Ubwo iki Kigega cyashyirwaho, Abanyarwanda bangana na 8% gusa nibo bari bafite ubwizigame bw’igihe kirekire burimo n’izabukuru, nabo bakaba bari biganjemo abantu bakora mu mirimo igengwa n’amategeko (formal work), benshi babona umushahara wabo mu bihe bihoraho nka nyuma y’ukwezi.

Birumvikana ko igice kinini cy’Abanyarwanda batari bafite ubwizigame, ari nayo mpamvu Leta yatekereje uburyo yashyiraho Ikigega bashobora kwifashisha, bakazigamira ahazaza habo mu bushobozi bafite.

Ibi kandi binashingira ku kuba umubare w’abantu bagana mu zabukuru uzarushaho kugenda wiyongera. Mu Ibarura ry’abaturage ryo mu 2012, umubare w’Abanyarwanda bari hejuru y’imyaka 60 wari ibihumbi 500. Icyo gihe ryagaragaje ko mu 2032, uwo mubare uzikuba kabiri, ari nayo mpamvu hatekerejwe iki kigega kugira ngo kizagoboke abaturage bari kurushaho kugana mu za bukuru.

Kwizigamira ntabwo byari bisanzwe ari umuco mu Banyarwanda benshi, ari nayo mpamvu Leta yashyizeho uburyo bwo kubashyigikira muri urwo rugendo binyuze muri gahunda ya nkunganire (incentives) yagombaga gufasha abazatera iyo ntambwe bakizigamira.

Kuva ku bwizigame bwatangiye gutangwa mu 2018/2019, Guverinoma yongereraga umunyamuryango uri mu cyiciro cya mbere, icya kabiri n’icya gatatu wujuje ubwizigame busabwa, amafaranga adashobora kurenga ibihumbi 18Frw ku mwaka.

Mu nama iherutse guhuza ibigo by’ubwishingizi ku Mugabane wa Afurika yabereye mu Rwanda, Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe ibigenerwa Abanyamuryango mu Rwego rw’Ubwiteganyirize, RSSB, Dr. Regis Hitimana, yagaragaje ko hari intambwe ikomeye imaze guterwa muri iyi gahunda, kuko umubare w’abizigamira n’amafaranga bizigamira byose byakomeje kuzamuka, nubwo ibihe bya Covid-19 byashegeshe ubukungu.

Yagaragaje ko kugera mu mpera za Kanama uyu mwaka, abanyamuryango ba Ejo Heza bamaze kurenga ibihumbi 900, mu gihe amafaranga y’ubwizigame muri rusange amaze kurenga miliyari 24 Frw. Igishimishije ni uko yaba ikigero cy’ubwizigame hagati y’abagabo n’abagore kijya kungana, kuko kiri kuri 50%.

Muri ubu bwizigame bwose, abakora mu mirimo yanditse bagize 10% by’abafite ubwizigame bose, ariko uruhare rwabo rukangana na 30% by’ubwizigame bwatanzwe.

Muri rusange, 78% by’umutungo wa Ejo Heza ni ubwizigame bw’abanyamuryango, 10% agaturuka muri nkunganire itangwa na Leta, 10% rikava mu nyungu z’amafaranga yashowemo naho 2% akaba amafaranga iki kigega gifite kuri konti.

Mu ishoramari ryakozwe na Ejo Heza, 92% byaryo biri mu mpapuro mpeshamwenda mu gihe 8% yashowe mu mitungo itimukanwa.

Dr. Hitimana yavuze ko icyizere kigirirwa Ejo Heza gituruka ku mikorere myiza ya Leta y’u Rwanda, atanga urugero rw’uko abaturage banyuzwe na gahunda zirimo nka gahunda y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza izwi nka mituweli, bityo bakaba barorohewe no kumva iyi gahunda ya Ejo Heza.

Ati "Ejo Heza ni inyongera [kuri gahunda ya mituweli], nyuma y’imyaka myinshi y’imikoranire hagati y’abaturage na Leta. Ejo Heza ni inyongera y’icyo cyizere n’uwo mubano hagati ya Leta n’abaturage."

Yongeyeho ko iki cyizere kinashingira ku buryo amafaranga y’abaturage akoreshwa neza, ibituma abaturage bayatanze batagira impungenge z’uko azakoreshwa mu buryo bubi cyangwa se akanyerezwa.

Ati "Ikindi ni uko iyo utumva ibibazo by’amafaranga yibwe cyangwa yakoreshejwe nabi bikomeza kongera icyo cyizere. Ntekereza ko amafaranga yashyizwemo na Leta nayo yabigizemo uruhare."

Nkunganire ya Leta ishobora kuvugururwa

Dr. Hitimana yavuze ko Leta ishobora kuvugurura Nkunganire ishyira muri Ejo Heza, ku buryo itangira guhabwa abayikeneye kurusha abandi. Yashimangiye ko bari gusuzuma iby’iyi Nkunganire kugira ngo hazafatwe icyemezo kizima kuri iyi ngingo.

Yagize ati "Ikigega cya Ejo Heza cyashyizweho na Leta yemera gushyiramo amafaranga ya Nkunganire, gusa uyu munsi turi gutekereza uburyo twavugurura itangwa ry’amafaranga ashyirwamo na Leta."

Uyu muyobozi yavuze ko ikiguzi Leta ishyira muri Ejo Heza kiri kugenda cyiyongera bitewe n’uko iki Kigega kiri gukura, bityo ko mu rwego rwo kugabanya iki kiguzi, hari gusuzumwa uburyo amafaranga ya Nkunganire agishyirwamo yajya ahabwa abayakeneye kurusha abandi.

Ati "Turi kubisuzuma, hari gahunda iri gukorwa kugira ngo duhuze inyongera ishyirwamo na Leta aho ishobora kugira umumaro munini. Gusa nanone uko Ikigega gikura, [gushyiramo amafaranga ya Nkunganire] biri kugenda birushaho guhenda Leta. Niyo mpamvu twifuza gushyira imbaraga mu bayikeneye cyane kugira ngo igire umumaro munini.”

Imwe mu mpamvu ikunze gutuma abantu banga kwitabira gahunda zo kwizigama by’igihe kirekire, ni uko baba bafite impungenge z’uko amafaranga bizigamiye bakiri bato, azaba yarataye agaciro mu gihe bazakenera kuyakoresha mu myaka iri imbere.

Mu guhangana n’iki kibazo, Ejo Heza yishyura abanyamuryango bayo nyuma y’uko habazwe ikigero cy’itakazagaciro k’ifaranga, bagahabwa angana n’igihe bayahereweho.

Leta ishobora guhagarika amafaranga ya nkunganire yagenerwaga abanyamuryango ba Ejo Heza