Inyamaswa zitwa “non-avian dinosaurs” kimwe na bitatu bya kane by’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa zabaga ku Isi zitakiriho, zashizeho bitewe n’uko Isi yagonzwe n’ibuye rifite ingufu zibarirwa muri toni ibihumbi 72 mu myaka miliyari 66 ishize.

Iryo buye ni ryo ryacukuye umwobo ma kilometero 180 ahari Ikigobe cya Yucatán muri Mexique y’uyu munsi.

Nubwo bigoye kumenya umubare uhamye w’ingano y’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa zashizeho kubera ibikorwa bya muntu, Urwego rushinzwe kubungabunga inyamaswa zo mu gasozi ku Isi, IUCN, rugaragaza ko kuva mu myaka 500 ishize, ubwoko 777 bw’inyamaswa bumaze kuzima burundu.

Muri bwo, ntibizwi neza ngo ubwamazweho n’abantu ni bungahe. Gusa hagaragazwa ko inyinshi muri izo nyamaswa, niba atari zose, zashizeho bitewe n’uko abantu bangije ibidukikije.

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko abantu batangiye kwangiza ibidukikije mbere y’imyaka ya 1500 ishize, ariko ko nta nyigo zakorwaga muri icyo gihe ngo harebwe inyamaswa zashizeho kubera iyo mpamvu.

Kuba IUCN yarakoze ubusesenguzi 5% gusa by’inyamaswa zizwi ku Isi yose, na byo bituma hatekerezwa ko izashizeho zitavugwa ari zo nyinshi.

Inyigo yamuritswe n’Ikinyamakuru Biological Reviews mu 2022, yagenekereje ko ubwoko bw’inyamaswa buri hagati ya 150 000 na 260 000 mu zizwi zose, bushobora kuba bwaragiye bushiraho mu myaka 500 ishize.

Icyakora iyo mibare ntiyavuzweho rumwe kuko bamwe bavuze ko ishobora kuba irimo gukabya, aho Robert Cowie wigisha muri Kaminuza ya Hawaii yavuze ko ubwoko bw’inyamaswa 100,000 mu busaga miliyoni ebyiri buzwi ari bwo bwashizeho burundu.

Nyuma yo gusesengura inyigo zitandukanye zigaruka ku mubare w’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa buriho kuva mu myaka ya 1500, ubutekerezwa ko bwazimye burundu ndetse n’ubushobora kuba bwaba bwarazimye biturutse ku biza kamere; ikinyamakuru Live Science cyanzuye ko ubwoko bw’inyamaswa zashizeho kubera ibikorwa bya muntu nibura bwaba ari 381 150.

Icyakora bamwe mu bashakashatsi barimo na John Alroy wigisha muri Kaminuza ya Australia, batekereza ko uwo mubare ari agatonyanga mu Nyanja kuko bisa n’ibidashoboka kumenya ingano y’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa zashizeho muri iyi myaka ya vuba.

Inyigo yamuritswe mu Kinyamakuru PLOS Biology mu 2011, yagereranyaga ko hashobora kuba hariho ubwoko bw’inyamaswa bugera kuri miliyoni 7,7.
Ibyo bituma abashakashatsi bemeza ko hakenewe kubanza hakemezwa umubare ndakuka w’ubwoko bw’inyamaswa buhari, hakabona gukomeza gushaka kumenya izashizeho.

Ibyo bizajyana no kwita ku mwihariko wa buri karere k’Isi kuko hari iziba mu duce tumwe zitaba mu tundi.

Ihurizo rikomeye rigihari, ni uko hatekerezwa ko udusimba duto cyane turimo utugoye kubonesha amaso (insects) ari two tubamo amoko menshi kurusha izindi nyamaswa.

Hari abatekereza ko inzu ndangamurage zikwiye kwiyambazwa muri bene ubwo bushakashatsi kugira ngo hamenyekanye nk’amakuru yimbitse kuri zimwe mu nyamaswa zabayeho kera.

Hari bumwe mu bwoko bw'inyamaswa zashizeho burundu