nyito, ryanenze ubukangurambaga bwa Kinshasa isanga burimo kuba bwinshi mu nama, ibiganiro n’ibikorwa byo kwiyerekana, aho gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zifatika zo kurengera abaturage no gufasha abahuye n’ibyaha.

Hari n’abanenga Kinshasa bibaza uburyo Leta ivuga ko iharanira ubutabera ku byaha by’intambara, ariko ikaba irimo abayobozi bavugwaho uruhare mu makimbirane ya kera. Urugero rutangwa ni urwa Jean-Pierre Bemba, uri mu butegetsi bwa Tshisekedi, ariko wavuzwe mu mateka y’intambara ya kabiri ya Congo.

Hari abandi bavuga ko gushaka ubutabera bitagomba kunyura mu gukoresha amateka nabi, mu gutwerera ibyaha ubwoko runaka, cyangwa mu gushaka guhangana n’amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ifite amateka, abagize uruhare, umugambi, inyigisho z’urwango, inzego za Leta zayishyize mu bikorwa, n’ibyemezo by’inkiko mpuzamahanga byayemeje. Kuyigereranya n’inyito nshya itaramenyekana mu mategeko mpuzamahanga bishobora gufatwa nk’uburyo bwo kuyipfobya.

Inyito ya 'genocost' yatangijwe na Tshisekedi, nyuma yo kugirana umubano mubi n'u Rwanda