Iyi raporo igaragaza ko ‘buri uko umuntu wiyahuye, bisiga ibikomere n’ibindi bibazo ku bo mu miryango, aho babarizwaga ndetse no ku bihugu muri rusange, ndetse bikagira ingaruka z’igihe kirekire ku basigaye.’’

Iyi raporo kandi ivuga ko iyo hasakaye inkuru y’umuntu umwe wiyahuye n’uburyo yabikozemo, bituma hari abandi benshi bateganyaga kwiyahura ariko bakabura aho bahera babona ko bishoboka, nabo bagatangira gutekura kwiyahura bakoresheje uburyo nk’ubw’uwo wiyahuye.

OMS igaragaza ko kwiyahura ari impamvu ya kane mu zateye impfu nyinshi mu 2019 ku Isi yose, mu rubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 15 na 29 y’amavuko.

Yagaragaje ko abafite ibyago byinshi byo kwiyahura ari abafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe cyane cyane ibyabateye agahinda gakabije ndetse n’abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge, ubwiganze bwabo bukaba buri mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Ibi bigirwamo uruhare n’ubwiyongere bw’abagowe n’imibereho cyane cyane abafite ibibazo by’ubukene bituma batabasha kwibonera iby’ingenzi bibatunga, gutandukana kw’abakundana barimo n’abashakanye, kugira uburwayi butinda ku muntu n’ubudakira n’ibindi bibazo.

Nibura 20% muri bo bakoresha imiti yica udukoko ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikorerwamo ubuhinzi, mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, mu gihe abandi bakunda gukoresha uburyo bwo gusimbuka ahantu harerare naho bamwe bakirasa.

Ivangura ndetse n’imiziririzo imwe n’imwe ishingiye ku mico y’ibihugu ni kimwe mu bitiza umurindi ubwiyongere bw’abiyahura, ku buryo bituma bagira ubwoba n’ipfunwe byo gusaba ubufasha hakiri kare, bibaza uko bafatwa n’umuryango babarizwamo, bakibwira ko kwiyahura ari yo mahitamo basigaranye.

Abari hagati ya 2% na 15% bafite agahinda gakabije ku rwego rwo hejuru (Major depressive disorder, MDD) bapfa biyahuye, naho abari hagati ya 3% na 20% bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe buturuka ku gahinda gakabije kabatera guhindagurika kudasanzwe kw’amarangama yabo nabo bariyahura.

Ni mu gihe abari hagati ya 6% na 15% bafite indwara ya Schizophrenia ibatera guhungabana kw’intekerezo, ibyiyumviro n’imyitwarire byabo nabo bapfa biyahuye, abari hagati ya 75% na 95% muri bo bakaba ab’igitsinagabo.

OMS yagaragaje kandi ko ukwiyahura kwiganje no mu matsinda akorerwa ivangura mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, barimo impunzi, abimukira, abaryamana n’abo bahuje ibitsina, abafite uko babayeho gushingiye ku myizerere runaka yaba iy’amoko cyangwa amadini ndetse n’abandi.

Ihamagararira ibihugu gukomeza gukaza ingamba mu gushyiraho gahunda zikumira abantu kwiyahura zirimo no kongera ubukangurambaga ku gushaka ubujyanama ku buzima bwo mu mutwe no gushyiraho imikoranire y’urwego rw’ubuzima n’izindi nzego zaba iz’uburezi, ubutabera, itangazamakuru n’izindi, mu guhangana n’ibibazo bisunikira abantu ku kwiyahura.

Mu Rwanda bimeze bite?

Imibare y’Urwego rw’Igihugu Rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha (RIB), igaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2019/2020, umubare w’abantu biyahuye mu Rwanda ari 291, mu gihe mu 2020/2021 babaye 285.

Intara y’Iburasirazuba ni yo yagize umubare w’abiyahuye benshi kuko bangana na 29 % , Iburengerazuba ni 23 %, Amajyaruguru 19 %, Amajyepfo 18 % naho Umujyi wa Kigali ni 11 %.

47 % by’abiyahuye ntihamenyekanye intandaro yo kwiyahura kwabo, mu gihe abiyahuye bitewe n’amakimbirane mu muryango ari 28 %, ababitewe n’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe ni 8 %, ababitewe no kwiheba ni 4 %, amakimbirane akomoka ku butaka ni 3 %, naho ababitewe n’indwara zidakira ni 3% .

Abiyahuye biturutse ku kubengwa no kubenga bangana na 2 %, ababitewe n’ubukene bukabije ni 2 %, ababitewe n’amadeni ni 2% naho ababitewe n’igihombo ni 2%.

Abagabo ni bo benshi biyahuye ku kigero cya 82 %, mu gihe abagore ari 18%.