Ni uburyo bufasha gukemura impaka hagati y’abazifitanye mu gihe gito kandi bitabaye ngombwa ko hitabazwa inkiko.

Abazi neza ibijyanye n’ubucuruzi ni bo bagusobanurira neza uburyo igihe ari amafaranga, kandi ko kumara igihe wirukanka ku bitakwinjiriza amafaranga ari nko kwikora mu mufuka ugakuramo amafaranga ukayajugunya.

Iyo ni yo mpamvu rero n’abikorera mu Rwanda basanze batagomba gutangwa mu gukoresha ubukemurampaka mu gukemura amakimbirane bahura nayo mu bucuruzi.

Mu mwaka wa 2012 ku bufatanye n’inzego za Leta, bashyizeho Ikigo mpuzamahanga cy’Ubukemurampaka cya Kigali kizwi nka KIAC.

Muri zimwe mu nshingano icyo kigo cyahawe harimo gufasha abafitanye impaka mu bucuruzi kuzikemura hifashishijwe ubukemurampaka, ubuhuza ndetse n’ubundi buryo butandukanye bwo gukemura amakimbirane hatitabajwe inkiko.

Hari kandi gukora ubukangurambaga ku buryo bwo gukemura amakimbirane hatitabajwe inkiko, guhugura abifuza kuba abakemurampaka cyangwa abahuza no kumenyekanisha u Rwanda nka kimwe mu bihugu bifite icyicaro mu bukemurampaka ku rwego mpuzamahanga cyane ko iki kigo kimaze imyaka isaga 12 gikora izo nshingano.

Mu kiganiro cyihariye IGIHE yagiranye n’Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa KIAC, Mugabe Victor, yavuze ko ubukemurampaka ari uburyo abagiranye amasezerano bumvikanaho ko bazakoresha igihe havutse impaka mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo batiriwe biyambaza inkiko.

IGIHE: Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha ubukemurampaka?

Mugabe Inyungu ni nyinshi twavugamo nko kuba impande zombi ari zo zihitiramo abakemurampaka bababereye kandi bumva batabogamira ku ruhande runaka, kandi bizeye neza ko bazobereye mu rwego baburanamo ndetse no kuba bakwihitiramo ururimi rwakoreshwa mu bukemurampaka.

Ikindi ibyavuye mu bukemurampaka bikomeza kuba ibanga rikomeye ku buryo bidashyirwa hanze, ibyo bikaba byafasha impande zombi bitandukanye no mu nkiko aho ababuranyi baburanira bakanasomerwa mu ruhame.

Ikindi kandi impande zombi ni zo zigena igihe cyo guhura ngo hakorwe ubukemurampaka ndetse n’igihe iyo nzira igomba kumara kugira ngo bakoreshe igihe cyabo neza. Ikisumbuyeho ni uko ubukemurampaka bumara igihe gito cyane.

Indi nyungu iri mu gukoresha ubukemurampaka ni uko budateganya ubujurire cyangwa se gusubirishamo imanza nk’uko bigenda mu manza zicibwa n’inkiko. Ibyo bigatuma abafitanye ikibazo iyo bakoresheje ubukemurampaka gukemuka kw’icyo kibazo byihuta bigatuma n’izindi gahunda zikorwa neza kuko nta gusiragizwa biba mu bukemurampaka.

IGIHE: Ni iki cyatuma abafitanye ibibazo babizera?

Mugabe:Ubusanzwe umuntu akwiye kugira amakenga ariko rero na none KIAC ayo makenga yayakumara bitewe n’amategeko n’amabwiriza KIAC igenderaho kandi yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Amabwiriza y’ubukemurampaka ya KIAC afasha kwihutisha ubukemurampaka akanatanga igisubizo mu gihe gito kuri buri nzitizi yose yabangamira imigendekere y’ubukemurampaka, ndetse ayo mabwiriza akaba anagaragaza ibiciro by’ubukemurampaka bitandukanye n’ubundi bukemurampaka bw’abantu ku giti cyabo bashobora kwishyiriraho ibiciro uko babyumva.

KIAC ifite urutonde rw’abakemurampaka b’inararibonye mu gihugu n’abandi mpuzamahanga kandi impande zikeneye ubukemurampaka ni zo zihitiramo uwo zishaka.

Ifasha mu gutanga ibikenerwa bya ngombwa kugira ngo ubukemurampaka bukorwe neza, harimo ibyumba byifashishwa mu bukemurampaka, ibikoresho bitandukanye birimo ibyifashishwa mu nyandiko, gusohora inyandiko zanditswe na mudasobwa, ndetse no kuba abantu bashobora guhabwa serivisi hifashishijwe iyakure.

KIAC kandi ifasha abantu mu gutegura amasezerano, inabaha ingingo zitanga amakuru ahagije ku bukemurampaka yazafasha igihe impande zose zigize kutumvikana, iyo ngingo ikaba yakwitabazwa.

Mu gihe cyo gutanga icyemezo cy’ubukemurampaka kandi KIAC ibanza gucishamo ijisho, gusuzuma neza niba amabwiriza yose n’inzira ubukemurampaka bwanyuzemo byarubahirijwe, mbere yo gusinya icyemezo cy’ubukemurampaka no kugishyikiriza impande zifitanye ikibazo.

IGIHE: Mu myaka isaga 12 ishize ni iki KIAC yagezeho kiyigira ikigo cyizewe ku ruhando mpuzamahanga?

Mugabe Mu myaka isaga 12 ishize, KIAC yageze kuri byinshi cyane, harimo no kuba ifite icyicaro cyayo, aho ikorera wayisanga, ikaba iri mu bigo bike cyane byashoboye kwakira amadosiye menshi y’ubukemurampaka mu gihe gito.

Kugeza uyu munsi KIAC imaze kwakira amadosiye asaga 250. Muri yo agera hafi kuri 40% akaba ari amadosiye mpuzamahanga.

Ubu KIAC imaze gutanga amahugurwa ku bukemurampaka ku bantu bo mu ngeri zitandukanye basaga 800 biganjemo cyane cyane abanyamategeko. Abo bahuguwe akaba ari bo bavuyemo bamwe mu bakemurampaka KIAC ikoresha.

KIAC kandi yashoboye kureshya n’abakemurampaka mpuzamahanga bubatse izina kandi basanzwe bakorana n’ibindi bigo mpuzamahanga by’ubukemurampaka bikomeye ku Isi kandi bimaze imyaka myinshi bikora uwo murimo. Ubu urutonde rwa KIAC ruriho abakemurampaka basaga 130.

Ibi byose ni umusaruro wa KIAC mu myaka isaga 12 gusa, ari nayo mpamvu mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2020 na Kaminuza ya SOAS iherereye i London mu Bwongereza, bwashyize KIAC mu bigo bitatu byiza mu bukemurampaka muri Afurika kandi bibiri byaje imbere ya KIAC ni ibimaze imyaka isaga 40 bikora, kandi biherereye mu bihugu bifite ubukungu bukomeye cyane muri Afurika (Misiri na Afurika y’Epfo).

Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa KIAC, Mugabe Victor, yavuze ku rugendo rw'imyaka 12 KIAC imaze

IGIHE: None twahuza gute ubukemurampaka n’iterambere ry’ibucuruzi n’ishoramari mu Rwanda ndetse no ku Isi?

Mugabe:Ubukemurampaka ni kimwe mu bifasha kugabanya umwanya abantu bamara mu nkiko mu kurega no kwiregura ku kutumvikana runaka kuba kwabayeho. Kandi twese turabizi ko mu bucuruzi umwanya cyangwa se igihe ari amafaranga, bityo rero ubukemurampaka bufasha mu iterambere ry’ibyo byose kuko ryihutisha inzira zo gukemura ibibazo bityo ibihombo bishobora kuba byaturuka mu itinda ryo gukemura ibibazo bikirindwa.

Mbere yo gushora imari yabo mu gihugu rukana abashoramari babanza kumenya niba inzego z’icyo gihugu ari izo kwizerwa cyane cyane inzego zishinzwe korohereza abashoramari, inzego z’umutekano, ndetse n’inzego z’ubutabera.

Ni muri urwo rwego rero iyo abo bashoramari bizeye neza aho bagiye gushora imari, bibafasha kwisanga ndetse no kwizera ko igihe bakeneye ubutabera bazabubona.

Ku bijyane rero n’ubutabera, babanza gusuzuma uburyo igihugu cyashyizeho bwo gukemura amakimbirane mu bucuruzi butari inkiko zisanzwe kuko abashoramari b’abanyamahanga bisanga cyane mu nzira zo gukemura amakimbirane zitari inkiko, akaba ari ho rero inzego nka KIAC ziziramo bityo abashoramari bagakomeza gushora imari yabo mu gihugu cyacu batekanye.

Ubukemurampaka bukorwa na KIAC bukaba bwizerwa cyane kandi bukanaganwa n’Abanyarwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga kuko igihugu cyacu cyanashyizeho n’ibindi bikorwaremezo bikomeye kandi byizewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bituma ishoramari n’iterambere muri rusange mu gihugu cyacu birushaho gutera imbere.

Aha twavuga nko kugira ubuyobozi bwiza, bwizewe kandi buharanira iterambere ry’Umunyarwanda ndetse n’umuturarwanda wese, kugira icyerekezo cy’iterambere gisobanutse kandi gisaba uwo ari we wese yaba Umunyarwanda cyangwa umunyamahanga kukigiramo uruhare, kugira igihugu gitekanye na politiki yorohereza abanyamahanga kwinjira mu gihugu (immigration policy).

Hari gahunda y’igihugu mu kurwanya ruswa, gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubwikorezi no gutwara abantu bworohereza Abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga kugera mu Rwanda, kwagura ububanyi n’amahanga ndetse no kugira urwego rw’ubucamanza rushoboye kandi rwigenga kandi ruha agaciro inzira z’ubutabera butangwa hatisunzwe inkiko zirimo n’ubukemurampaka.

U Rwanda rwabishyizemo imbaraga nyinshi kandi runabigeraho aho usanga muri ibyo bikorwa byose tuvuze haruguru rushyirwa ku mwanya wa mbere muri Afurika ari byo byatumye abashoramari b’abanyamahanga bashora imari yabo mu Rwanda ari benshi ari nabyo byatumye igihugu cyacu gishobora gutera imbere mu gihe gito gishoboka nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

IGIHE: Mu mikorere ya buri munsi mu bukemurampaka ni izihe mbogamizi zikigaragaramo?

Mugabe:Mu mikorere ya buri munsi nta bibazo bidasanzwe duhura na byo, gusa igikomeye cyane ni imyumvire ikiri hasi ku bukemurampaka, cyane cyane mu Rwanda, ariko ntawe twarenganya cyane ku kudasobanukirwa n’imikorere y’ubukemurampaka kuko ari bwo bugitangira mu Rwanda.

Gusa usanga bamwe mu Banyarwanda cyangwa bimwe mu bigo nyarwanda bataritabira cyane gukoresha ubukemurampaka kuko bacyumva ko inkiko ari zo zonyine zabafasha gukemura ibibazo bagirana bishingiye ku masezerano batitaye ku mwanya n’ibihombo bakura mu nzira ndende z’inkiko nyamara KIAC ishobora kubaha serivisi bakeneye kandi vuba.

Ni muri urwo rwego, twiyemeje dufatanyije n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mu nzego za Leta cyangwa izigenga, guhora dushishikariza abantu kutugana kugira ngo dufatanyirize hamwe guharanira iterambere rirambye mu gihugu ndetse tukanagura imipaka.

Si n’ubukemurampaka gusa, hari n’ubuhuza (mediation) ku bagiranye amakimbirane n’ubundi buryo bwose butandukanye bwo gukemura amakimbirane hatisunzwe inkiko.