Ni icyemezo cyavanyeho icyafashwe mu 1973 kizwi nka "Roe v. Wade", cyemeje ko za Leta zitagomba kubuza gukuramo inda "igihe hagamijwe kurengera ubuzima bw’umubyeyi".

Gishimangirwa mu cyemezo cyiswe "Doe v. Bolton", ko "icyemezo cya muganga gishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa hitawe ku ngingo zose - ubuzima, imitekerereze, umuryango n’imyaka y’umugore - bijyanye n’imibereho myiza y’umurwayi."

Ibyo byatumye abagore bamwe muri Amerika bahitamo gukuramo inda mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, kubera ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Iki cyemezo gifashwe nyuma y’ukwezi kumwe hagiye hanze amakuru y’uko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rushobora gukuraho icyemezo cyatangaga rugari ku gukuramo inda.

Mu cyemezo cya nyuma cy’urukiko, Umucamanza Samuel Alito avuga ko icyemezo cyatanze uburenganzira busesuye bwo gukuramo inda kitari kinyuze mu mucyo ubwo cyafatwaga, ku buryo gikwiye gukurwaho.

Icyemezo cya Alito cyanashyigikiwe n’abacamanza Clarence Thomas, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh na Amy Coney Barrett. Abo ba nyuma ni abacamanza bashyizweho na Perezida Donald Trump.

Kugeza ubu Leta 13 zo muri Amerika zifite itegeko rikumira gukuramo inda. Birashoboka ko inyinshi zishobora gushyiraho amategeko abuza gukuramo inda.

Ubwo byatangiraga kuvugwa ko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rushobora kubuza uburenganzira bwo gukuramo inda, byateje imyigaragambyo ikomeye hagati y’ababishyigikiye n’ababirwanya.

Mu nyandiko yiswe "Opinion of the Court", umucamanza yavugaga ko "igihe kigeze ngo hasuzumwe ibiteganywa n’Itegeko Nshinga maze dusubize ikibazo cyo gukuramo inda ku batowe n’abaturage ngo babahagararire."

Abashyigikiye ubu burenganzira bamwe babaga batera hejuru bati "umubiri wanjye, amahitamo yanjye."

Ikibazo cyo gukuramo inda kimaze iminsi kigibwaho impaka, ibyafashwe na bamwe nko kwibasira uburenganzira bw’imyororokere bw’abagore.

Mu Ukuboza muri Leta ya Mississippi habaye impaka ku mushinga w’itegeko riteganya kubuza gukuramo inda irengeje ibyumweru 15. Itegeko nk’iryo kandi ryemejwe muri Florida.

Ni amategeko asiga irengayobora ko gukuramo inda bishoboka iyo ari ugutabara ubuzima bw’umubyeyi cyangwa kwirinda izindi ngaruka igihe urusoro rwiremye nabi.

Nibura amategeko akumira gukuramo inda amaze gushyirwaho muri Leta 31 muri 50 zigize Amerika. Byiganje muri Leta ziyobowe n’Aba-Républicains.

Ibarura ryabaye mu 2017 ry’Ikigo Guttmacher Institute rigaragaza ko Leta zakuyemo inda cyane harimo California (15.4 ku ijana), New York State (12.2 ku ijana), naho ku mwanya wa gatatu hari Florida (8.2 ku ijana).

Izo ni Leta eshatu muri enye zituwe cyane kurusha izindi muri Amerika, hamwe na Texas.

Ingingo yo gukuramo inda yakomeje kutavugwaho rumwe muri Amerika