U Rwanda rusobanura ko kuba Abanyarwanda bamwe barisanze ku butaka bwahindutse ubwa Congo, byatumye bamwe mu Banye-Congo babigira urwitwazo rwo kubahohotera, babita abanyamahanga, barabamenesha.

Ibihugu nk’u Bubiligi bigerageza kwerekana ko u Rwanda ari rwo ruhungabanya umutekano wo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, rubinyujije mu gufasha umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23, urwanirira Abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda.

Nyamara u Rwanda rwahoze ari nunini kurusha uko rugaragara ubu, rusobanura ko u Bubiligi buri mu bihugu byateje amakimbirane ari hagati y’aba Banye-Congo bavuga indimi zitandukanye.

Perezida Paul Kagame aherutse gutangariza Jeune Afrique, ati “Ibihugu bimwe bifite uruhare muri iki kibazo, nk’Ababiligi n’Abadage bahoze ari Abakoloni, bari kudutera ubwoba bitwaje ibihano…”

Bisaba gusubira inyuma mu mateka ya kera, kugira ngo wumve ubutumwa bwa Perezida Kagame. Ibitabo n’izindi nyandiko byose byerekana uku kuri, nubwo ibihugu by’i Burayi biba bishaka kwirengagiza uwo murage mubi byasize mu karere n’ahandi.

Mu kinyejana cya 19, ibihugu by’i Burayi birimo u Bubiligi bw’Umwami Leopold II, u Budage, u Bwongereza n’u Bufaransa byohereje abantu mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bya Afurika kugira ngo babungabunge inyungu zabyo muri Afurika, by’umwihariko umutungo kamere.

Mbere y’icyo gihe, Abanyaburayi bari bamaze imyaka myinshi bagendagenda muri Afurika, bagamije kumenya neza uyu mugabane n’uko bashoboraga guhindura imipaka yawo kubera inyungu zabo kuko kuva na kera wari ukungahaye kuri ubu butunzi.

Icyakoze, haje kuba umwiryane hagati y’ibi bihugu, kuko nk’u Bufaransa ntibwumvaga impamvu u Bwongereza bwakwiharira ibice byinshi mu Burengerazuba bwa Afurika, n’impamvu Umwami Leopold II yikubiye igice kinini cya Afurika yo Hagati.

Kugeza mu 1880, ibihugu by’i Burayi byagenzuraga 10% by’ubutaka bwo ku mugabane wa Afurika, aho buri gice cy’ubutaka cyari gihuriye ku bwoko bumwe bw’abaturage, Umwami cyangwa se Umwami w’Abami. Icyo gihe Abanyafurika bari bunze ubumwe.

Kugira ngo umwiryane udakomeza hagati y’ibihugu by’i Burayi, byumvikanye ko bizahurira mu nama i Berlin mu Budage. Ni inama yateguwe na Chancelier w’u Budage, Otto Von Bismarck, itangira tariki ya 15 Ugushyingo 1884, irangira tariki ya 26 Gashyantare 1885.

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zatumiwe mu nama ya Berlin, Zanzibar yayoborwaga n’Aba-Sultan isaba kuyitabira ariko u Burayi burabyanga. Byashimangiraga ko nta nyungu uyu mugabane wateganyirizwaga n’Abanyaburayi kuko nta gihugu na kimwe cya Afurika cyatumiwe muri iyi nama.

Muri iyi nama, ibihugu nk’u Bubiligi byagaragaje gushyira imbere inyungu zabyo, kuko Umwami Leopold II yohereje i Berlin intumwa zumvisha Abanyaburayi ko bakwiye gushyigikira umuryango ‘International Congo Society’ yashyizeho kugira ngo ubungabunge inyungu yari afite muri ‘Congo Free State’.

Nyuma y’amezi atatu i Berlin haba iyi nama, abadipolomate bari bahagariye ibihugu by’i Burayi bagiranye amasezerano rusange yahaga ishingiro igitekerezo cy’ikatwa ry’imipaka ya Afurika.

Amerika yo yanze gusinya aya masezerano bitewe ahanini n’uko Abanyamerika bari baratangiye inkundura yo kurwanya politiki ya ba mpatsibihugu.

Umwami Leopold II kandi yemerewe kugenzura byemewe n’amategeko ‘Congo Free State’ yahindutse Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, nk’umutungo we bwite kugira ngo awukoreremo ibikorwa by’ubutabazi, nyamara si ko byari biri kuko yahasahuye byinshi, ibihumbi bya benshi bakoreshwaga imirimo y’agahato barahapfira.

Mu nama zakurikiyeho, abahagarariye ibihugu by’i Burayi bakomeje kuganira ku buryo amasezerano ya Berlin azashyirwa mu bikorwa, ndetse ni na zo zashimangiriwemo imipaka mishya y’ibihugu bya Afurika.

Mu 1914, ibihugu by’i Burayi byagenzuraga 90% by’ubutaka bwa Afurika. Havuyemo ubwa Liberia yagenzurwaga na Amerika muri icyo gihe, na Ethiopia yahanganye n’Abataliyani bashakaga kuyokoloniza kugeza ibatsinze.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 1897, u Budage ni bwo bwakolonizaga u Rwanda, u Burundi na Tanzania. Mu 1916, u Bubiligi ni bwo bwafashe u Rwanda n’u Burundi, mu gihe u Budage bwari bukomeje gutsindwa intambara y’Isi. Congo na yo yakomeje kuba iy’Umwami Leopold II.

Abakoloni basenye ubumwe bw’Abanyafurika kuko ntibitaye ko babaga hamwe bahujwe n’umuco, ururimi ndetse n’ubwoko. Inzobere mu mateka zigaragaza ko iyi ari yo ntandaro yo kudahuza kw’Abanyafurika kugeza aya magingo.

Mwalimu Julius Nyerere wayoboye Tanzania, yigeze kuvuga ko ibihugu bya Afurika biriho ubu ari ibyaremwe n’Abanyaburayi, bityo ko ari yo mpamvu kubaka iterambere rirambye ry’uyu mugabane bigoye.

Yagize ati “Dufite ibihugu ibihugu byaremewe mu nama ya Berlin mu 1884 kandi uyu munsi turi kugorwa no kubyubaka kugira ngo bibe ibya sosiyete-muntu ihamye…Inama ya Berlin yasenye Afurika mu buryo burenze bumwe.”

Umushakashatsi Jack Paine wigisha politiki muri Kaminuza ya Emory muri Amerika, yabwiye Al Jazeera ko ubukoloni bwagennye ahazaza h’umugabane wa Afurika, harangwa n’ingaruka zigaragara muri politiki y’ibihugu byawo muri iki gihe.

U Rwanda rwa mbere y'ubukoloni ni uku rwari rumeze

Ikarita y'u Rwanda y'ubu ntigaragaraho icyahoze ari Tongo, Buhunde, Gisigali, Bufumbira n'ahandi