Umwihariko wa PowerM Ltd, uruganda rw’u Rwanda rwa mbere mu Karere rutunganya coltan na gasegereti hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho

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Umwihariko wa PowerM Ltd, uruganda rw’u Rwanda rwa mbere mu Karere rutunganya coltan na gasegereti hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho

Yanditswe na Igizeneza Jean Désiré

Kuya 7 March 2025 saa 10:10

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Byibuze ibilo 800 ku munsi cyangwa toni zikabakaba 300 ku mwaka z’amabuye ya coltan na gasegereti ni yo acukurwa mu kirombe cya Rukaragata giherereye mu Kagali ka Rususa mu Murenge wa Ngororero mu Karere ka Ngororero.

Ayo mabuye y’agaciro acukurwa n’Ikigo cya PowerM Ltd. Coltan icukurwa aha yoherezwa gutunganywa mu ruganda rwa PowerX Ltd mu gihe gasegereti yo yoherezwa mu ruganda rwa LuNa Smelter Ltd ruherereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali gutunganywa.

PowerM Ltd icukura ikanatunganya amabuye y’agaciro ku rwego rw’ibanze na PowerX Ltd itunganya coltan ikavanwamo ifu ya tantalum ni ibigo by’Ikigo cy’ishoramari mu bijyanye n’amabuye y’agaciro kizwi nka ‘Power Resources International Ltd.”

Kugira ngo PowerM Ltd itangire gucukura aya mabuye y’agaciro muri iki gice cya Ngororero, yabanje gukora ubushakashatsi bw’imyaka ine, harebwa n’urugero iriho n’ubudasa bwayo ugereranyije n’ahandi.

Mu gice kingana na metero 600 yabonyemo amabuye y’agaciro atandukanye ashobora gucukurwa kugeza mu myaka 16 iri imbere, iramutse icukuwe mu buryo bugezweho, icyakora ubuyobozi bwa PowerM Ltd bukagaragaza ko muri ibi bice hasanzwemo amabuye menshi cyane.

Mu 2018 yahise itangira imirimo ariko mu buryo bugezweho bukoresha imashini nyinshi cyane kurusha umubare w’abantu, aho mu bindi birombe usangamo abakozi babarirwa mu bihumbi, PowerM Ltd yo ifite abakozi 185 bakora mu byiciro bine, kuko uruganda rukora amasaha 24 ku yandi.

Iki kigo gicukura amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo butinjira mu musozi cyane nka bimwe byo gukora ubuvumo, ahubwo yo ibanza gukuraho ‘couche’ y’itaka ryo hejuru y’ahabonetse amabuye, hanyuma yagera ku itaka ry’ingwa ibamo amabuye y’agaciro, igatangira kuritunganya.

Muri PowerM Ltd hatunganywa umusenyi uri hagati ya toni 1000 na toni 1200 ku munsi. Basya umucanga kugeza ku ngano ya milimetero ebyiri kugira ngo ibuye ry’agaciro ryitandukanye n’imyanda cyangwa andi mabuye.

Iyo nzira ni na yo ivamo ibilo 800 bya gasegereti na coltan ku munsi, imibare ishobora kwiyongera ikagera kuri toni 1,5.

Mu bilo 800 by’ayo mabuye yombi, ibigera kuri 480 bingana na 60% biba ari ibya coltan mu gihe ibilo 320 biba ari ibya gasegereti, bingana na 40% by’umusaruro uhaboneka buri munsi.

Coltan y’i Rukaragata itunganyirizwa aho icukurirwa kugeza byibuze ku rugero rwa 30% kusubiza hejuru. Gutunganywa bivugwa aha ni ugukuramo indi myanda cyangwa andi mabuye aba ari kumwe n’aya avamo tantalum.

Iyo imaze gutunganywa kuri urwo rugero yoherezwa i Bugesera ahari uruganda rwa PowerX Ltd rutunganya iyo coltan ikavanwamo ifu ya tantalum. Ni uruganda rwuzuye rutwaye arenga miliyoni 20$ rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 120 za coltan mu kwezi.

Urwo ruganda kandi ruyitandukanya n’indi fu izwi nka Niobium.

Tantalum ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibizwi nk’ibitanda (motherboards) by’ibyuma by’ikoranabuhanga nka mudasobwa, televiziyo, radiyo, telefone n’ibindi. Niobium yo ikoreshwa mu igihe bakora moteri z’indege n’imashini zo kwa muganga zizwi nka MRI.

Ikilo cya coltan itunganyijwe ku rwego rwa 30% kigura 90$, icyakora ikabarwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Ni ukuvuga ngo coltan iba itunganyijwe ku rugero rwa 1% igura 2,9$, ukoze imibare ukabona ko iri ku rwego rwa 30% ikilo kimwe kigura hafi 90$, yagezwa kuri PowerX Ltd imaze kubyazwamo tantalum, ikiguzi kikikuba kabiri. Gusa coltan yemerwa kugurwa iyo byibuze itunganyijwe kugeza kuri 20%.

Aha ni ho Rusizana David ushinzwe imirimo yo gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro kuva akimara gucukurwa kugeza ahinduwemo icyuma muri PowerM Ltd, ahera avuga ko coltan yo mu Rwanda iba ifite agaciro kurusha izindi ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Ati “Ubwiza bwa coltan y’u Rwanda buturuka ku mpamvu ebyiri zirimo ko amabuye yacu atagira imyanda myinshi nyuma yo kuyoza ugereranyije n’andi yo mu mahanga. Indi mpamvu ikaba uburyo bwa kinyamwuga tuyatunganyamo. Abenshi usanga boza mu buryo biboneye. Twe dusya umucanga kugera kuri milimeteri ebyiri, ibituma ya mabuye yandi atandukana na coltan ya nyayo. Ya myanda yose iba yakuweho tugasigarana ibuye ry’agaciro ryacu.”

Impamvu coltan yo mu Rwanda itunganyirizwa aho icukurirwa kugera ku kigero cy’umwimerere ya 30% ntigere ku 100%, ni uko iba iri kumwe n’andi mabuye, nka Niobium, Ubutare n’andi mabuye, icyakora agera ku moko 10 PowerM Ltd iri guteganya uburyo n’ayo yajya abyazwa umusaruro aho gufatwa nk’imyanda.

Mu bakozi 185 hafi 99% ni Abanyarwanda noneho 80% bakaba abo mu bice bya Ngororero. Abo barimo Yankurije Betty umaze imyaka irindwi akora mu birombe bya Rukaragata.

Uyu mubyeyi w’abana batanu ubwo twamusangaga ari gukora ku mashini itandukanya amabuye y’agaciro n’ibifatwa nk’imyanda yagize ati “Mu myaka irindwi nageze kuri byinshi. Mbere nta mafaranga nagiraga. Ubu nishyurira abana ishuri, nubatse inzu, naguze inka ebyiri, isambu y’ibihumbi 600 Frw n’ibindi byinshi.”

Umuyobozi w’Ishami rya RMB rishinzwe ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ubugenzuzi bwayo, Nsengumuremyi Donat, yavuze ko hafi 80% by’ibice byo mu Rwanda byose bibarizwamo coltan kuko igihugu giherereye rwagati mu gice cya Kibara Belt kikungahaye kuri ayo mabuye.

Ati “Dufite coltan ku bwinshi ndetse ikagira umwihariko wo kuba nziza kurusha izindi. Amabuye ya coltan na gasegereti usanga acukurwa ahantu kenshi mu Rwanda ku gipimo cya 80%.”

Imibare ya RMB igaragaza ko amabuye y’agaciro yoherejwe mu mahanga mu 2023 yinjirije u Rwanda asaga miliyari 1.1$, avuye kuri miliyoni 772 z’Amadorali ya Amerika, bigaragaza izamuka rya 43.0%.

Amabuye ya Gasegereti yagurishijwe mu Ukwakira 2023 yari ibilo 431.035 bifite agaciro ka 6.487.192$, mu Ugushyingo hagurishwa ibilo 416.231 ku 6.274.000$ mu gihe mu Ukuboza 2023 hagurishijwe gasegereti ingana n’ibilo 446.342 byinjije 6.923.495$.

Umusaruro wa Colta mu Ukwakira 2023 wari ibilo 159.297 byinjirije u Rwanda 6.907.161$, na ho mu Ugushyingo aya mabuye yageze ku bilo 128.887 yinjiza 5.364.535$ mu gihe mu Ukuboza 2023, umusaruro wayo wiyongereye cyane kuko hoherejwe hanze ibilo 180.393 byinjije 6.630.391$.