Benshi mu rungano iyo baganira bagaruka ku bibabanza bafite cyangwa ibyo bateganya kugura, ibihamya ya mvugo umutungo ukomeye benshi mu Banyarwanda bafite ari ubutaka.
Uyu mutungo benshi bifuza kugura bamwe ukanabahenda, ushingiyeho 29% by’ibibazo Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwakiriye mu 2023/2024, ndetse n’abavandimwe usanga byinshi mu byo bapfa harimo ubutaka.
Mu kiganiro cyihariye Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu, Marie Grace Nishimwe yagiranye na IGIHE, yatangaje ko hari gukorwa byinshi birimo no kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga mu gutanga serivisi z’ubutaka hagamijwe kuzihutisha no kuzinoza kurushaho.
IGIHE: Hari benshi bakivuga ko imbibi z’ubutaka bwabo n’iz’ibyangombwa zidahuye, ibyo kuzikosora bigeze he?
Nishimwe: Hari aho usanga kubera imiterere yaho kuva mu 2009 kugeza mu 2013, cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe harabayeho imbibi zidahuye n’uko ziri iyo ubigiyeho. Ntabwo ari ibibanza byinshi cyane bifite icyo kibazo ariko nanone turimo gukorana n’uturere twose kugira ngo tugende tutugaragariza aho biherereye cyangwa amasambu babona ko uko yapimwe bitandukanyu n’uko ari, nitumara kubona icyo kigereranyo tuzatangira gukosora.
Gusa ibyo ntabwo bibujije ko ahamenyekanye hagenda hakosorwa, guhera mu myaka yashize buri mwaka tugenda dukosora ahantu runaka mu mudugudu cyangwa mu kagari aho dusanga ko hari ibyo bibazo by’uko ubutaka bwabaruwe nabi.
Icyihariye kuri ubu ni uko tugiye gutegura igikorwa cya rusange cyo gukosora bikurikije na gahunda tuzaba dufite. Mu mwaka ushize twakosoye ibibanza bigera ku bihumbi 16 mu turere dutandukanye. Hari aho usanga umuturage asaba serivisi ugasanga nujya kumukorera urahita ukorera n’abo bahana imbibi cyangwa ugasanga hari ibikorwa bya rusange nko gukosora inzuri mu Burasirazuba ugasanga icyo gikorwa tugitwariye hamwe.
Ubutaka burenga miliyoni bwanditse kuri Leta by’agateganyo, amaherezo azaba ayahe?
UPI zose zabaruwe ubu zingana na miliyoni 11 n’imisago ariko hari UPI zirenga miliyoni 1,3 z’ubutaka bwanditse kuri Leta by’agateganyo. Kubera iki? Ni uko mu gihe cyo kwandikisha ubutaka no mu myaka yakurikiyeho kugeza ubu ba nyirabwo batari babubaruza. Twagiye dukangurira ba nyir’ubutaka kuza kubaruza ubutaka bwabo kugeza igihe tubamenyeshereje ko nutaza kubaruza ubutaka bwandikwa kuri Leta by’agateganyo, ariko bitabujije ko igihe ubonekeye cyangwa igihe icyari inzitizi gituma utandikisha ubutaka bwawe kirangiye waza kubwandikisha.
Ubu tugiye gusubira mu turere dutandukanye kuko izo UPI turazizi, nko mu Burasirazuba dufite abana bazadufasha kugenda tureba aho hantu hose hasigaye hatujurijwe amakuru ya ba nyir’ubutaka. Umwaka ushize twari twabaruriye abafite utu-jeton ariko batandikishije ubutaka bwabo, ubu rero tugiye kugenda tureba UPI zidafite amakuru yanditse cyangwa se amakuru yanditse kuri Leta, twagerayo tukavuga ngo ni iya nde? Nidusanga ari iya kanaka akaba ataraje kwandikisha kubera impamvu arabigaragaza tugahita tumwandikaho ubutaka bwe.
None aho muzabura nyirabwo bizagenda bite?
Ubwo ubwo buzaba ari ubwa Leta. ubundi ubutaka butagira nyirabwo buba ari ubwa Leta cyangwa se nyirabwo niba yarabusize bukajya mu mitungo icunzwe itagira beneyo.
Hari abagaragaza ko aho igishushanyo kigaragaza icyo ubutaka buzakoreshwa iyo gisohotse buhita buhenda. Mubivugaho iki?
Ubundi n’aho ibishushanyo mbonera by’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka bitari byakorwa hari ikiba cyarahagenewe kuhakorerwa. Hari igishushanyo cy’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka ku rwego rw’igihugu kiba gikoreshwa muri utwo turere tutari twagira ibishushanyo byimbitse byo muri utwo turere.
Ibyerekeye uko ibiciro by’ubutaka bizamuka byo bigiramo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, harimo uko Abanyarwanda bakeneye ubutaka, ikindi niba ari nk’ahantu ho gutura usanga abantu bihutira kuhagura ari benshi ku buryo usanga n’igiciro cyaho kizamuka ariko sintekereza ko kuba igishushanyo mbonera kitaraza byatuma ahantu hagura make cyangwa hagurwa menshi.
Ahantu ubona bikunda kuzamuka ni ahageze igicushanyo cyimbitse [physical plan] kigera ku butaka ariko na byo biba ari ukuvuga ngo umuntu agiye guhita ashyira umushinga we mu bikorwa.

Bigenda bite ngo abantu biyandikisheho ubutaka bw’abandi, bagere aho babugurisha?
Abiyandikishagaho ubutaka bw’abandi kenshi bakoreshaga inyandiko z’iheshabubasha (procuration) bakavuga ko nyir’ubutaka yabahaye ububasha bwo kugurisha. Urumva ni icyaha kiba cyakozwe kandi njye nshima ko binagaragara kuko nka mbere y’iyandikisha ry’ubutaka ibyo nta nubwo wari no kubimenya. Umuntu yashoboraga kuza akakugurishiriza ubutaka akavuga ngo iriya sambu ni iyanjye akakuzanira bagabo utanazi, utazongera no kubona bakemeza ko isambu ari iye ukagura nyuma waza ugasanga ba bantu ntibagihari.
Iyo bahimbaga ayo maheshabubasha wasangaga afite n’umunoteri cyangwa uwiyise umunoteri wayisinyeho akigana amakashe, ibyo ni ibyaha bikorwa abantu bagafatwa bakabihanirwa. Si ukuvuga ko wenda bikorwa na ba noteri bikorera bose ariko ubundi n’abakora neza barahari.
Ubu nta noteri ujya gukora ihererekanya ry’ubutaka atabanje kureba noteri wasinye iheshabubasha ngo amubaze ngo ni wowe warisinye? Kugira ngo amenye neza ko iyo nyandiko ari umwimerere kugira ngo hataba hari uwamuhimbiye amakashe. Hari n’ubundi buryo burimo gukorwa ku buryo izo nyandiko z’iheshabubasha yahita azishyira muri sisiteme noteri umwe akayihereza undi ugiye gukora akandi kazi we adashobora gukora kugira ngo amenye neza ko iyo nyandiko y’iheshabubasha yakozwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.
Aho rero ni mu buryo bwo gukumira kugira ngo abantu bareke gukomeza gukora inyandiko mpimbano biha ubutaka bw’abandi.
Ni ryari serivisi zose zijyanye n’ubutaka zizagezwa ku ikoranabuhanga?
Hari serivisi 10 zakwa cyane zamaze kugera mu ikoranabuhanga, muri Gashyantare 2025 hagiye kujyaho izindi, ubwo zizaba 13, ariko dufite gahunda y’uko bijyanye n’amavugurura ari gukorwa ku Irembo bitazarenza imyaka ibiri zose zitarajyaho.
Uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga buzajya butanga ubutumwa bugufi mu gihe hari serivisi isabwe buteye bute? Buzatangira ryari?
Ubu hari serivisi ihari unyuze kuri porogaramu yitwa amakuru, ushobora kureba bakakwereka niba ubutaka bwawe hari ikiri gukorerwaho, niba ntacyo cyangwa niba ubwo butaka butambamiye ku buryo iyo ugiyemo ushobora kubona amakuru ku butaka bwawe.
Kuri telefone na ho turimo gukora sisiteme yitwa LATIS, ku buryo nuzajya utanga dosiye yawe izajya iguha nimero, iyo nimero ni yo uzajya wifashisha n’ubundi, uzajya ushyira ku rubuga rw’amakuru ikazajya iguha ubutumwa ngo dosiye yanjye igeze aha, yasubijwe inyuma kubera iyi mpamvu, yemejwe noneho ushobora gusohora icyangombwa koranabuhanga.
Nko muri serivisi ziri ku Irembo ibyo byose biragaragara ko dosiye yakiriwe, ko yemejwe ariko ubu turongeramo ko niba yanasubijwe inyuma unamenya impamvu yasubijwe inyuma, noneho iyo mpamvu ukaba wanayikemura kuko hari igihe isubizwa inyuma na noteri cyangwa umukozi wayifasha agatinda kukubwira ahantu ifite ikibazo ugasanga bitumye bitinda.
Ubu turimo kuyigerageza ngo turebe ko irimo gukora neza nta kibazo ifite, ikigiye gukurikiraho ni ukuyihuza na serivisi ziri ku irembo. Ubu turi kureba niba ikunda ni ukuvuga ngo nko mu mpera za Gashyantare 2025 twizeye ko izaba ikora neza.
Hari abantu bagurisha ubutaka inshuro zirenga ebyiri ku bantu batandukanye. Mubikemura mute iyo muhuye na byo?
Ubu hagiyeho ba noteri bikorera. Ibibazo byinshi ubu duhura na byo ni uko usanga umuntu agura ubutaka mu nyandiko zimwe wandikirana na mugenzi wawe ukagenda ukabika agapapuro n’icyangombwa hashira amezi atatu ukamushaka ngo mujye gukora ihererekanya ugasanga yarigendeye kuko we yagurishije afite gahunda.
Ubundi ubutaka wabushimye ku kiguzi ibindi mubikorere imbere ya noteri umenye ko iyo noteri atangiye gukorera mu gitabo cyandikwamo ubutaka, ari mu irembo ari kohereza ikintu ahandikwa ibyerekeye ubutaka ubwo nta kintu na kimwe gishobora gukorerwaho mu gihe iyo serivisi itari yarangira. Bikumira iyindi serivisi iyo ari yo yose, rero kugira ngo twirinde impaka n’ibindi bibazo bishobora kuvuka, ni uko abantu bamenyera gukorera ihererekanya imbere ya noteri.
Twe tureba uwagiye kwa noteri. Hari igihe ushobora kugurisha umuntu ntimujye kwa noteri mukajyayo ku muntu wa kabiri. Uba uhemutse uwo agukirikirana mu nkiko bya bindi bitinza ugasanga wataye n’igihe kinini mu makimbirane kuko utagiye kwa noteri.
Iyo turi kubona ubutaka ari ubwa kanaka, akaza imbere ya noteri akavuga ko agiye kugurisha undi, noteri arabikora ariko ntabwo aba azi ibyo wakoze mbere, ni yo mpamvu dushishikariza ko buri wese ugiye gukora ikijyanye n’ihererekanya ry’ubutaka ngo ajye agikorera kwa noteri.

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