Umusanzu w’ubwiteganyirize wari usanzwe uri kuri 6%, umukozi agatanga 3%, umukoresha nawe agatanga 3%. Guhera muri Mutarama, uzagera kuri 12% ariko ukazakomeza kwiyongera ku buryo uzagera kuri 20% uhereye mu 2027 kugeza mu 2030. Muri icyo gihe, ni ukuvuga hagati ya 2027 na 2030, hazajya hiyongeraho 2%.

Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB, Regis Rugemanshuro, yasobanuye impamvu byari ngombwa ko umusanzu uzamurwa ubu, no kuba hatarashyizweho igihe cyo kwitegura ku kuzabishyira mu bikorwa.

Yavuze kandi uburyo abazahura n’imbogamizi zo gushyira mu bikorwa iki cyemezo bazafashwa, impungenge z’uko hari abakoresha bashobora kwirukana abakozi n’ibindi

Rugemanshuro Regis amaze imyaka ine ayobora Urwego rw'Igihugu rw'Ubwiteganyirize, RSSB

IGIHE: Impamvu zo kuzamura uyu musanzu zirumvikana, cyane ko biri mu nyungu za buri munyamuryango, ariko hari ibibazo abantu bakomeje kwibaza:

Kuki mwahise mugena ko umusanzu utangira gutangwa muri Mutarama? Ntabwo byari kuba byiza guha igihe abakoresha bakabanza kwitegura izi mpinduka?

Ibi biganiro byahereye kera mu 2012. Inyigo ya pansiyo ikorwa buri myaka itatu, icyo gihe byerekanaga ko ukurikije uko ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda bwateye imbere, ikiguzi cyo kubaho, ibigenerwa abanyamuryango, kugira ngo ikigega kibashe gukora ibyo kigomba gukorera abanyamuryango cyane abari muri pansiyo bitari bihagije.

Ariko muri ibyo biganiro byabaye mu 2015 byongera kuba mu 2018 no mu 2021 harimo na Covid-19 twabonye ko atari cyo gihe.

No kuva mu 2012 iyo ibiganiro byabaga, icyavugwaga ni uko atari cyo gihe kuko twarebaga uko ubukungu buhagaze, ibiciro ku masoko n’ibindi tukareba icyakorwa, bisubikwa mu 2015.

Indi nyigo yo mu 2015 yagaragaje ko ibigomba kuzamurwa harimo n’imisanzu ariko bigaragara ko atari cyo gihe, hemezwa ko aho kugira ngo tuzamure umusanzu kuko abakoresha bagaragazaga ko byagira ingaruka ku bakozi, hemezwa ko hazamurwa imyaka ya pansiyo iva kuri 55 igera kuri 60.

Mu 2018 kuko tutagombaga kuzamura imyaka, hemejwe ko hazamurwa amafaranga umuntu ahabwa ava kuri 5000 Frw bigera kuri 13000 Frw, mu 2021 harimo Covid-19.

Inyigo zigenga ubwishingizi bw’igihe kirekire bw’izabukuru, zigaragaza ko uko utinda gukora impinduka kandi ugomba kubikora ni ko igihe ubikorera bizahenda kurushaho.

Icyo gihe inzego nka PSF n’izindi, muri icyo gihe cyose zaganiraga. Twaganirije abayobozi bose hatangwa ibitekerezo byiza.

Baje kwemeza ko ubu biteguye?

Barebye niba ubu ari cyo gihe cyiza, bavuga ko twakongeraho andi mezi, ariko hazamo ubwumvikane, hagaragazwa ko nubwo bigoye ariko bishoboka, kuko ari mu nyungu za buri Munyarwanda wese.

Ntabwo ari uko twirengagije ko bitazagorana, ahubwo ni ukuvuga ngo niba koko bikenewe kandi nitutabikora ubu bizatugora cyangwa bizagora abazadukurikira, turavuga ngo kuki tutabikora ubu?

Twanumvikanye ko ahazakenerwa ubufasha buzatangwa mu buryo bunyuranye. Icya ngombwa si ukugora abakoresha ahubwo hari icyo dushobora kwikorera ariko uwo bizagora azoroherezwe nk’uko mu bihe bya Covid-19 byagenze.

Nta mpungenge ko iyi gahunda izatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa abantu batarayitegura, bikaba umuti bafashe ariko batiteguye kuwumira?

Impinduka ntabwo ziremereye nk’uko abantu babitekereza kuko umusanzu wa pansiyo mu icungamutungo ni ibyasohotse, iyo ugiye kwishyura umusoro wa Leta hari ibyo ukuramo kandi basanzwe bakuramo.

N’iyo 6% yiyongereye ntizavamo. Twongereye ubwizigame bw’umukozi ariko tugabanyije n’umusoro w’umukoresha.

Ni ukuvuga ko hari ayo watangaga aha ugiye kuyatanga hariya, kuyashyira mu bwizigame bw’umukozi bihinduka iby’igihe kirekire.

60% by’umutungo wa RSSB biri mu yashowe mu bikorwa by’igihe kirekire, ari muri banki cyangwa se muri BNR bitavuze ko yicaye arimo gukora imishinga ya Leta, ibikorwa Leta iba yateganyije bifitiye inyungu Abanyarwanda.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RSSB yahumurije abakoresha, ababwira ko impinduka zakozwe zitagoranye nk'uko babitekereza

Hari abakozi bafite impungenge ko umushahara wabo ugiye kugabanyuka…

Hari abo nabonaga bavuga ngo umuntu wari ufite ideni muri banki bagiye kumukata 6%, bizagenda bite? Imibare yerekana ko nk’umuntu wahembwaga umushahara w’ibihumbi 50 Frw (agera kuri konti ye) cyane cyane ko mu rwego rw’abikorera ibyo twaganiraga bavugaga bati n’ubundi ni twe tuzabikora [tuzatanga 6%] bati ‘uwo rero n’ubundi umubajije 3% yitangiraga n’ubundi ntayo azi, bivuze ko n’ubundi ayo abara ni ayo atahana mu rugo.

Ese ni angahe ku mukozi wahembwaga ibihumbi 50 Frw? Ni amafaranga 1500 Frw ugereranyije. Ukoze imibare itwereka ko uwahembwaga ibihumbi 50 Frw (agera kuri konti ye) bamutangira iyo 3% n’indi misanzu yose bamutangiraga azitangira 1500 Frw, uwahembwaga ibihumbi 100 Frw ni 3270 Frw umukoresha ashobora kumutangira, ni byo twasabye abakoresha bagerageze batangire abakozi ayo mafaranga.

Byumvikana ko kwizigamira 3270 Frw yiyongera ku yo nizigamiraga, bikamfasha gusaza neza, bigaha igihugu amaboko yo gukora imishinga tutabashaga gukora ni ikintu rwose cyaba ari cyiza.

Abazagorwa no gutanga umusanzu, muzabafasha mute?

Urugero naguha dushobora kuvuga tuti nk’ibyakozwe muri COVID-19 ko ugomba kumenyekanisha ariko ukaba uvanyemo ibirarane byawe byose nyuma y’uko umwaka urangira.

Abo bidashobokeye koko, ushobora gutangira kumenyekanisha ariko ibyo ugomba kubisaba hagendewe ku mpamvu yihariye. Icyo nshaka gushimangira ni uko Leta iyo ifashe umwanzuro nk’uyu hamwe n’abakozi n’abakoresha bo mu rwego rw’abikorera, ibyaganiriweho birumvikana, birasobanutse, birakenewe ariko tunemeranye ko dufatanya.

Hari abakoresha bakora uburiganya mu kumenyekanisha imisanzu y’abakozi, nk’uhembwa ibihumbi 600 Frw bakagaragaza ko ahembwa ibihumbi 100 Frw kugira ngo bishyure imisanzu mike. Ni iki mugiye gukora kugira ngo umukozi ntabigenderemo ya misanzu mushaka ntiboneke?

Icyo ni icya kabiri mu mpinduka zizatangira muri Mutarama [2025], iya mbere ni iriya iva kuri 6% ikagera kuri 12% ugasimbuka umwaka ikagenda izamukaho 2% gasangiwe ikazagera kuri 20% mu 2030.

Iya kabiri ni iyo guhuza umushahara utangirwaho umusanzu, aho yari umushahara w’ibanze. Impamvu byahinduwe ni ukugira ngo urwo rugero mutanze rutazongera gushoboka.

Hari urugero dufite, ufashe abakozi babiri umwe ahembwa ibihumbi 177 Frw undi ahembwa ibihumbi 562 Frw (umushahara ugera kuri konti) ariko umwe w’ibihumbi 177 Frw umushahara we batangiraho umusanzu ni bihumbi 109 Frw bakongeraho n’ibindi 100 Frw by’urugendo, ariko ayo ageza mu rugo ni ibihumbi 177 Frw.

Wa wundi utahana 562 Frw we umushahara batangiraho umusanzu ni 109 Frw ariko ay’urugendo ni ibihumbi 600 Frw. Abo bantu uko byari bimeze ubu, banganya umushahara kuko bareba imyaka itanu yawe ya nyuma, bafata 2% bagakuba n’imyaka wakoze ubwo ni hagati ya 35 na 40. Ubundi ubona 80% y’imyaka itanu yawe ya nyuma.

Aba bantu nibajya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru mu mwaka utaha, nibajya kubarirwa pansiyo bazahembwa amafaranga angana kuko umushahara batangiraho umusanzu wabo ni umwe.

Bazafata bya bihumbi 109 Frw bamukubire 80% azafata hafi ibihumbi 90 Frw, kandi iyo haba harabariwemo ayo mafaranga y’ingendo nk’uko twabikoze ubu uwo muntu yari kuzabona ibihumbi birenga 470 Frw.

Izi mpinduka zizatuma iryo tekinika ridashoboka.

Rugemanshuro yasobanuye ko uburyo bushya bwashyizweho, bugiye gutuma abakozi batangirwa imisanzu nta buriganya nk'ubwashoboraga kuboneka

Ikoranabuhanga rya Ishema mwashyizeho rigenderwaho mu gutanga imisanzu ryo rikora rite?

Kubera “Ishema”, ubu ntushobora gutangira bamwe imisanzu abandi ngo ubasimbuke kuko hari n’ababikora ugasanga atangiye abayobozi abandi bo hasi agiye abakuramo, agiye abasimbuka ukwezi. Ntushobora gutangira umuyobozi mukuru utatangiye wa wundi wo hasi.

Icya kabiri hari ‘imisanzu.rssb.rw’ nagira ngo nshishikarize Umunyarwanda wese ukora ajyemo arebe amakuru ye.

Iyo umenye uko uhagaze umenya ko umukoresha agutangira byose ukamenya niba hari n’ibirarane tukagufasha kubikurikirana ariko nawe ushobora kwibariza ukareba abakoresha bose wakoreye, ese abagutangiye ni bangahe, abagisimbutse ni bangahe?

Nta bantu mujya mwakira, bakabagezaho ibibazo by’uko batangiwe imisanzu idahuye n’ayo bakekaga?

Hari ikintu kibabaza nk’abantu baza bagiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ugasanga sosiyete nk’eshatu yakoreye zose zarafunze ntaho yabaza kuko atabimenye.

Ubu rero byaroroshye kuri telefone yawe ushobora kwirebera, amakuru yose arahari. Ni uguhera aho ukamenya ngo ese ubundi umukoresha arantangira, niba anantangira antangira buri kwezi?

Hari abatayatanga bakayacuruza, iyo bayacuruje hazamo ibihano n’inyungu ukazasanga noneho biranabagoye kwishyura bagafunga ikigo cy’ubucuruzi bagafungura ikindi.

Abadatanga umusanzu wa pansiyo, andi mahitamo yabo ni ayahe?

Tuvuge ko bidashoboka uri nyakabyizi, Ejo Heza irahari, ubwizigame w’igihe kirekire, ubu twungukira abanyamuryango barenga miliyoni 3, tukabungukira 11% buri mwaka.

Ayo ushobora kuyakoresha mbere y’imyaka 55, umaze kugira aho ugera wizigama, ushobora kuyakoresha nk’ingwate waka inguzanyo, wishyura amafaranga y’ishuri cyangwa se wivuza.

Mwavuze ko amafaranga nk’aya muyifashisha mu mishinga ibyara inyungu. Ni iyihe muteganya mu guteza imbere abikorera? Havuzwe ikigega cyo guteza imbere ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse?

Ikigega cyo gufasha ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse kizatangira gifite miliyari 30 Frw.
Kizatangira mbere y’uko Werurwe 2025 irangira. Ni ukuvuga ngo ayo mafaranga agomba gukoreshwa mu bukungu bwacu.

Mu biganiro mwaganiriye na PSF, mwibutse ikijyanye n’uko hari abashobora kuzagabanya abakozi, bagasigarana abo bashoboye kwishyurira?

Mu bo twaganiriye bari bahagarariye abandi bagaragazaga ko kuvana mu kazi abakozi kandi babakeneye ari ikibazo.

Icyo batekerezaga ahubwo ni ukuvuga ngo ba bandi bafite ni gute bababyaza umusaruro mwinshi kugira ngo ikigo kibashe kubona ubushobozi bwo kubagumana bose ndetse kibishyurire iyo misanzu mishya.

Birumvikana izo mpungenge zari zihari, ariko tumaze kubona ko ibintu ari byiza ndetse bikenewe ndetse bigomba gukorwa mu nyungu za twese, twaravuze ngo ni gute tuzakorana ngo tubigabanye.

Si uko bidashoboka na gato ariko gahunda ni uko aho bishobora kuba bigiye kuba, inzego zose zibishinzwe nka PSF, RSSB n’izindi za leta zizareba igikorwa kugira ngo ba bakozi batagabanyuka ahubwo twongere umusaruro, dutange agahenge ariko umuntu amenyekanisha ikibazo afite.

Gahunda si ukunaniza. Ni ukureba ngo nubwo bigoye ni gute twabikora bikagenda neza. Iyo ukora ikintu uragereranya ukareba ku mpande zose.

Ni yo gahunda turebe uko tugerayo kandi bishoboye. Ntabwo bizaba byoroshye ariko bizoroshya byinshi na none twiyimaga twashoboraga kubyiha.

Mwavuze ko nimumara kuzamura umusanzu n’ibyo abantu babonaga bizazamuka. Mwari mwavuze ko muzongera 20% by’amafaranga yose y’umusanzu. Ese ni angahe mu buryo bw’imibare. Uwabonaga 13.000 Frw azajya abona angahe?

Ni byo koko ntabwo 13.000 Frw byari bikwiriye ariko kubera ko ibyemezo byiza byagombaga gufatwa bitafashwe icyo gihe, kuzamura ibigenewe abanyamuryango utazamuye aho bituruka, nubwo byari bikenewe, byaratinze.

Ugereranyije ku mwaka RSSB yishyura abanyamuryango bari muri pansiyo arenga miliyari 60 Frw.

Iyo ufashe 20% ni hafi miliyari 12 Frw. Bivuze ko izo miliyari 12 Frw ziziyongera ku bari basanzwemo ariko n’abashya bazazamo bakazahera aho.

Navuga ko uwabonaga ibihumbi 13 Frw, hari inshuro azakubirwa. Imibare iri kunozwa bazabimenyeshwa mbere y’uko uku kwezi kurangira kugira ngo pansiyo ya Mutarama izagere kuri urwo rwego. Inshuro bazakubirwa ni zo ziri kwigwaho.

Ababona menshi bazabona inyongera nto, ariko ababona make bazabona ubwiyongere bwinshi kurusha abari hejuru. Tuzahura na bo tubabwire amakuru uko bizagenda kose.

Izi mpinduka zigiye gutuma imisanzu yatangwaga yongerwaho agera kuri miliyari 12 Frw. Uhereye ku wahabwaga amafaranga make (ibihumbi 13 Frw), buri wese azagerwaho n'inyongera

Umubare w’Abanyarwanda benshi ni urubyiruko, kandi iyo urebye ubona batarakangukira kwizigamira. Ntihari ubwo muzasanga mu myaka iri imbere Abanyarwanda nta bwiteganyirize bafite?

Hari ibihugu byinshi birimo n’ibyateye imbere bibyirengagiza bikisanga ahabi. Hari abo imyaka ya pansiyo irenze 70.

Hari ibihugu bifite abantu benshi bakuze, mu gihe abakiri mu mirimo baba badatanze nk’amezi atandatu, abari muri pansiyo nta wahembwa. Ntabwo dushaka kugera aho.

Nka RSSB, Leta muri rusange, PSF ndetse n’Abanyarwanda muri rusange turi magirirane iyo nsobanukiwe n’ibindeba na we bikureba turafashanya bikatugirira akamaro.

Ariko ni twe nka RSSB ba mbere bigomba guheraho tugakora akazi gakomeye abantu bakava mu rujijo ku bijyanye na pansiyo n’abantu bakabishishikarira.

Impamvu abantu batabishishikariraga ni uko amafaranga yari make. Waganiraga n’umuntu uri muri pansiyo akakwereka ko ibihumbi 13 Frw cyangwa 20 Frw abona bitari ibintu bikanganye.

Ariko ubu buri wese uragaragaza ko ashaka gusaza neza, ashaka kumenya ibisabwa n’ibindi. Dufite ingamba zigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa n’abari mu mashuri bakitabira.

Hari abanyamuryango usanga hari ibyo batabasha kubona, urugero nk’amacumbi ahendutse. Kuki mudashora imari mu macumbi ahendutse aho kugira ngo mubiharire abikorera?

Ikibazo cy’amacumbi aciriritse kimaze imyaka cyigwaho. Burya gukora ikintu cyiza iyo utagikoze neza biteza ibibazo biruta ibyo watekerezaga.

Amacumbi aciriritse uko gahunda iba iteye, ni inzu imeze neza ariko ishobora kugurwa. Bisaba ko ibintu byose, yaba ari igiciro cy’uko uzayubaka, ibikorwaremezo bizajyamo bigomba guhuzwa kugira ngo ushobore kugabanya igiciro ariko utagabanyije ubuziranenge.

Hari ikoranabuhanga ryo kubakisha kandi ubu ryatangiye kuboneka ryubaka ibintu byiza ku giciro cyiza, ibikorwaremezo, guhuza umubare w’inzu zigomba kujya hamwe kugira ngo bijyanye n’abo bigenewe.

Ndemera ko byatinze ariko muri uko gutinda harimo igeragezwa kuko ibintu byose dutangiye byo kubaka dukora inzu z’igerageza kugira ngo turebe koko iyi gahunda irakora?

Kuko hari benshi bacuruza igitekerezo bakakubwira ngo ibi bintu birakora wamubaza uti ese wabikoze he [ukabibura] wajya gusura ugasanga umushinga ntiwarangiye afite amafoto gusa.

Ni ikibazo tuzi kigomba gukorwaho kikabonerwa umuti, ariko kigomba gukorwa neza kuko hari imishinga myinshi yagiye itangira ari amacumbi aciriritse bikarangira ari ayo mu cyiciro cyisumbuye.

Twirinde gusubiramo amakosa kuko urashaka gukora neza ariko rimwe na rimwe kwihanganira kugerageza, ibintu uvuga wabikora aha, wabikoze aha, nimbikora koko tubikore hose.