Web3 ni uburyo bwizewe cyane mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga mu kubika amakuru atandukanye, ku buryo ataba yakwibwa cyangwa ngo ahindurwe n’aba-hackers uko biboneye nk’uko bishobora gukorwa ku bwari busanzwe buzwi nka Web2.
Web2 ni uburyo bwifashishwa mu kubaka imbuga zitandukanye cyangwa porogaramu za mudasobwa cyangwa uruhererekane rwazo, aho abantu basangira cyangwa bakabona amakuru ariko abitswe kuri serveur imwe ku buryo uyagezeho akayahindura abantu bose babona ibyahinduwe.
Zimwe mu mbuga zikoresha ubu buryo bwa Web2 ni nka Google, Facebook, YouTube n’izindi, ku buryo amakuru abantu babona kuri izo mbuga aba abitswe kuri serveur zazo ziri mu bice bitandukanye by’Isi, iyo serveur ikaba imwe igaburira ibihumbi by’abo mu gice iherereyemo bayikeshaho amakuru.
Ni ububiko buba bugenzurwa n’ibyo bigo bitandukanye, ndetse bigashyiraho n’amategeko y’uko abantu bazajya babona amakuru n’uko bayakoresha.
Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, kuri Web2, ubifate nk’ibigo binini twagereranya nka Google, Facebook n’ibindi bifite inyubako zitandukanye (ari bwo bwa bubiko bw’amakuru) buri wese abikamo ibintu bye.
Muri iyo nzu umuntu ahabwamo icyumba, icyo twakwita nka konti ufite kuri Facebook cyangwa ku rundi rubuga, ariko nyir’inzu agashyiraho amabwiriza ugomba kubahiriza, ndetse akaba afite imfunguzo z’icyumba cyawe agera kuri buri kimwe ufiteho, ndetse akagutegeka uko ugikoresha.
Niba ubyumva neza ni nk’ikigega cy’amakuru kigaburira abayakeneye bose. Iyo umujura cyangwa undi wese ugambiriye ikibi ageze kuri icyo kigega, ibirimo byose ashobora kubihindagura uko yiboneye, abagikesha amakuru bose bagakomeza guhabwa ibyo byahinduwe.
Ibi bitandukanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya Web3, kuko aha uba ugenzura amakuru ku bwawe nta wundi uyafiteho ubushobozi, amakuru arinzwe ndetse ari mu byo twakwita amatsinda (blockchain) aho kuba serveur imwe y’ikigo runaka.
Bikora mu ruhererekane rw’amatsinda abitse amakuru, icyakora buri tsinda (block) rishya rikaba rifite amakuru afitanye isano n’ari mu ryaribanjirije, kugira ngo amakuru abe asa n’uwahindura ayo mu itsinda rimwe andi asigare nk’umwimerere.
Ni ukuvuga ngo umuntu umwe aba afite amakuru n’undi ayafite, ku buryo wowe utahindura ayo afite cyangwa ngo we abe yahindura ayo ufite, n’iyo ubigerageje ahinduka ni ayawe gusa andi ntabe yahinduka, ariko buri wese afite uburenganzira bwo kubona ay’undi.
Buri tsinda kandi riba ririndiwe umutekano n’imfunguzo (keys) zitandukanye kuri buri tsinda ibyumvikana ko kwinjiriramo nta burenganzira ufite biba bidashoboka.
Ikindi cyiza bigasaba ko ushobora gusangira amakuru n’anandi bayakoresha bidasabye ko bya bigo binini birimo ibyo twavuze haruguru bibigiramo uruhare.
Iri koranabuhanga kandi rifite ubundi buryo bufasha kubika ayo makuru ariko bufitweho uruhare na buri wese, ibizwi nka ‘Internet Computer Prorocal, ICP’.
ICP na yo umuntu yayita nka serveur ariko ifitweho uburenganzira na buri wese (decentralised), aho umuntu yubaka nk’urubuga, cyangwa porogaramu ya mudasobwa akayishyiraho, ikaba yagera kuri buri umwe uyishaka.
Iyi ICP ni yo ituma izo mbuga cyangwa izo porogaramu zikoreshwa ariko muri bwa buryo bwa blockchain, bigafasha no kwihuta cyane ugereranyije n’uburyo busanzwe bwa web2.
Umuyobozi wa ICP Rwandan Community Mike Sebakara, yavuze ko batangiye ari abanyamuryango 10 bazajya bakora ibikorwa bitandukanye ariko bishingiye kuri iri koranabuhanga rishya.
Ni ukuvuga ngo buri muntu wese azajya akora imirimo ye asanzwe akora mu bijyanye n’ikotranabuhanga, ariko akorera kuri ya ICP, banagire uruhare mu kwigisha n’abadasobanukiwe n’iri koranabuhanga cyane ko ari rishya.
Ati “Tuzajya dutegura amahurwa mu gihugu cyose ajyanye n’ubu buryo bushya, dufasha abari muri uru rwego kubaka porogaramu zibushingiyeho cyane ko Isi ari ho iri kugana mu bijyanye no kubaka imbuga, porogaramuza za mudasobwa n’urusobe rwazo n’ibindi.”
Umuyobozi mu Ishami ry’Ikoranabuhanga muri IPRC Kigali, Donatien Sabushimike yavuze ko iri koranabuhanga rigezweho ku buryo na bo batangiye kubyigisha abana babo, kuko ari bwo buryo bwizewe “bitari bya bindi amakuru yajyaga ku kadomo kamwe.”
Ati “Gukoresha iri koranabuhanga byongera icyizere mu bantu, bikagabanya amanyanga, haba mu guhererekanya amafaranga, mu bucuruzi n’ahandi. Amakuru aba acangacanze ku buryo bitari bya bindi by’imashini imwe umuntu ashobora kwinjirira byose bikarangira. Ni ikoranabuhanga rigiye guheka Isi. Niyo mpamvu tugomba kubyiga.”
Ikigo gikora ubushakashatsi cya Grand View Research kigaragaza ko iri koranabuhanga riri mu rigezweho ku buryo mu 2023 ryabarirwaga agaciro ka miliyari 17$, kikagaragaza ko mu minsi iri imbere rigiye kwigarurira ikoranabuhanga mu Isi, aho biteganywa ko mu 2030 agaciro karyo kazaba kageze kuri miliyari 1431$.










Amafoto: Dukundane Ildebrand
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