Minisitiri wa 17 mu myaka 30, uwayirambyemo ntiyarengeje itanu: MINEDUC yabaye intebe ishyushye!

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Minisitiri wa 17 mu myaka 30, uwayirambyemo ntiyarengeje itanu: MINEDUC yabaye intebe ishyushye!

Yanditswe na Uwimana Abraham

Kuya 12 September 2024 saa 10:53

Yasuwe :

Yavuzweho:

Ubwo nari ntashye ncitse akazi mu masaha y’umugoroba wo ku wa 11 Nzeri 2024, ubutumwa bwaje muri telefone yanjye mamaho akajisho mbona ni itangazo rivuye mu Biro bya Minisitiri w’Intebe ryanditse kuri rwa rupapuro rw’umuhondo rumaze kuba ikimenyabose. Ubwo nahise mpagarara gato ngo mbanze ndibagire, ni uko mbona ngo Minisitiri w’Uburezi arahindutse.

Ubu se mvuge ngo natunguwe! Simbizi gusa ibyambayeho ni uruvange, natunguwe no kubona hari impinduka zibaye nyuma y’iminsi mike gusa Guverinoma nshya irahiriye gutangira inshingano, ariko na none ku rundi ruhande sinatungurwa kuko izo mpinduka zibaye muri MINEDUC. Navuze nti ‘akabaye icwende umenya katoga koko!’

Nahise nsa n’usubira inyuma mu bihe nibuka ko Nsengimana Joseph wagizwe Minisitiri w’Uburezi mushya asimbuye Twagirayezu Gaspard, abaye Minisitiri wa 17 ugiye kuyobora iyo Minisiteri mu myaka 30 ishize. Ni ukuvuga ko ushyize ku mpuzandengo, iyo Minisiteri ntawe uyiyobora igihe kirenze umwaka n’amezi arindwi. Gusa nibutse kandi ko Romain Murenzi ariwe wageze kure kuko yamaze imyaka itanu.

Ubundi kera tukiga mu mashuri abanza, mu isomo ry’Uburere Mboneragihugu, twajyaga twigamo n’abayobozi b’igihugu barimo n’abaminisitiri, wasangaga umwana azi ngo Minisiteri iyi n’iyi iyobowe na runaka, bakanabitubaza mu bizamini yewe.

Ni yo mpamvu kuri ubu hari abagifite mu mutwe, Minisitiri w’Uburezi runaka cyangwa kanaka, bitewe n’uko kubafata mu mutwe, ariko cyane cyane bitewe n’ibyo bakoze ubwo bari bayoboye iyo Minisiteri.

Benshi ngira ngo muribuka Minisitiri Mudidi, yaraje agaragaza ko gusibiza abanyeshuri bidakwiriye ahubwo bakwiye gukurikiranwa kugira ngo bose bimuke, bamwe babyise “Promotion automatique”, gusa ashimirwa na benshi bavuga ko iyo atahaba batari kuzayarangiza.

Mudidi yavugaga ko “nta mwana w’umuswa ubaho, bose bagomba kwimuka mu gihe hari imyanya yo kubakira mu ishuri ryisumbuye.” Icyo gihe benshi bari barirukanwe [baratemwe] kubera gutsindwa bagarutse mu ishuri n’abandi bigana umutima utuje, n’ubwo hari abanenze iyo gahunda.

Mudidi yavugaga ko nta mwana w'umuswa ubaho, bityo ko bose bakwiye gufashwa bakimuka

Ngira ngo muribuka Col. Dr. Joseph Karemera waciye diplôme za bamwe mu bari bararangije ayisumbuye avuga ko zitujuje ibisabwa n’ireme ry’uburezi igihugu cyifuzaga kugeraho.

Impamvu yo guca izo diplôme, ni uko icyo gihe abayobozi b’ibigo batungwaga agatoki ku gutanga amanota mu buryo budakurikije amabwiriza ya Minisiteri y’Uburezi.

Dr. Karemera yavuze ko hari abahawe diplôme nta bumenyi buhagije bafite, hari abakopeye, ndetse n’abongerewe amanota. Ibyo byatumye diplôme zabo zicibwa.

Guca diplôme byafashwe nka sakirirego ari na byo byatumye itangazamakuru ribaza Col. Dr. Karemera niba nta bwoba afite bwo guhangara ikintu nk’icyo, maze arabasubiza ati “Ufite intare nayiziture.”

Hari n’abavuga ko nyuma yaho yaba yarasuye iyahoze ari Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda, abanyeshuri bakamubaza uburyo diplôme zicibwa kandi kuzibona bivunanye, maze akabasubiza ababwira ko bagiye muri politiki basanga ari Minisitiri, mu gisirikare bagasanga ari Koloneli, mu bijyanye n’uburezi basanga ari Dogiteri, rero asubiza ko “Ibyo nakoze nabitekerejeho.”

Ubu se n’uwakwibagirwa, yakwibagirwa ubwo Dr. Biruta Vincent yari ayoboye iyi Minisiteri, abanyeshuri bagera ku 6186 bari barasimbutse icyiciro rusange badakoze ikizamini kibemerera kwiga mu wa kane, basubijwe inyuma kujya kugikora, kandi benshi bari bageze no muri za Kaminuza, ndabyibuka nk’ibyabaye ejo.

Ndatekereza ko mu bari abarimu cyangwa abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri nta wapfa kwibagirwa Dr. Mutimura Eugene, uko yakangaraga abarimu na bamwe mu bayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri, ndetse akanabikorera imbere y’abanyeshuri babo rimwe na rimwe.

Muribuka se Dr. Harebamungu Mathias, ubwo yari Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe Amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, maze agafata isuka agacoca telefoni zari zafatanywe abanyeshuri bo mu kigo cy’amashuri yisumbuye mu karere ka Ruhango.

Si ibyo gusa kandi yafunze na Cantine zo mu bigo by’amashuri, zaramiraga abatari bake, avuga ko abayobozi b’amashuri bari barazigize ubucuruzi aho kurengera imibereho myiza y’umunyeshuri.

Iyi foto yibutsa benshi byinshi, ubwo Harebamungu yajanjaguruga telefone z'abanyeshuri

Abo bose ibyo byose babikoze bashaka impinduka nziza mu burezi, nk’imwe mu nkingi mwikorezi mu iterambere ry’igihugu. Gusa aka wa mugani, “ziracyapfa bitanihira”, muri ibyo byose bikorwa byagaragaye ko ntawe ukoza umwotso ku kibazo nyamukuru neza ngo maze acutse manda anongezwe indi.

Reka da! Nk’ubu uvugwa ko yayirambyemo ni Prof. Romain Murenzi wayiyoboye imyaka itanu [2001-2006], na ho Prof. Silas Lwakabamba wayiyoboye igihe gito ntiyarengeje amezi cumi na kumwe [Nyakanga 2014 - Kamena 2015].

Prof. Silas Lwakabamba ari mu bayoboye Mineduc igihe gito

Izicwa na nde?...

Hari umugani wa kera twajyaga dusoma warimo ikibazo kivuga ngo “iriya mbogo, izicwa na nde?” Muri rusange washakaga kwerekana ko haba hakenewe umuntu udasanzwe cyangwa ukora ibidanzwe ngo abashe kwesa umuhigo abandi bananiwe.

Ikibazo nk’icyo rero sinabura kukibaza muri MINEDUC idakunda kurambana n’abayobozi bayo, ese bipfira he, ko bose bajyaho tubona ari abanyabigwi b’inararibonye, ndetse ubona rwose babashije, ariko bidateye kabiri, ngizo impinduka, kandi twemeranye ko ntawe uhindura ikipe itsinda, ahubwo impinduka ziba zigamije kureba ko hari ibyakorwa neza kurushaho. Benshi barayigeze ariko yabuze uwo ikwira.

Ubundi Jenoside ikirangira Mineduc yitwaga Mineprisec (Ministère de l‘Enseignement Primaire et Secondaire) icyo gihe yayobowe na Pierre Célestin Rwigema. Yaje gusimburwa na Ngirabanzi Laurien hajyaho Col Dr Joseph Karemera kugeza mu 1999, ubwo yagirwaga Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Emmanuel Mudidi ni we winjije iyo Minisiteri mu kinyagihumbi gishya, ahawe inshingano kuva mu 1999 kugeza 2001, hakurikiraho Romain Murenzi wagejeje mu 2006.

Kuva muri 2006 yashyizwe mu biganza bya Dr Mujawamariya Jeanne d’Arc kugeza muri 2008, asimbuwe na Dr. Gahakwa Daphrose wayiyoboye umwaka umwe, na we asimburwa na Charles Muligande kuva muri 2009 kugeza mu wa 2011.

Dr.Pierre Damien Habumuremyi yayinjiyemo kuva ku wa 7 Ukwakira 2011 kugeza muri Nyakanga 2014, asimburwa na Dr.Vincent Biruta, wakorewe mu ngata na Prof.Silas Lwakabamba muri 2014 kugeza muri Kamena 2015. Kuva 2015 kugeza 2017 yayobowe na Dr.Papias Musafiri Malimba, kuva 2017 kugeza 2020 yayobowe na Dr. Eugene Mutimura.

Kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2023 yari iyobowe na Dr. Uwamariya Valentine, wasimbuwe na Twagirayezu Gaspard, wari Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri yo, akayiyobora kuva mu 2023 kugeza ku wa 11 Nzeri 2024, aho yasimbuwe na Nsengimana Joseph, Minisitiri w’Uburezi mushya.

Zimwe mu mpinduka zikomeye mu burezi bw’u Rwanda

Amateka y’Uburezi mu Rwanda si aya none kuko kera Abanyarwanda bagiraga uburezi gakondo aho ingimbi n’abangavu bajyanwaga mu ‘Itorero’ no mu ‘Rubohero’ bakigishwa indangagaciro na kirazira by’umuco Nyarwanda, bikabategura kuzavamo abagabo batabarira igihugu n’abagore bacyambarira impumbya.

Ubwo burezi bwunganiwe n’ubugezweho tubona uyu munsi, bwadukanywe n’Abamisiyoneri mu myaka ya 1900, aho umunyeshuri yicara mu ishuri akigishwa n’umwarimu amasomo atandukanye.

Mu 1979, habayeho impinduka [réforme] mu burezi yashyizeho ko imyaka yo gutangira umwaka wa mbere w’amashuri abanza ari irindwi ivuye kuri itandatu. Imyaka umunyeshuri yamaraga mu mashuri abanza yavuye kuri itandatu igera ku munani, aho ibiri ya nyuma yibandaga ku buhinzi n’imyuga.

Mu gutoranya abajyaga mu mashuri yisumbuye y’icyitegererezo, habagaho ikizamini [concours] ndetse hakitabwaho n’aho umuntu akomoka.

Nyuma y’umwaka w’amashuri 1991/1992, mu nkubiri y’amashyaka menshi, umwaka wa munani wongeye kuvanwaho na Uwiringiyimana Agathe wayoboraga iyo Minisiteri, hasubizwaho umwaka wa gatandatu. Icyo gihe kandi uwajyaga mu mashuri yisumbuye yatangiriranaga n’ishami (Section) mu mwaka wa mbere.

Mu 1994 amashuri yaje guhagarara mu gihe cya Jenoside, asubukura mu 1995, amasomo yose yigishwa mu rurimi rw’Ikinyarwanda mu mashuri abanza, na ho mu yisumbuye biga mu Gifaransa bifashisha amashusho yamanikwaga ku bitambaro(figurines).

Mu 1995 kugera mu 1996, abanyeshuri bakoreraga ibizamini bisoza amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye ku bigo bigagaho nk’uko byari bisanzwe na mbere ariko mu 1997 batangiye kubikorera ku bigo byatoranyijwe (Centres des examens).

Impamyabumenyi zashingirwaga ku manota abanyeshuri bagize mu mwaka wa gatanu n’uwa gatandatu, hiyongereyeho ayo yabonye mu kizamini cyategurwaga n’akanama k’abarimu kashyirwagaho n’ikigo ariko na byo byaje guhinduka.

Kuva nyuma ya Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi kugeza mu 2003 ubwo u Rwanda rwari mu nzibacyuho, abayoboye iyo Minisiteri bahanganye no gusubiza abana mu mashuri nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, kubaka amashuri y’ibanze, kubona abarimu, kuvugurura integanyanyigisho n’ibindi. Icyo gihe leta yifuzaga ko hakorwa ibishoboka byose nibura abana benshi bakajya mu mashuri abanza.

Icyiciro cya kabiri cyo kuva mu 2003 kugeza mu 2010 cyahuye n’urundi rugamba, rw’imyigishirize ihangana n’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside yari itangiye kwiganza mu mashuri kugeza ubwo kiba ikibazo gihagurutsa Inteko Ishinga Amategeko.

Mu gihe Igifaransa cyabisikanaga giha umwanya Icyongereza mu mashuri, Leta yanze ko kwiga bigarukira ku mashuri atandatu abanza gusa, yongeraho andi atatu yisumbuye aribwo hirya no hino mu gihugu hubakwaga amashuri menshi y’uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka icyenda (Nine Years Basic Education), gushishikariza urubyiruko kujya mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ibindi.

Guhera mu 2010 kugeza ubu, Leta yashyize imbaraga mu burezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 12 aribwo hubakwaga amashuri menshi, kongera amashuri y’imyuga no kuyaha ubushobozi, kuvugurura Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda ikabyara Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ifite amashami mu gihugu hose, gushishikariza Kaminuza mpuzamahanga kuzana amashami yazo mu Rwanda, kuvugurura imibereho ya mwarimu hongerwa umushahara n’ibindi.

Abashinzwe uburezi ntibahwema kuvuga ko ahanini impinduka muri iyi Minisiteri, ziba zigamije kubwubaka no kubujyanisha n’igihe, nubwo hari bamwe babibona ukundi bashingiye ko hari izagize akamaro n’izikemangwa.

Bamwe bavuga ko impinduka za hato na hato muri iyo Minisiteri, imwe mu zifatiye runini igihugu, ari bimwe mu bituma ireme ry’uburezi rikomeza guhera, kuko ugiyeho wese azana agashya ke, hakagira ibihinduka mu myigire n’imyigishirize bityo ugasanga abanyeshuri bahora mu mpinduka ntacyo bagumamo ngo bakimenyere, bikaba byabagiraho ingaruka.

Gusa na none ntawakwirengagiza ko izo mpinduka zose ziba zigamije gushakira umuti ibibazo biba bihari mu burezi, kugira ngo ireme ry’uburezi rigerweho by’ukuri.

Ubwo yari mu nama mpuzamahanga yiga ku ireme ry’uburezi muri Afurika, yateraniye i Kigali ku wa 5 Nyakanga 2017, Perezida Paul Kagame yasabye abayobozi gukomeza gushyira imbaraga mu burezi no gukorera hamwe, kuko ishoramari rishyirwa mu burezi ari ryo rizagena ireme ry’uburezi buzatangwa.

Yagize ati “Kugera ku burezi twifuza bishingiye ku buryo tuzakomeza gushyira hamwe imbaraga zacu, tugakorana mu nzego zose. Gukorana bidufasha kandi kungukira mu mahirwe ahari y’inkunga zishyigikira ireme ry’uburezi.”

Ni ingingo adahwema kugarukaho kuko no mu mwiherero wa 17 w’abayobozi wabaye mu 2020, yikije cyane ku bibazo byari mu burezi, birimo za Kaminuza nyinshi ariko zitari ku rwego ndetse zidatanga umusaruro, icyo gihe yasabye ko ibibazo byose bibangamiye uburezi byashakirwa umuti mu maguru mashya.

Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Edouard Ngirente, icyo gihe na we yavuze ko ari ikibazo gikomeye kuko mu myaka 15 iri imbere ushobora “kuzashaka umuntu ugira meya cyangwa minisitiri ukamubura”.

Yavuze ko hakwiye gushyirwa imbaraga mu mashuri yigisha imyuga, za Kaminuza zisanzwe zigasigara ari nke na zo ziri ku rwego rwo hejuru zunganira ya mashuri asanzwe.

Hari ibyo kwishimira

Nubwo imyaka 30 ishize yabereye ingorabahizi abayoboye Mineduc, hari byinshi byakozwe bitarenzwa ingohe. Ni yo myaka umubare w’Abanyarwanda bageze mu ishuri wiyongereye cyane.

Nko mu mwaka wa 2000, Abanyarwanda babiri muri batanu bari bafite nibura imyaka 15 ntibari bazi gusoma no kwandika, aho umubare munini wari abagore. Gusa icyari gitangaje ni uko abatazi gusoma no kwandika bari biganje mu mijyi (46,9%) kurusha mu byaro (43,2%).

Muri bake babaga baragize amahirwe yo kujya mu ishuri, 78,8% bari abagabo mu gihe abagore bari 70,1%. Gusa muri abo bose, abari barize Kaminuza bari 0,1%.

Ikigereranyo cy’urugendo umunyeshuri yakoraga kugira ngo agere ku ishuri icyo gihe cyari ibilometero 2,5 buri munsi byatumaga benshi barivamo.

Imibare yo mu 2019 igaragaza ko Abanyarwanda 89,0% bize nk’aho muri uwo mwaka abiyandikishije mu mashuri abanza bari 2.512.465 naho mu yisumbuye ari 732.104.

Abari bazi gukoresha mudasobwa ku bari hagati y’imyaka 15-24 mu 2019 bari 15,2% mu gihe kera nta zabagaho. Ingo zitunze mudasobwa zibarirwa kuri 3%, izitunze telephone ni 70.6%. Ubu internet igera mu gihugu hose ku kigero cya 95% naho abayikoresha ni 51,6%.

Uwavuga ibyo muri Mineduc ntiyabimara, nta n’uwabona igisubizo cy’impamvu ntawe uyiragizwa ngo ayirambemo nk’uko bigenda mu zindi Minisiteri nyinshi, n’abo tuba tubona bakora neza, ubanza haba hari ibindi by’ingenzi badashyira mu buryo uko bikwiye.

Nagira ngo nkwibutse rero ko ubu Minisitiri w’Uburezi ari Nsengimana Joseph, bitavaho bigucanga ukabitiranya, dore ko abayiyoboye ari benshi nk’uko twabibonye!