Gushinja u Rwanda gushora abana mu mitwe yitwara gisirikare itavuga rumwe n’u Burundi ntibikwiye gufatwa nk’ukuri kuko leta y’u Rwanda yakunze kubinyomoza, ndetse n’iyo raporo ikaba nta makuru arambuye itanga kuri iyo mitwe ndetse n’ibikorwa abo bana n’abakuze bashowemo.
Raporo yasohowe mu mpera za Kamena 2016 na leta ya Amerika ivuga ko u Rwanda “kimwe n’ibindi bihugu icyenda ari isoko [soma isooko] y’abajyanwa mu bikorwa by’icuruzwa. U Rwanda rukaba ruri ku rwego ruri hasi ariko rukaba inzira inyuzwamo abajya gucuruzwa mu bindi bihugu ndetse ikazanwamo umubare muto w’abagore n’abana bakoreshwa imirimo y’agahato, bakanacuruzwa bishingiye ku gitsina.”
Usibye u Rwanda, ibihugu biri kuri urwo rutonde ni Birmanie, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudani zombi, Syria Yemen na Irak yongewe kuri urwo rutonde bwa mbere muri uyu mwaka, mu gihe Afghanistan yarukuweho.
Human Rights Watch ihereye ku kirego cyo gushora abana mu mitwe yitwara gisirikare yasabye Perezida Barack Obama ko yahindura imikoranire Amerika ifitanye n’ibyo bihugu. Perezida Obama yasabwe ko agomba gukora ku buryo ibyo bihugu bikoresha bimenya neza ko bigiye gutakaza inkunga ya gisirikare y’Amerika.”
Human Rights Watch yasabye Obama gutegeka guverinoma zose z’ibihugu bibona inkunga ya gisirikare y’Amerika, guhita bihagarika gukoresha abana mu mirwano. Perezida Obama akaba agomba gufata icyemezo bitarenze muri Nzeri 2016, kuri ibyo bihugu biri ku rutonde ku bireba ingengo y’imari y’umwaka wa 2017.
Ibikubiye muri iyi raporo byose uko byakabaye byamaganiwe kure na leta y’u Rwanda. Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara, Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Amerika, Mathilde Mukantabana yavuze ko iyo raporo n’ibiyikubiyemo nta shingiro na mba bifite ndetse kandi ko binahabanye n’ukuri, kuko ikorwa n’amwe mu matsinda azwi n’inyungu bizwi.
Kwibasira u Rwanda kwa Human Rights Watch si ibya none
Kuva mu myaka irenga itanu ishize, HRW yakunze gushyira ahagaragara raporo z’urudaca zishinja u Rwanda byinshi birimo gufasha umutwe wa M23 warwanyaga leta ya Congo Kinshasa, kuniga ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru ndetse n’ihohoterwa ry’abana mu kigo kizwi nko kwa Kabuga giherereye i Gikondo mu mujyi wa Kigali.
Tariki ya 22 Nyakanga 2013, Human Rights Watch, yasohoye icyegeranyo gishinja ingabo za M23 kwica, guhohotera abagore no kwinjiza abasore mu gisirikare ku ngufu; ishinja u Rwanda gutera inkunga uwo mutwe, ndetse u Rwanda rufatirwa n’ibihano.
Icyo gihe Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame abicishije kuri Twitter yavuze ko ibyo HRW itangaza ari ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa, ko ikwiye gushaka ibimenyetso nyabyo ikanenga abakwiye kunengwa mu by’ukuri nta kubogama niba ishaka kubaka.
Ihonyorwa ry’amasezarano hagati ya Human Rights Watch n’u Rwanda
Nubwo HRW yibasira u Rwanda umusubizo, ifitanye amasezerano yagiranye na leta y’u Rwanda hagamijwe kunoza ubunyamwuga mu byegeranyo byinshi irukoraho umwaka ku wundi.
Mu 2011 impande zombi zemeranije ku masezerano y’imikoranire, humvikanwa ko u Rwanda ruzajya ruhabwa umwanya wo kugira icyo ruvuga kuri ibyo byegeranyo mbere yuko bisohoka, nubwo kenshi ibi bitubahirizwa.
Mu mubonano Minisitiri w’Ubutabera Busingye Johnston yagiranye na Lewis Mudge, uhagarariye HRW muri Afurika, muri Mata 2014, yamugaragarije ko uyu muryango ukomeje kwica nkana amasezerano wagiranye n’u Rwanda bishobora gutuma ruyasesa.
Icyo gihe Busingye yagize ati “Dufitanye amasezerano, ubushakashatsi badukozeho nibatubwire, niba bavuze ko turi paradizo tubabwire tuti ‘mwakoze cyane, cyangwa tuvuge tuti aha ariko siko tubibona’[...] Si byiza ko bandika gusa, natwe dufite uburenganzira bwo kuyavugaho, ni inshingano zacu gusobanurira Abanyarwanda n’Isi ibyatuvuzweho.”
Ibyo Minisitiri Busingye yasabye HRW ntiyigeze ibyubahiriza, ahubwo irimo gusesereza u Rwanda n’ibindi bihugu ibisabira kuvanirwaho inkunga bigenerwa na Amerika mu bya gisirikare, ihereye kuri raporo u Rwanda rwamaganiye kure.
Umudipolomate wa Amerika yahishuye ko HRW igambanira u Rwanda ikanga n’ubutegetsi buriho.
Umunyamerika Richard Johnson wigeze kuba umudipolomate wa Amerika ndetse wanabaye mu Rwanda hagati y’imyaka 2008-2010, ashinja Human Rights Watch kugambanira u Rwanda irutangaho raporo zigamije kurusebya no kurwicira isura.
Mu gitabo cye yise “The Travesty of Human Rights Watch on Rwanda” cyangwa “Isesereza rya HRW ku Rwanda”, yasohoye muri 2014 yerekana ko HRW igaragara nk’iyashyigikiye ibikorwa by’imitwe igamije kugaruka mu Rwanda mu bikorwa byo guhungabanya umutekano w’igihugu; iyo ni RDR mu 2010, FDLR guhera mu 1994 na MDR mu mwaka wa 2003.
Ku bwa Johnson, ngo ko kuva Human Rights Watch yashingwa mu 1988 isa n’iyatandukiriye intego yayo yo guhirimbanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, ahubwo igasa n’iyahindutse igikoresho cya politiki.
Johnson yikoreye iperereza ku birebana n’amakuru atangazwa na HRW ku Rwanda, yagaragaje ko isa n’ihanganye cyane n’ubutegetsi buriho, ngo yihesha icyizere mu maso y’amahanga ivugira abakurikiranyweho ibyaha bya jenoside yahitanye Abatutsi barenga miliyoni muri Mata 1994.

Hanagaragaramo kandi uburyo HRW yishushanya mu ruhando rw’amahanga no mu byerekeranye n’ubutabera igaragaza ko ivugira u Rwanda kandi isa n’ivugira abarurwanya.
Umubonjyo w’iki gitabo uragira uti “Ibyo WHR ikorera u Rwanda si ubuvugizi mu by’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ni ubuvugizi mu bya politiki byabaye bibi mu ntero yabyo no ku musozo wabyo”.
Uyu mudipolomate yakomeje yerekana ko raporo na disikuru za HRW mu myaka 22 ishize ziba zibasira ishyaka rya FPR ryatsinze ubutegetsi bwakoze Jenoside. HRW ikaba ishyigikiye ko abahoze ku butegetsi banagize uruhare muri Jenoside bagira uruhare mu kugaruka muri politiki y’u Rwanda.
Mu by’ukuri kuba Johnson yaragaragaje ibyo yagezeho mu bushakashatsi bwe yemeza ko atari ukubogamira kuri Leta y’u Rwanda, ahubwo ko agamije guhindura imyitwarire ya HRW bishobotse, dore ko uyu muryango ugira uruhare mu gutuma itangazamakuru ry’i Burayi byibasira ibihugu birimo u Rwanda ku bw’inyungu zabo nkuko akomeza abivuga.
TANGA IGITEKEREZO