Ku 31 Ukwakira 2024, ni bwo Ambasaderi Kayonga Charles yashyikirije Perezida Ilham Aliyev wa Azerbaijan, impapuro zimwemerera guhagararira u Rwanda muri icyo gihugu, ariko afite icyicaro muri Turikiya.

Ni intambwe yashimangiye umubano ukomeje kubakwa hagati y’ibihugu byombi, cyane ko n’abakuru b’ibihugu bombi bahuye mu bihe bitandukanye, bagashimangira ko bashaka gushyira imbaraga mu gukomeza kubaka umubano n’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Ambasaderi Kayonga, nk’umudiplomate mushya, yaganiriye n’ikinyamakuru cyo muri icyo gihugu cyitwa ‘Report News Agency’, agaruka kuri byinshi azibandaho mu gihe cye nka Ambasaderi, amateka y’ibihugu byombi, ndetse n’ibyo ibihugu byombi byashyiramo imbaraga mu kubaka ubufatanye.

Ni hehe ubona hakwiye gushyirwa imbaraga mu guteza imbere umubano mwiza hagati y’ibihugu byombi?

Ambasaderi Kayonga: Ibintu nzibandaho cyane nka Ambasaderi muri Azerbaijan, icya mbere, ni ugusigasira no guteza imbere umubano mwiza usanzweho hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu bya politike na dipolomasi. Ibi bizakorwa binyuze mu guteza imbere imikoranire mu bya politike ndetse no gusangira ubunararibonye hagati y’abanyapolitike b’ibihugu byombi n’inzego z’ubuyobozi.

Umusaruro uzava muri ibyo uzaba kumva ibintu kimwe mu bya politiki ndetse no gushyigikirana kw’ibihugu byacu byombi ku ruhando mpuzamahanga, gukorera hamwe ku rwego rw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye n’ahandi.

Ikindi kintu nzibandaho ni uguteza imbere ubucuruzi. Nzashishikariza abacuruzi bo muri Azerbaijan n’ibigo byaho gushora imari mu Rwanda ndetse no mu karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, iyo hagati n’iy’amajyepfo muri rusange.

Igihugu cyanjye, u Rwanda, giherereye aho ibyo bice bikungahaye ku mutungo kamere n’abaturage benshi bihurira. Azerbaijan na yo ifite ubukungu buteye imbere, ikoranabuhanga ryisumbuyeho ndetse n’inararibonye ishobora gusangiza akarere kacu ku bw’inyungu z’impande zombi. Hari amahirwe y’ubufatanye mu rwego rw’uburezi, siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga, umuco ndetse no gusangira inararibonye hagati y’abantu n’abandi.

Ikindi nzitaho ni ugushaka abafatanyabikorwa bashora mu mishinga itandukanye irimo inganda, ubucukuzi, ndetse na serivisi. Hari itsinda ry’abantu bacu bateganya kugirira uruzinduko inaha mbere y’impera z’Ukuboza.

Amwe mu mateka u Rwanda ruhuriyeho na Azerbaijan ni Jenoside. Abaturage b’ibihugu byombi bahuye na Jenoside mu bihe bitandukanye. Ni iki wabivugaho?

Kuva Umuryango w’Abibumbye utangaje uti Ntibizongera Ukundi, nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi, Jenoside yakomeje kwibasira abantu mu buryo butandukanye. Ku rugero rwacu nk’u Rwanda, tubona ko abakoloni ari bo bafite uruhare runini kuko ni bo batangiye gucamo ibice no kubiba ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside, ibintu bitari byarigeze birangwa mu muryango wacu.

Ibyo byari bishingiye ku muvuno wabo wo gutanya kugira ngo bayobore, ari byo abakoloni bakoresheje mu gukandamiza abantu bacu. Kwigarurirwa k’ubutaka bwa Azerbaijan n’ingabo z’amahanga mu bihe byashize ndetse bagahindura byinshi kugira ngo bayobore iki gihugu n’abantu bacyo, ni kimwe n’ibyo abo bakoresheje mu Rwanda.

Icya kabiri tubona cyagize uruhare muri Jenoside mu Rwanda, ni abayobozi bari barayobye bahawe ubutegetsi nyuma y’ubwigenge. Aba bari ibikoresho by’abakoloni, ntibari bafite ibitekerezo byabo ubwabo, ni yo mpamvu bashyigikiwe n’abakoloni bashakaga kubagumisha ku butegetsi mu gihugu cyacu.

Bakomeje gucengeza politike y’ivangura mu gihugu ari byo byatumye mu Rwanda hatangira kubaho Jenoside [Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi], yatangiye bwa mbere mu bihe byo gushaka ubwigenge, hanyuma no mu 1994.

Ku wa 12 Ugushyingo, muri COP29, abahagarariye ibihugu bya Afurika bahurije hamwe ijwi, basaba ko hagira ingamba zifatwa ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, kwangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ndetse no kurinda uburenganzira bw’abantu bagizweho ingaruka n’ubukoloni. Ese u Rwanda rwari ruhagarariwe muri icyo gikorwa, ubundi se ubitekerezaho iki?

U Rwanda ntirwitabiriye iyo myigaragambyo, ntitugomba kwigaragambya kugira ngo dutume ibitekerezo byacu ku bijyanye n’ibidukikije bimenyekana. Dufitanye amasezerano na Azerbaijan yashimangiwe cyane na Perezida wa Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliev, ubwo yafunguraga ku mugaragaro inama ya COP29 kuwa 12 Ugushyingo uyu mwaka, ndetse no mu zindi nama.

Twemera ko ibi bihugu bifite amateka y’ubukoloni bigomba gukora byinshi mu gutanga ubufasha bufatika ku bihugu by’ibirwa bito, cyane kuko ibihugu by’abakoloni byakoresheje ibi bihugu nabi bikanagira uruhare mu kwangiza ibidukikije muri ibyo bihugu.

Azerbaijan iri gutegura inama mpuzamahanga zitandukanye ku bukoloni bushya. Mu 2021, komisiyo y’abanyamateka yamurikiye Perezida w’u Bufaransa inyandiko ifite umutwe ugira uti “U Bufaransa, u Rwanda na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi (1990-1994)”. Ese iyi nyandiko wayivugaho iki? U Rwanda ruhagaze he ku bijyanye n’ubukoloni bushya?

Nk’ibindi bihugu byakolonije, u Bufaransa ntibwashatse gutanga ubwigenge bwuzuye ku bihugu bwakolonije, ahubwo bwashyizeho ingamba zo kuguma buyoboye ibyo bihugu mu bundi buryo. Imwe muri izo ngamba yari ugushyiraho abayobozi b’icyitiriro ngo babe ari bo bayobora. Ibi ni byo bakoze mu Rwanda, bagaheza abayobozi bashoboye.

N’ubwo u Rwanda rutakolonijwe n’u Bufaransa, bwubatse umubano wa hafi n’u Rwanda bitewe n’ururimi rw’Igifaransa, ndetse n’aho igihugu giherereye hafi y’ibihugu bikoresha Igifaransa byo muri Afurika yo Hagati. Uruhare rw’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda rwagaragaye cyane ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Habyarimana wagiye ku butegetsi akoze coup d’état mu 1973.

Uretse Politike y’ubuhezanguni yo kwanga Abatutsi, ndetse abafata nk’aho ari abaturage batuzuye, u Bufaransa bwamuhaye ubufasha butandukanye burimo imyitozo ya gisirikare, guha igisirikare ibikoresho ndetse no gufasha inzego z’ubutasi.

Ubu bufasha bw’u Bufaransa bwatumye Habyarimana yanga ubusabe bw’impunzi zashakaga gutaha, by’umwihariko z’Abatutsi bari barameneshejwe nyuma ya Jenoside ya mbere yabaye mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, hafi y’ubwigenge.

Iki kibazo cyo kutagira igihugu, cyatumye Abanyarwanda bari mu buhunzi batangira urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu mu Ukwakira 1990. Iyi ntambara yari ibibazo by’Abanyarwanda ubwabo, Abanyarwanda na FPR Inkotanyi, ishyaka ryatangije intambara, yabaye nk’igikorwa gitunguye Habyarimana.

FPR yahoze ishyigikiye ibiganiro by’amahoro byabayeho mu gihe cy’iyo ntambara, gusa u Bufaransa bwafashije umwambari wabwo, bwohereza ingabo n’ibikoresho ndetse bunategeka uwo bakoranaga bya hafi Marshall Mobutu Sese Seko wayoboraga Zaire, koherereza Habyarimana ubufasha.

Ibikorwa by’u Bufaransa byatumye Habyarimana akomeza ibikorwa bye bya gisirikare, ibyo bikorwa byashyigikiwe n’ibyifuzo byabo byo kuguma mu Rwanda, ari byo byagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ni izihe ngamba ufite zo guteza imbere ubufatanye bushingiye ku muco?

Ibihugu byacu bisangiye umuco umwe bishingiye ku mateka byombi bihuje, arimo aheruka ajyanye no kwibohora ndetse n’urugamba rwo kwiyubaka. U Rwanda na Azerbaijan bihuje umuco gakondo, kabone n’ubwo bitandukanyijwe n’aho biherereye ariko hari byinshi bihuriyeho.

Abaturage bacu basangiye indangagaciro zo kwigira no kwihesha agaciro. Twembi duha agaciro ubufatanye, umubano mwiza ndetse n’ubufatanye mu bwubahane n’abaturanyi bacu. Ndateganya kuzerekana umuco w’u Rwanda binyuze mu mamurika ndetse no gusangizanya umuco. Ubukerarugendo bushobora kuba ubundi buryo bwo gutuma abantu bacu bahura n’abo mu bindi bihugu.

Ni ibihe bicuruzwa Azerbaijan ikunda kugura mu Rwanda, n’ibyo u Rwanda rukura muri icyo gihugu?

Ahubwo navuga ku byo Azerbaijan ishobora gukura mu Rwanda n’ibyo u Rwanda rwayikuramo. Icya mbere, u Rwanda rushobora kohereza muri Azerbaijan ni icyayi n’ikawa bizwiho kugira uburyohe ntagereranywa. Dufite n’ibindi bikomoka ku buhinzi nka avoka, imyembe ndetse n’indabo,

Mu bindi bice, dushobora kohereza muri Azerbaijan amabuye y’agaciro aboneka hake, mu gihe twe dushobora kwinjiza peteroli ivuyeyo ndetse n’ibikoreshwa nk’imiti.

Ambasaderi Charles Kayonga yavuze ko azateza imbere ishoramari hagati y'u Rwanda na Azerbaijan

Muri Azerbaijan ni ho haherutse kubera COP29