Ni inama yahurije hamwe imbaraga z’Ubumwe bwa Afurika (AU) mu guhuza u Rwanda na RDC binyuze mu biganiro bya Angola, n’imbaraga z’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba mu gushaka amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Ibi byemezo bitangajwe nyuma y’imisi itandatu Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’intumwa zo mu biyaga bigari z’u Bubiligi, u Bufaransa n’u Bwongereza, zamaganye urugamba M23 ikomeje kugaba kuri FARDC guhera ku wa 20 Ukwakira.

Icyo gihe bagize bati "Turasaba M23 guhita isubira inyuma, guhagarika ibikorwa byose birenga ku mategeko mpuzamahanga no guhagarika ubushotoranyi bwose."

Ibiganiro bya Luanda byafashe ibyemezo bikaze

Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, Perezida João Lourenço wa Angola, Evariste Ndayishimiye w’u Burundi na Felix Antoine Tshisekedi wa RDC, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Dr Vincent Biruta na Uhuru Kenyatta wahoze ari perezida Kenya, bahuriye i Luanda mu biganiro byamaze amasaha atandatu.

Ni inama yari igamije ahanini kurebera hamwe ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda yatuma M23 "ihita iva mu duce twa Congo yafashe."

Mu myanzuro hagaragaramo ko mu byari bihangayikishije abakuru b’ibihugu harimo uburyo "M23 irimo kubona intwaro zirushaho gukomera n’ubundi buryo bwo kugaba ibitero ku ngabo za Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, FARDC."

Ibyi bikajyana n’uburyo imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikomeje kwidegembya mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, ikanahungabanya amahoro n’umutekano mu karere.

Umwanzuro wa mbere wafashwe ni "uguhagarika imirwano muri rusange, by’umwihariko ibitero bya M23 kuri FARDC na MONUSCO, guhera ku wa 25 Ugushyingo 2022, saa 18:00."

Hemejwe ko hakomeza koherezwa abasirikare b’ibihugu bya EAC, bagomba kurasa kuri M23 mu gihe yaramuka yanze guhagarika imirwano no kuva mu duce yafashe mu masaha 48 ari imbere.

Ibyemezo bireba M23, bitarimo M23

Nk’uko byakomeje kugenda, M23 ntiyari ihagarariwe mu biganiro by’i Luanda, ku buryo ibyemezo byafashwe bishyigikiwe na Leta ya Congo.

Ibyo bikongera urujijo ku gaciro M23 ishobora guha iyi myanzuro ikayishyira mu bikorwa mu gihe cyihawe, kuko yafashwe n’uruhande rumwe mu bashyamiranye.

Ni mu gihe M23 yubuye intwaro ifite ibyo irwanira ko byubahirizwa, none ikaba isabwa kuva mu duce yafashe ku mbaraga z’amasasu.

Mu kwisobanura, Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma ya RDC, Patrick Muyaya, yabwiye France 24 ati "Muzi ko M23 kuva mu ntagiriro z’ibitero byayo ihagarariwe n’u Rwanda, tuvuge ibintu uko bimeze, turizera ko kuri iyi nshuro ibyemezo byafashwe bikanashyirwa ku ngengabihe, bizubahirizwa kugira ngo amahoro abashe kugaruka kuri teritwari yose y’igihugu."

Ibyo bigashimangira ko Leta ya Congo yakomeje kwirinda kwegera M23, ibintu bishobora gutuma itemera imyanzuro yafashwe kuko nta ruhare yayigizemo.

Ni mu gihe no mu kurwana, M23 ivuga ko yumvikanye byinshi na Leta ya Congo, ikagenda iyihinduka.

Nyamara Leta ya Congo yaje kuvuga ko idashobora kuganira n’umutwe w’iterabwoba, nyuma ivuga ko baganira ari uko ubanje kurekura uduce twose wafashe.

Ibyo byakomeje kubangamira igisubizo cya politiki gifatwa na benshi nk’icyahosha iyi ntambara burundu, kurusha intambara.

Byongeye, abahuza muri ibi bibazo ntabwo bigeze bahura na M23 ngo bumve uruhande rwayo, ku buryo n’iyo bigeze ku gutangaza umwanzuro w’inama, udasobanurwa kimwe ku ruhande rwa Leta ya Congo na M23.

Umusesenguzi Tite Gatabazi avuga ko ibyemezo bifatirwa M23 itagize uruhare mu biganiro kandi ari umutwe umaze gufata agace kanini, bigabanya amahirwe yo kuba ibyemejwe byakubahirizwa.

Yagize ati "Kudatumira M23 kuratera urujijo ku magambo ya Congo yita u Rwanda ko ari wo mubyeyi wayo, bigaca amarenga nk’aho M23 yari ihagarariwe mu biganiro. Icyo kintu rero ni kibi cyane, ni nacyo kizatuma aya masezerano atabaho."

"Barimo gushyira u Rwanda mu mwanya wa M23, kandi ntabwo bizafasha kuko Leta iravuga ko ishaka amahoro ariko ko u Rwanda rutayatanga, ku buryo Guverinoma ya Tshisekedi isa n’iyashakaga kuvugana n’u Rwanda ku kibazo cya M23."

M23 yakwemera gusubira inyuma?

Mu busabe bw’abakuru b’ibihugu, bavuze ko "M23 igomba kuva mu duce imaze gufata, igasubira mu bice yahoranye mbere hashingiwe ku myanzuro y’inama y’abagaba bakuru b’ingabo za EAC, yabereye i Bujumbura mu Burundi ku wa 8 Ugushyingo 2022."

Ibirindiro bivugwa ni muri Sabyinyo ku ruhande rwa RDC, aho M23 itagomba kurenga umurongo unyura ku duce twa Bigega, Bugusa, Nyabikona, Mbuzi, Rutsiro na Nkokwe.

Ni icyemezo cyaba kigoye kuri M23 imaze kwagura uduce igenzura turimo Bunagana, Rutshuru, ndetse ikomeje kurwanira muri Kibumba.

Ni muri kilometero nke uvuye mu Mujyi wa Goma, nubwo itarimo gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu buryo bugaragaza ko ishaka kuwufata.

Ishyirwaho ry’agace k’agahenge

Mu myanzuro, hateganywamo "gushyiraho uburyo bwatuma Ingabo z’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba zigenzura uduce ubu turi mu maboko ya M23, hamwe na komisiyo ishinzwe ubugenzuzi."

Ni umwanzuro na wo wateje impaka ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, kuko kugeza ubu Ingabo z’Akarere zirimo gukorana na FARDC, ku buryo guha aka gace Ingabo z’Akarere bishobora gufatwa nko kugaha RDC.

Biteganywa ko Ingabo za Kenya zikambitse i Goma, zahita zoherezwa mu bice bya Goma, Bunagana, Rutshuru na Kiwanja, ubu tugenzurwa na M23.

Haba hari icyizere?

Biragoye kumvisha umutwe uhanganye na Leta kandi urimo gutsinda, ko ugomba gutanga ahantu waru urinze, ukahaha Leta.

Byongeye, Gatabazi avuga ko ibyemezo bifatwa bitakunze gutinda ku mpamvu zituma M23 irwana, zirimo amasezerano yagiye isinyana na Leta yitezweho kugarura amahoro, ariko ntiyubahirizwe.

Yakomeje ati "Barabica hejuru cyangwa barabica ku ruhande, kubera ko nta werura ngo avuge ngo ko hari amasezerano hagati ya M23 na Congo, tuyagendereho nubwo hari ibyahindurwa, ariko icy’ingenzi kirahari, dukorere kuri ibingibi dushobore gufasha Congo mu gukemura ikibazo burundu."

"Barabica hejuru iby’amasezerano hagati ya M23 na Leta kandi ni nayo mpamvu M23 yongeye gufata intwaro. Iyo udasesenguye uburyo ukemura ikibazo neza, ubwo buvuzi buba ari uguca ku ruhande."

Mu bihe bitandukanye, M23 yakunze kugaragaza ko ifite amasezerano yasinyaye na Leta agomba kubahirizwa, imirwano igahagarara.

Nyamara hakomeje kuvuka impamvu zituma amasezerano atubahirizwa, kugeza ubwo ubu iki kibazo gikomereye Tshisekedi.

Ibyo byose ngo bizambywa n’agatsiko k’abantu bo hafi y’ubutegetsi, banafitanye isano n’ibikorwa by’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihohoterwa ndetse ikica abaturage, ari nabyo M23 ivuga ko ishaka guca.

Ni imitwe icuruza amabuye y’agaciro, imbaho, intwaro n’ibindi.

Umusesenguzi Gatabazi yagize ati "Ni byo Perezida Tshisekedi yigeze kwita maguyi (magouilles) na mafia. Ako gatsiko kiganje mu butegetsi i Kinshasa, bafite ingufu z’amafaranga kubera ko ubwo bucuruzi batabukora bonyine, bakaba bafite ingufu za politiki i Kinshasa."

"Bakaba rero barabangamiye iriya gahunda ya Tshisekedi yo kuzana amahoro, bamurusha ijwi ukuntu, na we ikiguzi cyo kureka ibintu ntibikemuke mu burasirazuba, ni uko izo ngufu zisa nk’aho zamwemereye ko zizamushyigikira amatora nakorwa cyangwa nahitamo kudakoresha amatora."

Muri iki gihe kandi ntabwo ibintu bimeze neza i Kinshasa, kuko ishyaka rya Tshisekedi, UDPS, ryacitsemo ibice.

Ni kimwe no mu ihuriro Union Sacrée, aho Moise Katumbi aterura ngo avuge niba ashyigikiye Tshisekedi, kimwe na Jean Pierre Bemba.

Congo izambura intwaro FDLR?

Biteganywa ko nyuma yo kuva mu duce yagenzuraga, abarwanyi ba M23 bashyirwa ahantu hamwe, mu bice bigenzurwa na FARDC, Ingabo z’akarere, itsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi na MONUSCO.

Abavuye mu byabo nibwo bazabisubiramo, maze hakaba imishyikirano hagati ya Guverinoma ya RDC n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo mu gihugu.

Kuva uru rugamba rwatagira, umutwe wa M23 washinje ingabo za Leta gufatanya ku rugamba n’umutwe wa FDLR, washinzwe na benshi bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ibyo bigahuzwa n’ibirego M23 yakunze kugaragaza ko hari Abanye-Congo b’Abatutsi barimo kwicwa, ndetse ko muri Masisi, Ingabo za Leta zirimo kwitwara nk’Interahamwe zakoze Jenoside mu Rwanda mu 1994.

Inama y’i Luanda yavuze ko imitwe ya "FDLR-FOCA, RED Tabara, ADF n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera ku butaka bwa Congo igomba guhita ishyira intwaro hasi, igakurikiza gahunda yo gusubizwa mu bihugu ikomokamo."

Ni ibintu bamwe mu basesenguzi bavuga ko bigoye, kuko mu myaka 28 ishize, FARDC yagaragaje ko ikorana na FDLR.

Ibyo bigatuma hibazwa byinshi ku buryo M23 ikunze kwitirirwa Abatutsi b’Abanye-Congo, yakwemera gushyira intwaro hasi, igashyirwa mu duce tugenzurwa n’abasirikare ba FARDC, barimo na FDLR.

Umuyobozi w’umutwe wa M23, Bertrand Bisimwa, yatangaje ko nta kintu baramenyeshwa ku byemezo bafatiwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu by’akarere.

Bisimwa yanditse kuri Twitter ati "Inyandiko tutarashyikirizwa mu buryo bweruye zivuga kuri M23, zikomeje gucicikana ku mbuga nkorayambaga. Dukomeje gushyira imbere amahoro, kandi twiteguye kujya mu biganiro byasabwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu bya EAC nk’uburyo bwonyine bwakemura ibibazo byo mu burasirazuba, buhereye mu mizi."

Inama y'i Luanda yafatiye M23 ibyemezo bikomeye