Guhamagarana ni urugero rumwe dufashe, kuko ugiye mu zindi serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga Umunyafurika aba akeneye nka internet n’ibindi, inyinshi zibanza kunyura mu bigo bikomeye by’u Burayi cyangwa Amerika.
Biterwa no kubura ibikorwaremezo bikomeye by’itumanaho bihagije nk’ibizwi nka ‘Internet Exchange Points: (IXPs)’ bishobora gufasha kugira ngo uko guhamagarana gukorwe bitabanje gusimbukira hakurya.
Buriya iyo uhamagaye umuntu kuri telefone, kugira ngo uwo uhamagaye akwakire mwumvikane, biba byasabye ibintu byinshi, aho ibigo by’itumanaho n’abahanga babikoresha biba byakoze umurimo ukomeye kugira ngo icyo gikorwa gikunde. Bijyana ariko n’ibikorwaremezo bigezweho.
IXP zigira uruhare runini mu guhuza serivisi za telefone nko guhamagarana n’ibindi bigakorwa vuba, ndetse ku giciro kiri hasi.
Zikora nk’izingiro ry’ihuriro ry’ibigo bitanga serivisi za internet, bagahanahana amakuru byihuse, uhamagara akakirwa n’uwo ahamagaye bidasabye kunyura hanze y’umugabane.
Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, ni nka kwa kundi ushobora kuba uri i Musanze ushaka kuza i Kigali aho kunyura i Rulindo, ukabanza kunyura za Nyabihu, Ngororero, Muhanga, ukabona kwinjira Umurwa Mukuru, kuko wenda umuhanda wa Kigali-Musanze udahari cyangwa warangiritse.
Ni ikibazo gitizwa umurindi n’uko Afurika yahoze yishingikiriza ibikorwaremezo byo ku yindi migabane yateye imbere, ibintu byakomeje gutyo, kugeza uyu munsi.
Mu 2020 Ihuriro ry’Ibigo by’Ikoranabuhanga bigamije ubufatanye bwo guteza imbere Ikoranabuhanga mu bihugu 40 bya Afurika, Smart Africa ryagaragaje ko uko kunyuza ibyo bikorwa by’itumanaho hanze ya Afurika bitwara ibyo bihugu ibyo bihugu hafi miliyari 3,5$ ku mwaka.
Ni imibare yagaragajwe kandi Smart Africa ikigizwe n’ibihugu 24. Ubu byabaye 40 na we urumva ko ikiguzi cyikubye hafi nka kabiri.
Ibyo bijyana kandi n’ibikorwaremezo by’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere ha handi Umunyafurika ajya kujya mu kindi gihugu cya Afurika na bwo bikamusaba kubanza kunyura i Burayi, Aziya n’ahandi.
Ibyo bibazo ni byo byatumye mu 2016 Perezida Kagame n’uwari Perezida wa Gabon, Ali Bongo Ondimba biyemeza gushyiraho umushinga wo guhuza Afurika mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho bawita ‘One Africa Network’.
Icyo gihe bari mu nama ya Afurika Yunze Ubumwe yaberaga i Kigali, bagaragaza ko intego ya OAN ari ukoroshya itumanaho hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika, ibiciro bikoroshywa, serivisi zigatangwa vuba ubuhahirane hagati yayo bugatezwa imbere.
Ni umushinga watangiye hashize igihe gito hatangijwe undi u Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda na Sudani y’Epfo byari byatangije.
Bijyanye n’uko buri gihugu kinyamuryango kigira umushinga gikurikirana muri OAN, u Rwanda rwafashe uwo kurimbisha imijyi, Gabon ifata uwo kunoza itumanaho n’ibindi bihugu bifite indi uko bimaze kuba 40.
Birantega ziracyari zose
Umuyobozi muri Smart Africa ushinzwe ibijyanye no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga na serivisi, Dr Ralph Oyini Mbouna, yagaragaje ko mu bikomeje kuba imbogamizi n’imikorere y’ibihugu itandukanye irimo.
Ubwo yari mu nama iherutse kubera i Kigali ijyanye no kureberahamwe uko izo mbogamizi zakurwaho, Dr Mbouna yavuze ko Afurika ari umwe mu mibagabe ifite ibihugu byinshi, bifite imiyoborere n’imyumvire itandukanye, bikaba bimwe mu biri kugonga OAN cyane.
Ati “Dufite ibihugu bigera kuri 54 muri Afurika. Ibyinshi bifite imiyoborere itandukanye. Turashaka gukora ku buryo imiyoborere n’imyumvire yaba imwe kuri iyo ngingo hanyuma na bya biciro bigahuzwa.”
Uyu muyobozi avuga ko impamvu byoroshye ku bigo bitanga serivisi zitumanaho guca i Kibungo aka ya nsigamigani, mu guhuza Abanyafurika bahamagarana, nta nzira ya bugufi ihari zituma bikorwa.
Ni ibintu agereranya no kuba ibihugu bifite imihanda ibihuza by’ako kanya, ha handi iyo idahari imodoka zambukiranya imipaka zica mu mihanda iziguye.
Ati “Bigatwara amafaranga menshi, umwanya mwinshi, lisansi nyinshi n’ibindi. Ni uko bimeze no mu itumanaho. Iyo nta bikorwaremezo, ibintu biragorana.”
Dr Mbouni yagaragaje kugenda biguru ntege mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa by’ibyemezo bitandukanye bifatwa nk’indi mbogamizi ikomeye, ikomeje kuzahaza gahunda yo guhuza Afurika mu ikoranabuhanga.
Yongeye kwifashisha u Burayi nk’urugero rwiza rw’ibyashobotse, yagaragaje ko uyu mugabane ufite inzego mpuzamahanga zikomeye, zishobora guhatira ibihugu gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo byafashwe ku rwego rw’u Burayi bwose.
Icyakora ku ko kuri Afurika nta bene nk’izo nzego zikomeye ifite, Smart Africa iba isabwa kugirana ibiganiro na buri gihugu, ikabicyumvisha ibintu bifata igihe kirekire.
Icyakora uyu muyobozi avuga ko uko bigomba kugenda kose izo mbogamizi zigomba gukemurwa, binyuze mu ngamba bafashe zirimo kugaragaza uburyo ibihugu bigomba guhuza imikorere, ibiciro bikagabanywa.
Ati “Imyanzuro yafatiwe muri iyi nama irihariye kandi irakoreka. Uretse guhuza imiyoborere n’imikorere twagaragaje uko ibiciro byashyirwaho, tukabiha ibigo biri muri iyo mirimo, bikagabanya ibyo biciro ariko bigakorwa ku ngero zitandukanye.”
Impamvu y’ingero zitandukanye ni uko niba nko mu gihugu A baca 100$ nk’ikiguzi cyo guhamagarana no gukoresha internet, cyasabwa gushyira nko kuri 80$, igisanzwe gifite 120$ kigasabwa 100$ ibiciro kikagenda bigabanywa kugeza bageze ku kigero cyifuzwa bitarenze 2030.
Ni ibintu byatangiye gukunda kuko nk’ubu mu kwezi gushize ibihugu bya Gabon, Ghana, Togo na Bénin byamaze kwemeranya gushyiraho ibiciro bimwe ku baturage babyo.
Ni icyemezo cyafashwe nyuma y’uko igikorwa nk’icyo cyakunze hagati ya Ghana na Côte d’Ivoire aho abaturage babyo bashobora gukoresha serivisi za telefone bidasabye ibiciro mpuzamahanga.
Ikindi ni uko AU yashyizeho imishinga itandukanye irimo n’uzwi nka ‘African Internet Exchange System’ wo gushyiraho ha hantu hashobora guhurizwa amakuru (IXPs) kugira ngo guhamagarana hagati y’Abanyafurika bikorewe muri Afurika.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO
AMATEGEKO AGENGA IYANDIKA RY'IGITEKEREZO CYAWE
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