Bumwe mu buryo bwatangijwe kandi buri gutanga umusaruro ni ubuhuza. Ubuhuza ni igikorwa cyo guhuza abantu bafitanye ikibazo bagahuzwa n’undi muntu bahisemo udafite aho ahuriye n’ikibazo kugira ngo abafashe kuganira no kumvikana ku mwanzuro warangiza ikibazo bafitanye.

Ubu buryo bwaratangijwe mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda mu 2018 mu miburanishirize y’imanza z’ imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’izubutegetsi.

Mu gice giherutse, twavuze ku nyungu zo gukemura amakimbirane hakoreshejwe ubuhuza, aho kwitabaza inkiko mu buryo busanzwe. Tugiye gukomereza ku bunyamwuga n’icyo ubuhuza bwitezweho.

Ubunyamwuga ku bahuza

Abahuza ni abanyamwuga. Uretse n’ubumenyi baba bafite mu by’amategeko cyangwa undi mwuga, abahuza b’umwuga barabihuguriwe. Mu byo bahuguriwe harimo uko bakira abantu, uko batangiza ibiganiro, uko babiyobora, icyo bakora igihe habaye kunaniranwa ku ngingo iyi n’iyi, uko babigenza igihe habaye amarangamutima yatuma ibiganiro bidakomeza, kwirinda kubogama n’andi mahame agenga umwuga w’ubuhuza, n’ibindi.

Ku bijyanye n’ubuhuza ku manza zageze mu nkiko, imikorere n’imyitwarire y’abahuza bikurikiranwa n’akanama kashyizweho n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga (Court Mediation Advisory Committee) gashinzwe kugenzura imikorere y’abahuza, gusuzuma ibibazo bivuka, no kubishakira ibisubizo.

Icyo duteze ku buhuza

Ubuhuza mu Rwanda tubutezeho byinshi. Muri make harimo Kubanisha neza abanyarwanda, mu mahoro, mu mutuzo no mu mikoranire ibafasha kwiteza imbere, haba mu miryango, mu bucuruzi cyangwa mu kazi, ntibahore mu manza z’urudaca.

Indi nyungu ni ukugabanya ikiguzi n’umwanya bitwara mu gukemura impaka kubazifitanye, bikagira ingaruka nziza ku mibereho yabo.

Kuzamura ubukungu bw’Igihugu. Ubuhuza bukemuye ibibazo byinshi bishoboka byakabaye bijya mu nkiko, byatuma ubukungu bw’igihugu buzamuka kubera ko abantu baba bungutse umwanya wo bakoresha mu bikorwa bibyara inyungu.
Bwitezweho kandi kugabanya imanza zinjira mu nkiko, n’iziburanishwa. Ubuhuza buzagira ingaruka nziza zo guha abacamanza umwanya uhagije wo gutegura neza no gusesengura imanza bahabwa no kwandika inca rubanza z’intangarugero. Bizazamura ubudakemwa mu micire y’imanza.

Guca umuco w’amahugu ni indi nyungu ku buhuza. Ukuri kuvugwa mu buryo busesuye kuko abafitanye impaka baba bizeye ko bazagirirwa ibanga, ikindi ibyuho biterwa n’uko abantu benshi badasobanukiwe amategeko na byo bigafungwa kuko umuhuza aba atagendereye gukurikiza itegeko byanze bikunze ahubwo aba afatanya n’abafitanye impaka gushakisha igisubizo kibanogeye bose.

Imbogamizi n’uko zakemurwa

Ibyo duteze ku buhuza ntibyagerwaho hatabaye impinduka mu myumvire n’imitekerereze y’abo bireba. Abaturage bagomba kugira icyizere mu buhuza bakemera ko bwabakemurira ibibazo mu buryo bukwiye. Ubuhuza ku rwego rwisumbuye ku rw’Abunzi nkuko byasobanuwe ni bushya ntiburamenyerwa.

Ubukangurambaga nkuko bwatangijwe n’urwego rw’Ubucamanza bugomba gukomeza ndetse n’izindi nzego zikabugiramo uruhare kubera inyungu ku gihugu, kugira ngo abaturage basobanukirwe neza inyungu z’ubuhuza, babugane.

Abavoka nabo bafasha Ubuhuza gutera imbere bagize ubushake bwo kuyobora abakiliya babo mu buhuza. Uko bimeze, hari benshi mu bavoka badashyigikiye ubuhuza kubera ko bumva ko inzira y’inkiko ariyo itanga ubutabera nkuko babyize mu mashuri, cyangwa bakumva ko inyungu mu kuburana iruta iyo bakura mu buhuza bitewe n’uko ubuhuza buhita burangiza impaka. Hakenewe impinduka muri iyo myumvire.

Ku ruhande rw’abacamanza bamwe na bamwe, naho haracyari ikibazo cyo kutumva neza impamvu zo gushishikariza abagana Inkiko kugerageza ubuhuza kugira ngo bumvikane, bikemurire ibibazo badakomeje inzira ndende kandi igoranye y’inkiko.

Uretse imyumvire, indi mbogamizi n’uko hatarajyaho itegeko rigenga ubuhuza. Nubwo hari ingingo mu Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’izubutegetsi n’amabwiriza ya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nkuko byavuzwe, hakenewe itegeko ryihariye rigenga Ubuhuza risobanura ubumenyi n’ibindi bikenewe kugira ngo umuntu yemerwe gukora Ubuhuza (certification requirements), inshingano z’umuhuza n’ibijyanye n’imyitwarire. Itegeko rishobora gushyiraho n’ikigo kigenga gikurikirana ibijyanye n’amahugurwa, kwemeza abakora umwuga w’ubuhuza n’imyitwarire yabo. Ibi ni ngombwa kugira ngo rubanda bagire icyizere mu mikorere y’ubuhuza no kugira ngo inyungu duteze ku buhuza zigerweho. Hari Politike (policy) ku buhuza yamaze gutegurwa ikaba itegereje kwemezwa n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri. Nyuma yaho hari icyizere ko hazajyaho itegeko rigenga ubuhuza.

Umwanzuro

Hashingiwe ku mbogamizi n’ ingaruka zo gukemura impaka mu nkiko ugereranije n’ibyiza by’ubuhuza nkuko byagaragajwe, hari icyizere ko mu gihe kizaza abanyarwanda ndetse n’abaturarwanda bazarushaho kugana ubuhuza, bakizigamira amafaranga n’umwanya batakaza mu nkiko bakabaye bakoresha mu bikorwa bibafitiye inyungu, bizamura imibereho yabo.

Ikigamijwe ntabwo ari uko ubuhuza busimbura kuregera Inkiko. Hari impaka zidakwiye kujya mu buhuza zigomba gukemurwa n’inkiko zigatanga umurongo ngenderwaho. Ubuhuza buza bwunganira inkiko mu gukemura impaka n’amakimbirane. Ntabwo ari umuti urangiza ibibazo byose bivutse, ariko niyo nzira y’amahoro, ubworoherane, n’imibanire myiza, ishingiye ku muco nyarwanda kandi itanga ubutabera butuma abifitanye impaka banyurwa, bakaba bakongera kugirirana icyizere.

Inkuru bijyanye: Inyungu zo kugana inzira y’Ubuhuza mu Rwanda ugereranyije no kujya mu nkiko

Inyungu zo gukemura amakimbirane hakoreshejwe ubuhuza aho kumaranira mu nkiko

Byagaragaye ko iyo ibibazo by'abaturage bikemuwe mu bwumvikane, bigira umusaruro kurusha kubikemurira mu nkiko