Amazina ye ni Barack Hussein Obama akomoka ku mubyeyi w’Umunyakenya n’uw’Umunyamerika yakuriye muri Hawaii ndetse no muri Indonesia, yabaye umukorerabushake muri Chicago, uwunganira abandi mu manza, akaba yaraje kuba Senateri wa Illinois; Barack Obama yabaye Perezida wa Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku itariki ya 20 Mutarama 2009.

Uru ni urugendo rwe kuva muri Sena ya Leta ye ya Illinois yinjiyemo mu 1996, kugera abaye Perezida wa 44 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ubwo yasimburaga George Walker Bush.

Amakuru dukesha Wikipedia avuga ko ubwo mu mwaka wa 1995 uwari uhagarariye Leta Illinois muri kongere (Congress) ya Amerika Mel Reynolds yeguraga kuri uwo mwanya. Icyo gihe abantu benshi bitabiriye gupiganirwa uwo mwanya.

Muri abo harimo umugore w’Umwirabura witwa Alice Palmer, uyu mugore akaba yari Senateri wo muri Leta ya Illinois. Aha twabibutsa ko buri Leta mu zigize Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika iba ifite Sena yayo. Iki gihe rero ni bwo Barack Obama yagize icyifuzo cyo gusimbura uyu Alice Palmer washakaga kwiyamamariza kujya muri Congress.

Obama yahise yifashisha Toni Preckwinkle, umugore w’Umwirabura wari mu buyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Chicago wahise abimushyigikiramo.

Alice Palmer yaje gutsindwa muri Congress aho uwo mwanya wegukanwaga n’uwitwa Jesse Jackson Jr. Uyu rero yashatse kugaruka muri Sena ya Illinois asaba Obama ko yamuharira umwanya we ariko Obama ntiyabyemera.

Obama yakomeje kotswa igitutu n’Abirabura benshi bari inshuti z’uyu mugore ngo areke kwiyamamaza kugira ngo Alice Palmer asubirane umwanya we, ariko biba impfabusa.

Nyuma yaho byaje no kugaragara ko Barack Obama ari we mukandida wenyine icyo gihe wari wujuje ibyangombwa, kuko abantu bari basinyiye Alice Palmer kugira ngo yemerwe nk’umukandida atabashije kuberekana ni uko kwiyamaza kwe ntikwemerwa.

Barack Obama yaje kugaragara nk’umukandida umwe kuri uwo mwanya, kuko n’abandi biyamamazaga icyo gihe byagaragaye ko batari bujuje ibisabwa ni uko ahita atorerwa uwo mwanya.

Mu mwaka wa 2,000 yatsinzwe mu matora yo guhagararira Leta ya Illinois muri Congress na Bobby Rush.

Mu 1999 Barack Obama yafashe icyemezo cyo kwiyamariza kuhagararira Leta ya Illinois, aho yari afite imyaka 38 gusa. Icyo gihe yari ahanganye n’uwitwa Bobby Rush uri muri bamwe mu baharaniye uburenganzira bw’Abirabura bo muri Amerika mu gihe cy’imyaka igera kuri 40.

Barack Obama yibwiraga ko bizamworohera gutsinda uyu Bobby Rush wari warigeze gutsindwa mu gihe yiyamarizaga kuba umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Chicago, ariko yaje gusanga atari ko bimeze kuko uyu mugabo yari akunzwe cyane mu gice cy’Amajyepfo cyiganjemo cyane Abirabura.

Mu gihe gito batangiye kwiyamamaza Bobby Rush yahabwaga amahirwe angana na 90% kuri 11% yahabwaga Obama utari yaranagize umuntu n’umwe ukomeye yifashisha mu kwiyamamaza kwe, kandi atari azwi cyane.

Bobby Rush yavugaga buri gihe ko Obama nta burambe aragira kandi ko ntacyo arakora. Uyu kandi yagaragazaga Obama nk’umuzungu ufite uruhu rw’Abirabura abihereye ko yari yarize muri Kaminuza za Havard na Chicago, we yavugaga ko ziri muri Kaminuza z’ubutegetsi bw’Abazungu.

Barack Obama rero yaje gutsindwa bigaragara muri ayo matora aho uwo bari bahanganye Bobby Rush yegukanya amajwi asaga 65%. Ibi byababaje cyane Obama watangiye kwibaza icyo gihe ukuntu yava muri politiki, ariko bamwe mu bari bamufashije kwiyamamaza icyo gihe, bakomeza kumuhumuriza, bamubwira ko kuba yatsinzwe muri ayo matora atari ikintu kibi kuri we, kuko iyo aza gutsinda byari kugaragara ko bifite aho bihurira n’uko ari Umwirabura, bikaba byari kuzamubangamira mu kugirirwa icyizere n’Abazungu.

Mu mwaka wa 2003 yaje noneho kugira igitekerezo cyo kwiyamamariza kuba Senateri muri Sena ya Amerika agahagararira Leta ya Illinois. Yahise agirana inama na bamwe mu bantu be ba hafi ndetse n’abajyanama be b’Abirabura abagezaho icyo gitekerezo ari bo Marty Nesbitt, Valerie Jarett, John Rogers n’abandi.

Abo bantu bose icyo babivuzeho byabaye kumuca intege bamubwira ko bidashoboka ko azongera agatsindwa, kandi ko ibyo nibiramuka bibaye bizamubera imbogamizi mu gukomeza politiki. Obama yakomeje kubumvisha ko bishoboka ndetse bamwe muri bo batangira kumuha inkunga y’amafaranga.

Barack Obama mbere yo gutangira kwiyamamaza yabanje kumenya niba uwitwa Carol Mosely, Umwirabura w’umugore wari watorewe kuba Senateri mu 1992, ataziyamamariza na none uwo mwanya, kuko bari kugonganira ku baterankunga cyangwa se ugasanga bagabanye amajwi mu matora.

Uyu rero ntiyaje kwitabira ayo matora. Obama yabibonyemo nk’amahirwe agize. Ubwo yahise atangira kwiyegereza bamwe mu banyapolitiki bo muri Chicago, kuko aho muri Chicago hari abanyapolitiki bagomba kuba bagushyigikiye byibura kugira ngo ugire icyo ugeraho.

Ku ikubitiro yahise yiyegereza uwitwa Richard M Daley, icyo gihe wari umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Chicago, ndetse n’undi munyapolitiki w’Umwirabura wari umukuru wa Sena yo ya Illinois ari we Emil Jones Jr, wabaye kuva icyo gihe umujyanama we.

Muri mata 2003 uwari Senateri ucyuye igihe wa Leta ya Illinois ari we Fitzgerald, yatangaje ko atazongera kwiyamamariza uwo mwanya. Ibyo nabyo Obama yongeye kubibona nk’amahirwe, kuko mu ishyaka ry’Abademokarate ari na ryo Obama abarizwamo inzira yari ifunguye mu kwiyamamariza uwo mwanya.

Icyo gihe hagaragaye abakandida 7 b’Abademokarate biyamamarizaga uwo mwanya barimo umugabo umwe w’umukire cyane witwa Blair Hull, ariko uyu byaje kumenyekana ko yaba yarahohoteraga umugore we mu rugo, hanyuma bituma abona amajwi 10% ni uko Obama yegukana intsinzi muri ayo matora yibanze n’amajwi 53%, akaba ari we wari guhagararira ishyaka ry’Abademokarate ku mwanya wa Senateri wa Illinois aho yagombaga guhangana n’uwitwa Jack Ryan wo mu ishyaka ry’aba Repubulika, ari na ko byaje kugenda maze Obama yegukana intsinzi.

Urugendo rwo kuva muri Sena ni rwo rwagejeje Obama mu guhangana na John Sidney McCain wakomokaga mu ishyaka ry’Abarepubulika mu matora yo mu 2008, mu gihe George W. Bush yari arangije manda ye y’imyaka umunani, ndetse Obama aza kwegukana intsinzi yamuhesheje ububasha bwo kwicara muri White House -Perezidansi ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Nyuma y’imyaka ine Obama yongeye gutorwa atsinze Mitt Romney bari bahangaye, bikaba bimuhesheje kuyobora Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika indi myaka ine iri imbere.