Ni mbere ho umwaka umwe ugereranyije n’igihe Igihugu cyari cyariyemeje kugera kuri iyo ntego, kuko muri Gicurasi 2020 ari bwo Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije yari yatangaje ko iyo 38% ingana na toni miliyoni 4,6 z’imyuka ya “dioxyde de carbone” izaba yagabanyijwe mu 2030.

Bijyanye na gahunda y’igihugu ishingiye ku masezerano mpuzamahanga y’i Paris (Paris Agreement), yo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe no guteza imbere ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije.

Ayo masezerano yemejwe mu Ukuboza 2015 u Rwanda rukayasinyaho byeruye muri Nzeri 2016, afite intego nyamukuru yo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku buryo ubushyuhe bw’Isi butarenga degrés Celsius 2, bikaba akarusho bubaye munsi ya degrés Celsius 1,5.

Gusa impungenge zikomeje kuba nyinshi bitewe n’uko ibihugu byinshi byananiwe kugera ku ntego byihaye yo kugabanya ingano y’imyuka yanduza ikirere byohereza, bigatuma ubushyuhe bw’Isi bukomeza kwiyongera.

Nk’urugero kuva mu myaka 174 ishize, ibipimo by’ubushyuhe byafashwe byerekana ko 2023 ari wo mwaka Isi yagize ubushyuhe buri hejuru kuva mu 1850, aho impuzandengo yabwo yageze kuri degrés Celsius 1.45.

Guverinoma ivuga ko kugira ngo intego yo kugabanya 38% by’imyuka ihumanya ikirere izagerweho mu myaka itanu iri imbere, bimwe mu by’ingenzi bizakorwa harimo kongera ubushobozi bwo kuburira mbere, gusubiranya ibyogogo byangiritse, kunoza imicungire y’ibishanga, no kunoza neza imicungire y’amashyamba hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Hakubiyemo no kongera ibiti bya gakondo hamwe n’ibiti byihanganira imihindagurikire y’ibihe, ibivangwa n’imyaka, ndetse n’ibiti by’imbuto ziribwa. Ibyo bizongerwaho kwegereza abaturage ingemwe z’ibiti.

Icyizere cyo kubigeraho kirangana iki?

Muri Gicurasi 2024, Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije yagaragaje ko hakiri icyuho cya miliyari 7,1$ kugira ngo u Rwanda rwese umuhigo w’uko nibura mu 2030 rwazaba rwagabanyije 38% by’imyuka yangiza ikirere rwohereza.

Miliyari 11$ ni yo yasabwaga muri rusange, aho u Rwanda ruzishakamo 40% naho 60% agaturuka mu nkunga. Arimo miliyari 5,3$ agenewe guhangana n’ingaruka ziterwa n’iyangirika ry’ikirere zamaze kubaho, na miliyari 5,7$ agenewe gushyiraho ingamba zikumira iyangirika ry’ikirere.

Kuba igice kinini cy’amafaranga asabwa ngo iyo ntego igerweho kitaraboneka, bishobora gutera impungenge ko byazakoma mu nkokora igihe Guverinoma yihaye cyo kuba byagezweho.

Icyakora Guverinoma igaragaza ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere hazakusanywa arenga miliyari 3$, azafasha kubaka ubushobozi bwo gushyigikira imishinga n’ibikorwa bigamije guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu bice byose by’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Igihugu.

Ayo nakusanywa, hazaba habura make ku buryo inkunga zateganyijwe niziboneka uko byitezwe, nta kabuza 2029 izarangira u Rwanda rweshe umuhigo wo kugabanya 38% by’imyuka ihumanya ikirere rwohereza.

Amasezerano ya Paris akubiyemo ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zizajya zitanga miliyari 100$ ku mwaka, yifashishwa n’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere mu ikoranabuhanga n’ibikorwa bigamije guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, no guteza imbere ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije.

Inganda ni hamwe mu haturuka imyuka ihumanya ikirere