Amatora y’Umukuru w’igihugu ateganyijwe tariki 3 Kunama ku Banyarwanda batuye mu mahanga mu gihe ab’imbere mu gihugu bazayakora ku bukeye bwaho. Ku wa 27 Kamena 2017, nibwo Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Amatora (NEC) izatangaza by’agateganyo abakandida bazahatanira umwanya wa Perezida mbere y’uko tariki 7 Nyakanga 2017 itangaza listi ntakuka y’abakandida bemejwe. Kwiyamamaza kw’abakandida kuzatangira, tariki ya 14 Nyakanga kugeza ku ya 03 Kanama 2017.

Mu buryo buzifashishwa mu kwiyamamaza, harimo imbuga nkoranyambaga nka WhatsApp ikundwa cyane n’urubyiruko, Facebook, Instagram, twitter n’izindi zizafasha abakandida kumenyekanisha imigabo n’imigambi bafitiye igihugu cyabo.

Mu matora y’Umukuru w’igihugu yabaye mu bihugu binyuranye bya Afurika, mu gihe cyo kwiyamamaza kugeza ku munsi w’amatora nyir’izina, byagiye bifunga imbuga nkoranyambaga na internet ahanini bashyira imbere impamvu z’umutekano. Bimwe mu bihugu byafashe iyo ngingo ni nka Congo Brazzaville mu 2016, Uganda mu 2016 n’ahandi.

Ikinyamakuru ″Le Point″ cyo ku wa 21 Ukwakira 2016, nacyo cyagarutse ku bihugu byo muri Afurika byagiye bifunga imbuga nkoranyambaga mu gihe gisatira amatora, kivuga ko mu 2015 muri Afurika hafunzwe imbuga nkoranyambaga inshuro 50, naho mu 2016 zifugwa inshuro 20.

Mu Rwanda imbuga nkoranyambaga zahawe rugari

Nk’uko bikubiye mu mabwiriza ya Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Amatora (NEC), imbuga nkoranyambaga zitandukanye, zahawe rugari mu bikorwa byo gufasha abakandida kwiyamamaza mu matora y’Umukuru w’igihugu kugira ngo banyuzeho ubutumwa bwabo.

Abakandida bazi neza ko mu gihe bazaba bazikoresheje, imigabo n’imigambi ndetse n’ibitekerezo byabo, bizagera kuri benshi kandi mu buryo bwihuse ndetse banakoreshe amafaranga make.

Abiyamamaza kandi nta gushidikanya ko bazifashisha imbuga nkoranyambaga cyane Twitter mu gushaka amaboko mu Banyarwanda batuye mu mahanga, aho bazajya bagaragaza ibikorwa byabo, kandi batiriwe batanga amafaranga menshi bajya i Burayi n’ahandi gushaka amajwi. Uretse ibyo kandi, abatuye hanze bazajya babasha gukurikira ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza by’umukandida runaka bakoresheje izo mbuga.

Kuri ubu, imibare y’Abanyarwada batunze telefone yerekana ko barenga miliyoni umunani ndetse abakoresha Murandasi (Internet), bagera kuri 36.5% by’abaturage bose, ni ukuvuga abasaga miliyoni 3.6 nk’uko imibare yo mu 2015 ibyerekana. Ibyo byumvikanisha uko uwaba abashije gukoresha neza izo mbuga mu bikorwa byo kwiyamamaza, akagaragaza ibikorwa bihamye byateza imbere igihugu, nta kabuza ko yahakura amajwi n’amaboko menshi yazamushyigikira ku munsi nyir’izina w’amatora.

Urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda kandi rurakataje mu gukoresha cyane ikoranabuhanga harimo n’imbuga nkoranyambaga, kandi birazwi neza ko runagize 60% by’abazitabira amatora, bivuze ko gukoresha izo mbuga ku bakandida hari icyo byabafasha mu kugeza ibikorwa byabo ku bagize umubare munini w’abazatora ndetse bikaba byaba amahirwe menshi k’uwagaragaza imigabo n’imibambi ibanyuze, kuba yatsinda byoroshye.

Iyi ngingo yabanje gutera impaka

Ingingo yo gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mu bikorwa byo kwiyamamaza yaje guteza igisa n’ubwumvikane buke mu baturage nyuma y’aho NEC yari imaze gutangaza ko izagenzura uko abakandida baziyamamaza bazazikoresha n’ubutumwa bazanyuzaho.

Iyi ngingo yamaganywe bikomeye ndetse bigera no ku bayobozi bakuru b’igihugu barimo Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Louise Mushikiwabo wavuze ko uyu mwanzuro udakwiye kuko Abanyarwanda bafite ubumenyi buhagije, kandi bubahiriza amategeko, ku buryo uyarenzeho yabibazwa aho kuniga ibitekerezo by’abaturage.

Nyuma yo kubona ko abantu batishimiye umwanzuro yari yafashe, Komisiyo y’Amatora yisubiyeho ndetse ivugurura ingingo z’itegeko rigenga amatora, aho iyari yateje impaka ijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’imbuga nkoranyambaga yanogejwe ikomorera ikoreshwa ry’izo mbuga ariko habuzwa ko hagira umukandida uziyamamaza akoresheje konti z’ikigo cya Leta cyangwa ibindi bigamije inyungu rusange.

Ingingo yo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu matora ya Perezida wa Repubulika uyu mwaka yanafashije Leta kugabanya ingengo y’imari izayakoreshwamo kuko ari miliyari 5.5 aho yagabanyutseho miliyoni 500 ugereranyije n’amatora ya 2010.

Abaturage nabo biteguye abiyamaza ku mbuga nkoranyambaga

Uko ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere mu Rwanda, n’abaturage biteguye uko kwiyamaza kw’abakandida hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, bakanabona ari uburyo bwiza.

Munyazikwiye Cyprien, umunyeshuli muri Kaminuza Yigenga ya Kigali (ULK) avuga ko ari byiza ariko bidakozwe neza bishobora kubangamira bamwe.

Ati ″Ubutumwa bw’abiyamamaza bushobora kuzabangamira abantu bahora babwohereza buri kanya, nk’ubu hari abantu bamwe na bamwe batangiye kujya bohereza video ngufi zerekana kwiyamamaza kwabo, kandi igihe kitaranagera.″

Mugenzi we, Mutesi Jeanine ati ″Kuri njye mbona imbuga nkoranyambaga zizafasha abiyamamaza kuko ubutumwa bwabo bazabasha kubugeza ku bantu benshi kandi mu buryo bwihuse ndetse icyongeye zikoreshwa n’abantu benshi.”