Umwiryane, ubwoba n’ubugambanyi: Uko FARDC yashwanyaguritse

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Umwiryane, ubwoba n’ubugambanyi: Uko FARDC yashwanyaguritse

Yanditswe na Jean de Dieu Tuyizere

Kuya 12 June 2026 saa 07:51

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Intambara yakajije umurego mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), yateje umwuka mubi, ubwoba, akavuyo n’amakenga akomeye hagati ya Perezida Félix Tshisekedi Tshilombo n’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo z’iki gihugu zizwi nka FARDC.

Hagati ya 2022 na 2026, abashinzwe iperereza muri FARDC bakoze umukwabu ukomeye babitegetswe na Perezida Tshisekedi, bishyira mu mazi abira abajenerali barenga 30 n’abandi bofisiye bakuru benshi. Ku batarafungwa, ubwoba ni bwinshi ko na bo bashobora kugerwaho vuba.

Urugero rwa hafi ni urw’Umuyobozi w’ingabo za RDC zikorera mu Mujyi wa Baraka muri Teritwari ya Fizi, Col Makelele, uherutse kwirasa agakomereka bikomeye ubwo yamenyeshwaga ko abamukuriye bamutumijeho kugira ngo agire ibyo asobanura, mu gihe yakekwagaho gukorana n’ihuriro AFC/M23.

Ubu bwoba n’umwiryane byatewe no gutsindwa gukomeye kw’ingabo za RDC mu gihe zihanganye AFC/M23, kuko iri huriro ryafashe ibice byinshi by’ingenzi birimo Umujyi wa Bunagana, Kavumu, Goma, Bukavu na Uvira n’ubwo uyu mujyi wa nyuma ryawuvuyemo ribisabwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Buri rugamba ingabo za RDC zatsinzwe rwakurikiraga itabwa muri yombi ry’abasirikare benshi, bashinjwa ibyaha bikomeye bihanishwa ibihano bikakaye birimo icy’urupfu, kugambanira igihugu, umugambi wo gukura Tshisekedi ku butegetsi, gukorana na AFC/M23 na Joseph Kabila wayoboye iki gihugu.

Ibimenyetso by’umwuka mubi mu gisirikare cya RDC byatangiye kugaragara byeruye muri Nzeri 2022 ubwo Lt Gen Philémon Yav Irung wari umuyobozi wa zone ya 3 y’igisirikare ihuza Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, Kivu y’Amajyepfo, Ituri, Maniema na Tshopo yatabwaga muri yombi.

Ubushinjacyaha bwa gisirikare bwashinje Lt Gen Yav guha abasirikare bari ku rugamba amabwiriza yo kuva mu bice byafashwe na AFC/M23, kandi ngo yanakoranye n’u Rwanda, abinyujije kuri Gen (Rtd) James Kabarebe cyangwa umujyanama we ariko ibyo byose byaburiwe ibimenyetso, asaba kugirwa umwere kuko kuva akiri mu maboko y’abagenzacyaha ntiyemeye ibi byaha.

Ubu bwoba bwajyanye n’igitutu Leta ya RDC yari ikomeje gushyirwaho, isabwa guhagarika gukorana n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR. Mu Ukuboza 2023, igisirikare cy’iki gihugu cyatangaje ko cyafunze Gen Maj Bruno Mpezo Mbele wari Umuyobozi w’akarere ka gisirikare ka 34 mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Uwari Umuvugizi w’ingabo za RDC, Gen Maj Sylvain Ekenge, yasobanuye ko Gen Maj Mpezo yafungiwe kwanga kubahiriza amabwiriza yo guhagarika ubufatanye na FDLR, gukoresha nabi abasirikare n’ibikoresho bya gisirikare.

Nyuma y’aho abarwanyi ba AFC/M23 bafashe Umujyi wa Goma muri Mutarama 2025, Tshisekedi yaketse ko harimo ubugambanyi bukomeye, atanga itegeko ryo gukurikirana abofisiye bayoboraga ingabo zari ku rugamba haba muri uyu mujyi no mu bindi bice bya hafi yaho.

Ntibyatinze kuko uwari Umuyobozi w’akarere ka gisirikare ka 34, Gen Maj Alengbia Nzambe, Brig Gen Lupembe Mobenzo Papy wari Umuyobozi wa batayo y’ingabo zishinzwe gutabara aho rukomeye zakoreraga muri Sake na Kitshanga na Brig Gen Yangba Tene Danny wari umujyanama wa Guverineri wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru bahise bafungwa.

Keretse kuba barashinjwe ibyaha birimo kugambanira igihugu bihanishwa igihano cy’urupfu, nta byinshi byamenyekanye ku rubanza rwabo kuko urukiko rwanze ko amabanga ashyirwa hanze, rurushyira mu muhezo. Gen Maj Nzambe yapfiriye muri gereza muri Mata 2025.

Icyo gihe byagaragaraga ko igisirikare cya RDC kitorohewe ariko ntibyari byageze ku rwego rukomeye abantu batatekerezaga ko byageraho, kuko mu 2025, ibintu byahinduye isura, abasirikare bakomeye bakorera i Kinshasa na bo batangira gukorwaho iperereza.

Muri Nyakanga 2025, inzego z’ubutasi zataye mu yombi Brig Gen Benjamin Katende Batubadila wari ushinzwe ibikorwa n’ubutasi mu mutwe urinda Umukuru w’Igihugu, akekwaho kurenga ku mabwiriza agenga umutekano n’umugambi wo kwigumura.

Mu minsi mike yakurikiyeho, Gen Christian Tshiwewe Songesha wabaye Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo za RDC, wahoze ayobora abarinda Perezida akaba n’umujyanama wa Tshisekedi mu bya gisirikare, na we yarafunzwe, afunganwa n’abandi barimo Gen Maj Maurice Nyembo wabaye umuyobozi w’ibiro bye.

Tariki ya 4 Kamena 2026, Gen Tshiwewe, Gen Maj Nyembo, Brig Gen John Ngoy Kabila n’abandi bofisiye bakuru batangiye kuburanishwa n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa gisirikare rwa Kinshasa, bashinjwa ibyaha bifitanye isano n’umugambi wo gukuraho ubutegetsi, birimo kugambanira igihugu no gutunga intwaro mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.

Ubushinjacyaha bwagaragaje ko Gen Maj Nyembo ari we winjije Gen Maj Tshiwewe muri uyu mugambi kandi ko nyembo ari we wari ushinzwe gushaka abazawushyira mu bikorwa no kubashakira ubushobozi. Bwavuze ko Gen John Numbi uri mu buhungiro yamuhaye ibihumbi 842 by’Amadolari.

Nyuma gato y’ifungwa rya Gen Tshiwewe, Gen Franck Buamunda Ntumba wari umuyobozi ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare mu ngoro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu na we yatawe muri yombi n’abashinzwe iperereza.

Muri Kanama 2025, Gen Maj Christian Ndaywel wari umaze igihe gito avuye ku mwanya w’Umuyobozi w’urwego rw’ubutasi rwa gisirikare, na we yarafunzwe. We na Ntumba bakurikiranyweho umugambi wo kugirira nabi Tshisekedi, kugambanira igihugu no kutubahiriza amabwiriza y’ababakuriye.

Nyuma y’itabwa muri yombi ry’aba basirikare, nta wari ugifitiwe icyizere, nta n’uwari wizeye ko ashobora kumara byibura n’icyumweru atisanze mu buroko. Ibyo byatumaga abari ku rugamba mu burasirazuba baruyoborana igitutu cyinshi, bibaza uko bizagenda mu gihe na bo batsindwa.

Muri Nzeri 2025, ubwo Joseph Kabila yamaganaga igihano cy’urupfu yakatiwe adahari, yagaragaje ko ifungwa ry’abasirikare bakuru benshi ritagamije gutanga ubutabera, ahubwo ko rigamije kwikiza abantu bakekwaho kuba abizerwa be kuva mu gihe yari akiri ku butegetsi.

Yagize ati "Ubutegetsi bwagiye kure buvuga ko inzego z’iperereza ryo hanze zatanze amazina y’abakekwaho guhirika ubutegetsi. Ariko nta gahunda y’ubutabera iciye mu mucyo iratangira. Birazwi ko iri funga rigize igikorwa cya politiki kigamije kwikiza abantu bakekwaho kuba abizerwa b’ubutegetsi bwabanje."

Mu Ugushyingo 2025, Lt Gen Pacifique Masunzu wayoboraga zone ya 3 y’ingabo za RDC yafungiwe mu Mujyi wa Kisangani, nyuma yo gusurwa n’Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo za RDC, Lt Gen Jules Banza Mwilambwe, yoherezwa mu murwa mukuru, Kinshasa kugira ngo akirurikiranirwe hafi.

Byavugwaga ko itabwa muri yombi rya Lt Gen Masunzu rifitanye isano n’urugamba rwarangiye abarwanyi ba AFC/M23 bafashe santere ya Nzibira muri Teritwari ya Walungu mu Ukwakira 2025, ariko andi makuru yavugaga ko akekwaho gukorana n’umwanzi.

Nyuma y’aho Masunzu asimbujwe Gen Maj Nyembo Abdallah, Gen Maj Ekenge wari ukiri Umuvugizi w’ingabo za RDC yemeje ko uyu musirikare afunzwe ariko ko nta byinshi yavuga ku ifungwa rye mu rwego rwo kwirinda kumena ibanga.

Tariki ya 7 Gicurasi 2026, Tshisekedi yabwiye abanyamakuru ko igisirikare cyabo cyacengewe n’abitwikiriye amasezerano yo kuvanga ingabo, gisenywa guhera imbere, bityo ko ari yo mpamvu hagiye humvikana abashinjwe ibyaha by’ubugambanyi, bamwe muri bo bagafungwa mu gihe abanda bakurikiranywe.