Ab’inkwakuzi barigeze kure baribyaza umusaruro, haba mu nyungu zabo bwite, iz’akazi, cyangwa iz’ibigo byaba ibya Leta n’iby’abikorera.

Gusa muri uko kurikoresha, hari amagambo menshi urisangamo (terminologies) bikigoye kuyasobanukirwa neza, ku buryo benshi batarumva icyo avuze mu buryo bwuzuye.

Icyakora ntiyaba inzitizi cyane mu kuba wakoresha AI, ariko iyo uyasobanukiwe uyibyaza umusaruro kurushaho, ukanayikoresha mu buryo bwagutse.

Amagambo akoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga rya AI ntiwahamya ngo ni angahe, ariko hari agenda agaruka kenshi.

Iyi nkuru irabimburira uruhererekane rw’izizagenda ziyasobanura rimwe ku rindi, by’umwihariko agaragara kenshi.

Ubundi ‘AI’ ubwayo ni iki?

‘Artificial intelligence’ bavuga ‘AI’ mu mpine, ni uburyo bw’imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga ryifashisha ibikoresho binyuranye, rigakora inshingano ryahawe ritekereza nk’abantu.

Icyakora ubu ahenshi bafata AI nk’ikoranabuhanga gusa cyangwa ingeri yaryo, ntibayibandeho byimbitse ku buryo usanga abayikoresha nta kindi bayitekerezaho.

Bijyanye n’ukuntu ijambo AI risigaye rikoreshwa cyane mu kwamamaza, byatumye benshi batakiritaho umwanya, barifata nk’irisanzwe kandi mu by’ukuri bataryumva neza. Mbese ntibariha uburemere rifite.

Nk’ubu Sosiyete y’Abanyamerika y’ikimenyabose mu ruganda rw’ikoranabuhanga, Google, ivuga ko imaze imyaka myinshi ishora imari muri AI. Iyo ubyumvishe uko, ushobora kugira ngo ni nk’ikigo kindi cyangwa ishami yatangije.

Nyamara iba ivuga ibicuruzwa izana ku isoko bibasha gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya AI, birimo nka purogaramu ya Gemini.

Umunyemari Elon Musk we iyo avuze AI, akenshi aba ashatse kuvuga ‘chatbots’, purogaramu za mudasobwa ziba zigenewe kuganira n’abantu zitwara nkabo, hakoreshejwe internet.

Uko sosiyete n’ibigo bikomeye mu Isi birushaho kwamamaza AI nk’ikintu cy’igitangaza kigomba kwitegwa mu ikoranabuhanga, ni ko kuyisobanukirwa neza birushaho gutera urujijo kuko usanga byose bidakoresha iryo jambo mu buryo bumwe buhamye.

Machine learning (ML)

Ubu ni uburyo “systems” za purogaramu runaka zihugurwa ku bintu ibi n’ibi, ku buryo zishobora guteganya ibijyanye n’amakuru mashya. Muri ubwo buryo, ziba zishobora kwiga.

Iki ni kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi cyane bigize ikoranabuhanga rya AI. Cyibanda cyane ku gukoresha bya bindi cyigishijwe kikitwara nk’abantu cyiga n’ibindi bishya, ari nako kirushaho kubaka ubushobozi bwa AI.

Artificial general intelligence (AGI)

Ahantu wumva cyangwa ukabona “Artificial general intelligence (AGI)” baba bashatse kuvuga AI yo kurwego rwo hejuru, ifite imikorere imeze neza nk’iy’abantu, cyangwa irenze iy’abantu ku bintu bimwe na bimwe.

Sosiyete y’Abanyamerika iherereye i San Francisco, OpenAI, ni yo yashyize ingufu nyinshi mu gukora bene izo purogaramu, aho zo zidakenera kwigishwa ahubwo ziyigisha.

Bene izo purogaramu zibasha gukora ibintu zitigeze zihugurwaho cyangwa ngo zigishwe uko bikorwa. Zo ubwazo zitekerereza uko bikwiye gukorwa, kandi zikabikora neza.

Urugero rwa hafi kuri ‘Artificial general intelligence’, ni ikoranabuhanga rishyirwa mu modoka zikitwara mu muhanda (Self-driving car) nta mushoferi urimo.

Izi ntiziba zarahuguwe kugenda mu muhanda runaka umwe, ngo abe ariho zigenda kandi ntizirenge mu ntera iyi n’iyi. Zoherezwa mu muhanda, ikoranabuhanga ryazo rikiga imiterere y’umuhanda, rikamenya aho rikwiye gufata feri, kongera umuriro, gukata, no guhagarara.

Birumvikana ko ari ikoranabuhanga rihambaye, ariko benshi ryabateye ubwoba kubera kumva ko rishobora gutekereza kurusha umuntu.

Benshi bizera ko ikiremwa muntu gifite ububasha bwo kuyobora Isi n’ibiyirimo. Kumva kimwe mu byaremwe n’abantu gishobora kurusha umuntu gutekereza, bihagarika imitima y’abatari bake.

Bijyanye n’uko ikoranabuhanga rimaze kuba nka kimwe mu bice by’umubiri w’umuntu ku buryo kubaho atarifite byagorana, gutekereza ko ryareka gutezwa imbere kubera ubwo bwoba nabyo byagira izindi ngaruka zikomeye.

Uko imyaka ishira indi igataha, ni ko Isi ibamo impinduka nyinshi zishobora guhungabanya ubuzima bwa muntu mu gihe yaba ataratekereje mbere ku kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga. Muri make azabana naryo ubuzima bwose asigaje.

Generative AI

Iyi ni ingeri ya AI iba igenewe guhanga. Ishobora guhanga amafoto, inyandiko, n’ibindi.

Urugero rwa Generative AI ni purogaramu ya ChatGPT yakozwe na OpenAI imaze kuba ikimenyabose, aho usanga hari n’abayikoresha batazi ko ari AI.

Purogaramu ya Gemini yakozwe na Google, nayo ikora muri ubwo buryo.

Izo Generative AI zihugurwa, zikanigishwa ku makuru menshi atandukanye, ku buryo iyo ugize ibyo uzibaza ziba ziteguye kugira ibyo zigusubiza.

Icyakora kugeza ubu ntiwakwizera 100% ibisubizo wahawe na AI, kuko bitewe n’uwayihuguye cyangwa uwayigishije ku ngingo runaka, biba bishoboka cyane ko iguha amakuru abogamye, cyangwa ikayakwima bitewe n’ingingo ubazaho.

Hari n’ubwo iyavangavanga bitewe ahanini n’ingano y’ibyo ibitse mu bubiko bwayo.

Ntuzacikwe n’igice kizakurikira…

AI ikomeje kwiyambazwa mu ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu ngezi zose