Iyi ndwara ubu yamaze kugenza make kuko nta murwayi ukiri kwitabwaho n’abaganga. Byarangiye abayanduye ari 66, muri bo 80% bari abaganga biganjemo abavura indembe n’abaforomo.

Amakuru ya mbere kuri Marburg yavugaga ko ibyago byo gupfa ku wayanduye biri hagati ya 29% na 90%, bituma abaganga bahawe inshingano zo kuyivura barahoranaga ubwoba.

Umuyobozi ushinzwe Imyigishirize n’Iterambere ry’Abakozi bo kwa Muganga muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Dr. Nkeshimana Menelas, yabwiye The Telegraph ko nk’umuntu wari mu itsinda ryari ku ruhembe mu kuvura umurwayi wa mbere byari biteye bwoba.

Ati “Icyahoraga mu bitekerezo byanjye ni uko abo ihitana bashobora kugera kuri 90%. Nari mbizi ko ibi bihe ari byo bya mbere bikomeye nari ngiye kunyuramo, ndetse sinabiguhisha, nahoraga nkeka ko ari njye ugiye gukurikiraho.”

Dr. Nkeshimana yagaragaje ko hari igihe cyageze arwara umutwe n’umunaniro ukabije, kandi byari bimwe mu bimenyetso by’ibanze bya Marburg.

Ati “Wabaga utekereza ko ushobora kuba ugiye kuvanwa mu icumbi ry’abaganga ukerekeza ku gitanda aho bagenzi bawe baguye mu minsi ishize. Wabaga utekereza ko ugiye guhabwa imiti wahoze uha abandi kandi ubizi ko bishobora kutagenda neza."

"Wabaga utekereza ko ugiye kwicwa n’ikintu ureba neza kuko wabaga ubizi ko uzava amaraso menshi hanyuma ukagira ubwoba bwinshi nk’ubwo wabonanye abarwayi wavuye.”

Nyuma y’ibyumweru bitandatu ari ku rugamba rwo guhangana na Marburg, Dr. Nkeshimana yongeye kugira icyizere cy’uko atagihitanywe n’iki cyorezo.

Kuva umurwayi wa nyuma yava mu bitaro, ubu hatangiye kubarwa iminsi 42, bivuze ko mu gihe yashira nta murwayi mushya ubonetse kugeza ku wa 20 Ukuboza 2024, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima OMS, rizatangaza ko icyorezo cya Marburg cyacitse mu Rwanda.

Kugeza umurwayi wa nyuma akize, Marburg yahitanye abantu 15 mu Rwanda, bangana na 23% mu gihe mu bindi bihugu impfu zabarirwaga hagati ya 80% na 89% by’abanduye bose.

Dr. Nkeshimana ati “Mu ntangiriro nabanje kwibaza nti nkoreshe ubumenyi mfite ntange umusanzu wanjye cyangwa ngume mu rugo icyorezo kizansangeyo. Naribwiye nti ndi aha kugira ngo mbere abandi ingabo, ariko sinigeze ntekereza ko nzavamo ntanduye.”

Marburg yageze mu Rwanda iturutse mu ducurama turya imbuto, twari mu kirombe cy’amabuye y’agaciro mu gace kegeranye n’Umujyi wa Kigali, abantu biriranwa n’uducurama ari na ho umuntu wa mbere yanduriye, ariko umubiri we ukora ubudahangarwa buhangana na yo.

Uyu mugabo yanduje umugore we wari utwite, ajya kwivuza agiye no kubyara ameze nk’urwaye malaria nyuma Marburg iza kumuhitana.

Binjiraga mu cyumba cy'abarwayi bafite ubwoba ko basohoka banduye, nyuma y'amasaha abiri bagasohoka hakajyamo abandi baganga

Ku munsi wa mbere byari bimeze bite?

Dr. Nkeshimana yavuze ko igihe Marburg iza mu Rwanda, yari mu nama arebye muri telefone ye abona bamubuze inshuro 10.

Ati “Nkifata telefone nahise mvuga nti bigomba kuba ari ibintu bikomeye. Narabajije nti icyo ni cyorezo bwoko ki? Ni Ebola? [mugenzi wanjye aravuga ngo] oya ni icya kabiri kuri yo. Bari bampamagaye mu gitondo barambwira ngo witegure Saa Saba kuko ari bwo tuza kuguha umurwayi wa mbere.”

Mu masaha yakurikiyeho Dr. Nkeshimana yari ari guhamagara abaganga bahuguriwe guhangana n’ibyorezo mu bihe bitandukanye “ndetse nk’uko bisanzwe bamwe bagaragaje ko bafite ubwoba batanashaka kuza muri iri tsinda.”

Gusa bitarenze Saa Saba abaganga b’ibanze bari bamaze kuboneka bahurira kuri hotel yahise ihinduka aho bagomba gutaha buri munsi kugira ngo batazagira indwara banduza abo mu miryango yabo.

Ati “Byari biteye ubwoba cyane. Tugeze aho kuvurira abarwayi hari hari indi mbogamizi; byari ukwibaza ngo ni inde winjira mbere y’abandi? Wabonaga abantu batitira. Bafite ubumenyi, ubunararibonye, ni bo bahanga muri uru rwego ariko babaga bari gutitira kuko twese twari dufite ubwoba.”

Mu cyumweru cya mbere abahitanwa na Marburg bari benshi kuko abanduye agakoko kasaga n’akabashegeshe ariko abaganga bakomeza kwishakamo imbaraga no kurenga ubwoba.

Byagenda gute nsanze hari ibyo nakoze nabi?

Kuvura Marburg si umurimo woroshye kuko nta miti yihariye ivura iyi ndwara cyangwa urukingo ifite.

Abaganga bose bari ku ruhembe bikwije imyambaro kabuhariwe ibafasha kwirinda ibyorezo kuva ku birenge kugeza ku mutwe ariko buri wese yabaga nibura azi umuntu umwe muri abo barwayi.

Ati “Twabaga tubira ibyuya cyane. Washoboraga kumara amasaha abiri wambaye imyambaro irinda kwandura indwara, hanyuma ukava ahari abarwayi ujya mu gice kitarimo ubwandu, ukanywa amazi ubundi ukareka undi akinjira.”

“Igihe cyose wasohokaga mu cyumba cy’abarwayi wakomezaga kwibaza uti biraza kugenda gute niba hari ikosa nakoze nk’urugero mu buryo wambaye cyangwa wakuyemo imyambaro ukaba wanduye?”

Abaganga bose bakoze mu kuvura iki cyorezo bakurikiranirwaga hafi harebwa uko bakuramo imyambaro ibarinda kwandura, bagapimwa buri gihe kugira ngo batandura, kandi bagategekwa kuguma kuri hoteli ngo batayikwirakwiza.

Nubwo hari harafashwe ingamba zikomeye zo kwirinda, byarangiye umwe mu baganga bari bari kuvura iyi ndwara yanduye mu minsi ya nyuma y’iki cyorezo.

Ati “Yatangiye ari umuganga uyivura, birangira abaye umurwayi ariko ubu yarayikize, rero byaba ku muntu uwo ari we wese.”

Mu guhangana n’iyi ndwara, hapimwe abantu barenga 6000 bari barahuye n’abanduye, bituma idakwirakwira mu bice bitandukanye.

Mu Rwanda kandi hanabaye ibidasanzwe kuko ari bwo bwa mbere abarwayi bageze ku gihe cyo kunanirwa guhumeka, bagashyirwaho imashini zibafasha guhumeka ariko nyuma bakazazanzamuka ndetse bakaza no gukira.

Abasesenguzi mu by’ubuvuzi bemeza ko mu Rwanda ari ho honyine icyorezo cyateye kitaranabonerwa umuti ariko ibikorwa byo kuvura no gukingira bigatangira mu gihe gito cyane.

Dr. Nkeshimana yavuze ko mu gihe bari bagiye gutangira kwita ku barwayi ba Marburg byari ibihe bikomeye buri wese yari afitiye ubwoba

Isomo Marburg yasize…

Dr. Nkeshimana yavuze ko isomo ibindi bihugu bikwiye kuvana ku byo u Rwanda rwanyuzemo mu guhangana na Marburg, ari uko bagomba guhora biteguye ariko bakanamenya ko kurwara Marburg bitafatwa nk’igihano cy’urupfu.

Ati “Mbere abarwayi ba Marburg bashyirwaga mu kato ngo bapfe ariko ubu twagaragaje ko dushobora kubavura […] rero hari byinshi dushobora gusangiza abaturanyi.”

Uyu muganga avuga ko ategereje iminsi mike ngo ave muri hotel bamazemo iminsi bita mu rugo, bivuze ko ari iminsi umunani uhereye ku munsi umurwayi wa nyuma yakiriyeho bagahita basubira mu miryango yabo.

Yavuze ko akumbuye kongera guhura na bishywa be barimo ufite imyaka umunani, icyenda na 16 bakajyana kwitoza imikino njyarugamba nk’uko bamenyereye kubikora mu mpera z’icyumweru.

Ati “Nzaba mfite ubushobozi bwo kujya hanze kunywa ikawa cyangwa gusohokana n’inshuti, gusuhuza abantu no kubahobera nta mabwiriza abibuzanya ariho. Ndakeka ko nzategura nk’umugoroba umwe cyangwa ibiri ndi kumwe n’inshuti zanjye mu mujyi, tugaseka, tukumva umuziki tunakora ibikorwa bisanzwe byo mu buzima busanzwe.”

Dr. Nkeshimana akumbuye kujyana na bishywa be kwitoza kumasha

Amafoto: Andre Rugema /RBC