Impamvu ibi biganiro bigomba gukomeza, nk’uko babisobanuye mu mwanzuro bafashe, ni uko ari byo byakemura amakimbirane yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, bihereye mu mizi, cyane ko ari byo byahuzaga Abanye-Congo bafite aho bahuriye n’izi ntambara barimo abahagarariye imitwe yitwaje intwaro na sosiyete sivile.

Ibiganiro bya Nairobi byatangiye muri Mata 2022 hashingiwe ku mwanzuro w’abakuru b’ibihugu byo muri uyu muryango. Byabaye kugeza mu Ukuboza k’uwo mwaka, umuhuza wabyo, Uhuru Kenyatta, yanzura ko bizongera kuba vuba ariko byabaye nka wa muti wa Mperezayo.

Ibi biganiro byapfuye bigitangira, ubwo umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23 wabaye imbarutso yabyo wirukanwaga na Serge Tshibangu wari Intumwa Yihariye ya Perezida Felix Tshisekedi. Icyo gihe yawushinje gusubukura imirwano, gusa wo wagaragaje ko ari urwitwazo rw’ubutegetsi butifuzaga kongera guhurira na wo i Nairobi.

Mu gihe ibiganiro bya Nairobi byari bikomeje, imitwe yitwaje intwaro yose n’Ingabo za RDC byasabwaga guhagarika imirwano. Kwirukana M23 byasubije inyuma iyi ntambwe, kuko ni bwo yatangiye urugamba nyirizina, ifata ibice byinshi byo mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru mu gihe gito.

RDC yikanze ko ibiganiro byinjiriwe

Ubwo ibiganiro bya Nairobi byatangiraga, umubano wa RDC n’u Rwanda wari warazambye kuko iki gihugu kirushinja gufasha M23, na rwo rukabihakana rusobanura ko rwubaha ubusugire bw’ibindi bihugu nk’uko rwifuza ko ubwarwo bwubahwa.

Mu gihe byari birimbanije, Tshibangu na bagenzi be bari bahagarariye Leta ya RDC bagaragaje ko batizeye ababiteguye, babashinja kwinjiza mu cyumba barimo ibikoresho bisemura indimi byoturutse mu Rwanda.

Tshibangu yagaragaje ko ibi bikoresho bishobora gufasha u Rwanda kuneka ibi biganiro, ikamenya ibivugirwamo. We na bagenzi be bakoze igisa n’imyigaragambyo, basaba ko bikurwa mu cyumba cy’ibiganiro.

Icyo bifuzaga ni uko Leta ya RDC yagombaga kohereza i Nairobi ibikoresho bisemura byayo mbere y’uko ibiganiro bikomeza. Byarumvikanaga ko indege yari kubikura i Kinshasa. Ni igikorwa cyashoboraga gutwara amasaha arenga atatu.

Insimburamubyizi yateje umwiryane

Ubwo ibiganiro bya Nairobi byagombaga gukomezaga mu ntangiriro z’Ukuboza 2022, ababyitabiriye babanje kujya inama, bafata umwanzuro wo kutabyitabira bitewe n’uko batari bahawe insimburamubyizi bari basezeranyijwe, nyamara hari bagenzi babo bari bayihawe.

Umuhuza, Kenyatta, yagaragaje ko yamenye ko nubwo hari abo Tshibangu atahaye insimburamubyizi, hari abandi yari yahaye amadolari ya Amerika 300.

Yagize ati “Abateguye ibi biganiro tuzi ko dufite amafaranga ahagije kubera ko nanjye ndi mu bantu bayashatse. Ntabwo ari ayabo, ni ayo gufasha mu kugarura amahoro mu Banye-Congo.”

Uyu muhuza yasabye abahagarariye Leta ya RDC gutanga aya mafaranga, abateguza ko nibatabikora, azasaba amahanga yayatanze kudatanga andi, ayasobanurire ko nta bushake buhari bwo kugarura amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Ingabo za EAC zirukanwe muri RDC

Ibiganiro byo mu Ukuboza 2022 byafatiwemo imyanzuro icyenda irimo gufungura imfungwa z’intambara zitahamijwe ibyaha by’ubwicanyi, kuba abaturiye ibirombe by’amabuye y’agaciro bagomba kubigiramo inyungu, ko imirwano ihagarara, abarwanyi bagasubizwa mu buzima busanzwe.

Abahagarariye Leta ya RDC n’abarebwa n’ikibazo cy’umutekano muri iki gihugu banzuye ko muri Mutarama 2023, bazahurira mu mujyi wa Goma na Bunia kugira ngo barebere hamwe uko iyi myanzuro ishyirwa mu bikorwa ariko ntibongeye guhura.

Mu Ukuboza 2022 ni na bwo ingabo z’ibihugu byo muri EAC zageze muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru muri gahunda yo kujya hagati y’impande zishyamiranye mu gihe ibiganiro byagombaga gukomeza, hanarebwa uko M23 itakomeza guhezwa kandi ifite ijambo rikomeye ku mutekano w’iyi ntara.

Ibihugu byohereje ingabo mu butumwa bw’uyu muryango ni Kenya, Uganda, u Burundi na Sudani y’Epfo, Tanzania isobanura ko itakoherezayo izindi mu gihe ifite iziri mu butumwa bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye. Ku Rwanda, Leta ya RDC yanze ko rwoherezayo izarwo.

Mu mezi atandatu ya mbere, Perezida Tshisekedi yatangiye kunenga umusaruro w’ingabo za EAC, bitewe ahanini n’uko zanze mu buryo buziguye ubusabe bwe bwo kurwanya umutwe wa M23. Yari akomeje kwinangira mu gihe yasabwaga kuganira n’uyu mutwe yita uw’iterabwoba.

Mu Ukuboza 2023, Tshisekedi yirukanye ingabo za EAC, yinjiza iz’umuryango wa Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) yizeraga ko zo zizarwanya M23, zikanayitsinda. Ni icyemezo cyakuruye umwuka mubi hagati y’imiryango yombi, cyanateje urujijo ku hazaza h’ibiganiro bya Nairobi.

Umubano wa Tshisekedi na Ruto wajemo igitotsi

Kenya nk’igihugu cyakiraga ibiganiro bya Nairobi kuva mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Uhuru Kenyatta yari yitezweho umusanzu ukomeye wafasha uburasirazuba bwa RDC kongera kubona amahoro. Ibi byashimangiwe no kuba ari yo yafashe iya mbere, ikohereza ingabo zayo mu butumwa bwa EAC muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Byagaragaye ko umwuka atari mwiza hagati ya Kenya na RDC ubwo Leta ya RDC yoherezaga abacancuro kugira ngo baneke urugo Umunyakenya wayoboraga ingabo za EAC, Gen Maj Jeff Nyagah, yari acumbitsemo i Goma.

Ubu bushotoranyi bwifashishije ‘drones’, n’utwumva dufata amajwi bwatumye Gen Maj Nyagah afata icyemezo cyo kwegura kuri iyi nshingano tariki ya 27 Mata 2023, asimburwa na Gen Maj Alphaxard Muthuri Kiugu.

Muri Nyakanga 2024, Perezida Tshisekedi yagaragaje byeruye ko afitanye amakimbirane na Perezida William Ruto wa Kenya, atangaza ko ibiganiro bya Nairobi byapfuye bitewe n’uko ngo mugenzi we ashyigikiye u Rwanda.

Yagize ati “Hari gahunda ebyiri [zo gukemura ikibazo cya RDC] zirimo iya EAC iyibowe na Uhuru Kenyatta wayoboye Kenya, yaje gufatwa nabi na William Ruto wamusimbuye. Iyi gahunda yarapfuye kubera ko Perezida Ruto ashyigikiye u Rwanda.”

Tariki ya 7 Kamena 2024, Tshisekedi yanze kwitabira inama y’abakuru b’ibihugu ya EAC yabaye hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Byamenyekanye ko yivumburiraga kuba Perezida Ruto yari aherutse gutangariza mu Rwanda ko abarwanyi ba M23 ari Abanye-Congo.

Mu gihe ibiganiro bya Nairobi byahagaze, hategerejwe ikizava mu bindi biganiro bibera i Luanda. Byo bihuza RDC, u Rwanda na Angola nk’umuhuza, bikaba bifite intego yo gukemura ikibazo cyo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC n’akarere k’ibiyaga bigari muri rusange.

Uhuru Kenyatta yanenze intumwa za Leta ya RDC zari zimye abitabiriye ibi biganiro insimburamubyizi

Ibiganiro bya Nairobi biheruka mu Ukuboza 2022, imyanzuro yafatiwemo na yo ntiyubahirijwe

Perezida Tshisekedi yatangaje ko ibiganiro bya Nairobi byahagaze bitewe na Ruto