Umunsi ku wundi, ibyari impuha byahindutse impamo biza no guhumira ku mirari ubwo abacanshuro bo muri Romania bari muri RDC, bamanikaga amaboko hanyuma bakishyikiriza M23 nyuma bakaza kunyuzwa mu Rwanda batashye mu bihugu byabo.

Muri Gashyantare 2023, nibwo ibimenyetso byatangiye kujya hanze kimwe ku kindi. Icyo gihe, abaturage bo mu Mujyi wa Goma, batangiye kubona abantu bitwaje intwaro, bagendagenda hirya no hino mu mujyi, kandi atari Ingabo za FARDC.

Bakundaga kuba bari kuri Hotel Mbiza i Goma, gusa bitewe n’uko icyo gihe umutwe wa Wagner wavugwaga cyane kubera intambara wari urimo hirya no hino, benshi baketse ko abarwanyi bawo ari bo bageze no muri RDC.

Uwahoze ari Ambasaderi w’u Burusiya mu Rwanda, Karen Chalyan, muri iyo minsi yabwiye IGIHE ati “Ndakumenyesha ko nta mukozi n’umwe wa Wagner uri muri RDC. Mu kwirinda ikindi kibazo gisa nk’icyo, nta muntu wo muri Guverinoma y’u Burusiya uwo ari we wese uri mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, uretse no kurwana.”

Urujijo rwakomeje kuba rwinshi ariko kera kabaye biza kumenyekana ko abari muri RDC biganjemo Abanya-Romania. Bari bafite amasezerano abita ko ari abantu batanga imyitozo ya gisirikare ku Ngabo za RDC. Nibo bagurutsaga drones Tshisekedi yari yaraguze mu Bushinwa, ariko nazo uko zari enye, M23 yazirashe imwe ku yindi.

Bahembwaga 5000$ ku kwezi, amafaranga yikubye inshuro nyinshi ahabwa umusirikare usanzwe wa RDC kuko we ashobora kudahembwa, bamupfa isoni akabona 100$.

Umuhuzabikorwa w’aba barwanyi, Constantin Timofti, ubwo Umutwe wa M23 wari umaze kwigarurira Umujyi wa Goma, yatangarije TVR, Televiziyo yo muri Romania, ati “Ingabo za Leta zamanitse amaboko zanga kurwana, duhitamo gusubira inyuma.”

Aba bacanshuro babarizwa mu mutwe witwa Asociatia RALF uyoborwa na Horațiu Potra. Ni umugabo ukomoka muri Romania uherutse gutabwa muri yombi n’inzego z’umutekano z’igihugu cye ashinjwa gushaka kubangamira ibikorwa by’amatora.

Bakundaga kugaragara mu Mujyi wa Goma hirya no hino

Ukuri kwagiye hanze, ikimwaro gikwira hose

Ku wa 29 Mutarama nibwo byamenyekanye ko abacanshuro bamanitse amaboko nyuma y’aho M23 ifashe Umujyi wa Goma, bakanga gukomeza kurwana. Ntibyarangiriye aho, bahise bishyikiriza Monusco.

Icyakurikiyeho, byari ibiganiro bigomba gutuma bava muri Congo. Nta yindi nzira bari bafite usibye iyo kunyura mu Rwanda kuko izindi zose zari zafunzwe, ni ukuvuga inzira yo mu mazi n’iyo mu kirere.

Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga muri Romania, Andrei Țărnea, yabwiye BBC ko “ibiganiro byari bigoye” kugira ngo birangire M23 yemeye gutanga abo yise “abarwanyi bakorera ikigo cyigenga”, ibashyikirize u Rwanda.

Ibiganiro byamaze amasaha menshi. Amakuru IGIHE yabashije kumenya ni uko M23 yashakaga ko bataha bambaye impuzankano ya gisirikare kuko n’ubundi bari abarwanyi bari ku rugamba ariko bo barabyanga.

Ubwo bagezwaga ku mupaka w’u Rwanda na RDC, barasatswe, ikintu cyose bari bafite kiragenzurwa. Bamwe bari bafite amadolari menshi mu mifuka yabo, bigaragara ko koko bakoreraga agatubutse.

Umwe muri bo twaganiriye, yavuze ko yari amaze ibyumweru bitatu i Goma. Ngo yari yarahageze mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2024 avuye muri Tunisia aho yakoreraga. Nk’igihamya, yeretse umunyamakuru pasiporo ye igaragaza igihe yaviriye muri Tunisia.

Bose ubwo bari ku mupaka, nta kintu bashakaga kuvuga, bari bameze nk’aho Ijuru ryabaguyeho. Hari uwo twabajije uko ibintu byifashe i Goma, asubiza ko ntabyo azi, ko mu nzira yose agana ku mupaka w’u Rwanda yari asinziriye. Icyo yatekerezaga ngo ni abana be n’umuryango, ndetse ko yari aruhutse kuba yari abonye uburyo bwo gutaha.

Inyandiko z’urugamba mu nzu babagamo

Nyuma y’aho bamanitse amaboko bambutse, nibwo itsinda ry’abanyamakuru ba IGIHE ryagiye i Goma. Ahantu ha mbere ryageze, ni mu nyubako aba barwanyi babagamo iri mu Mujyi rwagati mu gace kitwa ‘Quartier Les Volcans’.

Yari inzu nziza, nini kandi ngari. Ifite ibintu byose umuntu yakenera, kuva ku byumba by’inama, uruganiriro, ibyumba byo kuraramo, akabari, piscine n’ibindi.

Hari imyambaro myinshi ya gisirikare n’ibisigazwa byinshi by’amasasu bigaragara ko hari habereye imirwano. Hari kandi ahantu byabonekaga ko hagiye hangizwa n’amasasu kubera imirwano.

Mu byo twabashije kubona muri iyo nyubako, ni ibitabo bandikagamo imyanzuro y’inama n’izindi gahunda. Byinshi biri mu rurimi rukoreshwa muri Romania, gusa mu busemuzi IGIHE yakoze, zimwe muri izo nyandiko zagaragazaga “umugambi wo guhangana n’umwanzi.”

Harimo ibishushanyo bigaragaza uko aba barwanyi bazahangana na M23 bayitangatanze impande zose eshatu, ndetse mu mpapuro zimwe na zimwe, hari aho wasangaga bandika u Rwanda mu bo bitaga ‘abanzi’.

Asociatia RALF aba bacanshuro bakoreraga, yagize ibikorwa no bindi bihugu bya Afurika harimo nka Burkina Faso, RDC, Côte d’Ivoire, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Gambia, Guinea n’ahandi.

U Rwanda ntirwumva uburyo u Burayi bwose bwaryumyeho

Kuva aba bacanshuro bajya muri RDC, nta gihugu na kimwe cyo ku Mugabane w’u Burayi cyigeze kibamagana ku mugaragaro, ahubwo byararenze bitwerera u Rwanda ibibazo byose bya Congo.

Perezida Kagame aherutse kugirana ikiganiro na Jeune Afrique cyagarutse ku bibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, agaruka kuri ubu buryarya bw’Abanya-Burayi.

Ati “Guverinoma ya RDC yahaye akazi abacanshuro, nk’uko mwese mubizi. Baturutse he? Ni i Burayi. Waba warigeze wumva igihugu na kimwe cy’i Burayi cyamagana igifite abaturage babigizemo uruhare na guverinoma yabahaye akazi? Nta na kimwe. Ariko bakomeza gusubiramo ko byose ari amakosa y’u Rwanda.”

Abacanshuro muri Congo si aba none

Kuva mu 1960 kugeza mu 1965, RDC yabaye isibaniro ry’intambara nyinshi ndetse zagiye zigirwamo uruhare n’abacanshuro, barimo abamenyekanye cyane nka Thomas Michael Hoare.

Mu 1961 hamwe n’itsinda rye ryitwaga “4 commandos”, yarwanye ku ruhande rwa Moïse Tshombe bashaka ukwigenga kwa Katanga mu nyungu z’Ababiligi.

Mu 1964, yasubiye muri Congo mu ntambara ku ruhande rwa Tshombe, ajyanywe no kuyobora ingabo, ari kumwe n’abarwanyi basaga 300 bavuye muri Afurika y’Epfo, mu mutwe bise ‘Wild Geese’.

Nanone i Kisangani, abarwanyi bayobowe na Pierre Mulele bitwaga ‘Simba’, bari bashimuse abantu 1600 barimo Abanyaburayi bakoraga iyogezabutumwa.

Afatanyije n’abasirikare b’Ababiligi, abapilote bo muri Cuba n’abacanshuro bari bahawe akazi na CIA, Thomas Michael Hoare yatsinze aba Simbas ba Pierre Mulele i Kisangani.

Icyo gitero cyaje guhabwa izina rya ’Opération Dragon Rouge’.

Mu mvugo ze zitandukanye, yakunze kuvuga ko ushobora gutsinda intambara kandi wifashishije abaririmbyi bo muri korali.

Nanone, ku wa 7 Nyakanga 1967, Umujyi wa Bukavu waje kwigarurirwa n‘umucanshuro w’Umubiligi, Jean Schramme, wari uyoboye bagenzi be 120 n’abandi barwanyi 2500 bo muri Katanga, atangaza ko kuva ubwo ako gace kigenga nka État des Volontaires Étrangers (EVE).

Schramme yatangaje ko intego ye ari uguhirika ubutegetsi bwa Marechal Mobutu, agahorera urupfu rwa Lumumba hamwe na Pierre Mulele. Byamaze amezi ane gusa, mbere yo gutsindwa uruhenu.

Si abo gusa. Umucanshuro w’Umufaransa, Bob Denard, yagaragaye muri RDC mu 1961, agiye kwitabira coup d’etat Tshombe yashakaga gukorera Joseph Désiré Mobutu.

Yahagarutse mu 1964 hamwe n’abacanshuro bo mu Burayi no muri Katanga, kuri iyi nshuro barwana ku ruhande rwa Guverinoma ya Mobutu mbere yarwanyaga.

Benshi bibuka uburyo Che Guevara yageze muri Congo avuye iwabo muri Argentine, byitwa ko ashaka kwagura impiduramatwara.

Uretse mu myaka yo hambere, ubutegetsi bwa Joseph Kabila bw’ejo bundi nabwo ntibwasigaye.

Muri Kamena 2011, yaje kwisunga Umutwe ushinzwe Umutekano w’Abanyamerika, DynCorp. Uyu mutwe uzwiho kuba waratanze abacanshuro bo kujya kurwana mu bihugu bya Iraq na Afghanistan.

Icyo gihe Kabila yabishyuye miliyoni 17$, kugira go batoze FARDC.

Nta na rimwe merceneries bigeze bazanira RDC amahoro, ahubwo byose byarangiye mu bibazo bikomeye, basahura banashyira igihugu mu kangaratete.

Umutwe wa M23 washakaga ko bava muri Congo bambaye impuzankano ya gisirikare cyane ko ibyo barimo ari ibikorwa bya gisirikare

Bamwe muri bo bari barakoze no mu bindi bihugu mbere yo kujya muri Congo

Bari bamaze igihe barwana ku ruhande rwa Congo mu mugambi wayo mugari wo guhungabanya u Rwanda

Abacanshuro 288 nibo banyuze mu Rwanda bavuye i Goma