Umubano w’u Rwanda na RDC wazambye bushya mu ntangiriro za 2022. Icyo gihe ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi bwashinje u Rwanda gufasha umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23 urwanira mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, wari umaze amezi make wubuye imirwano.

Mu kiganiro na Mvemba Dizolele wo mu kigo CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko u Rwanda rutigeze rufasha M23, n’ikimenyimenyi ko abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe bayobowe na Gen Sultani Makenga bataturutse mu Rwanda.

Yasobanuye ko u Rwanda na RDC bihuriye ku mateka menshi, yaba meza cyangwa mabi, bityo ko byakabaye biba inshuti.

Ati “Amateka aguha icyo wahitamo kikuremera ubucuti cyangwa se kikabusenya. Bisaba guhitamo gusa.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko mu gihe cy’ubukoloni bw’u Bubiligi, ingabo za RwandaUrundi zakoranaga n’iza Congo, kandi ko iki gihugu cy’abaturanyi cyakiriye impunzi z’Abanyarwanda mu 1959 ubwo hatangiraga urugomo rwibasira Abatutsi, agaragaza ko iyi ari impamvu yashoboraga gutuma bibana neza.

Yavuze ko umwuka mubi hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda watutumbye ubwo Mobutu Sese Seko yoherezaga ingabo zari ziyobowe na Colonel Donatien Mahele Lieko Bokungu, kugira ngo zifashe Leta yateguye Jenoside gusubiza inyuma ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi.

Ati “Amakimbirane dufitanye uyu munsi ni aho yatangiriye. Mu Ukwakira kose twarwanaga n’ingabo za Congo mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu. Bishoboke ko Mobutu yifatanyije n’ingabo zateguye Jenoside bitewe n’umubano yari afitanye n’ubutegetsi bwa hano. Icyo gihe Leta ya Congo yigaragaje byeruye ko ishyigikiye Leta yateguye Jenoside.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yibukije ko ubwo ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi zari zimaze kubohora u Rwanda, abo muri Leta yateguye Jenoside bahungiye muri Congo, Mobutu arabakira, abatuza mu bilometero bike uvuye ku mupaka w’u Rwanda, batangira kugaba ibitero mu Rwanda byibasira Abatutsi, ari na ko bica Abatutsi bo mu bwoko bw’Abanye-Congo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Yasobanuye ko abarwanyi b’umutwe wa M23 bafashe intwaro kugira ngo basubize Abanye-Congo bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi uburenganzira bambuwe, cyane cyane ubwo gusubizwa igihugu bahunze bitewe n’urugomo bakorewe n’Abanyarwanda bahoze muri Leta yateguye Jenoside.

Leta yakoze ikosa rikomeye

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe, ashingiye ku mateka, yagaragaje ko ikosa rikomeye ubutegetsi bwa RDC bwakoze kuva ku bwa Mobutu kugeza ku bwa Félix Tshisekedi, ari uguhitamo politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda, cyane cyane Abatutsi.

Yagize ati “RDC yakoze ikosa rimwe rikomeye, cyane cyane ubuyobozi butandukanye bwayo nyuma ya 1994, 1996. Bwahisemo politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda, cyane cyane Abatutsi, buyifashisha kugira ngo bwemerwe n’Abanye-Congo. Bwahisemo kugaragaza ko buri kimwe, kunanirwa kwabo n’ibibazo byabo biterwa n’u Rwanda.”

Yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rwari rufite impamvu yo kugaragaza ko RDC ari yo ntandaro y’ibibazo byose nk’uko na yo ibirushinja, ariko ko rwabyihoreye, ruhitamo kubana n’iki gihugu mu mahoro, ahamya ko nta Munye-Congo wagirirwa nabi n’Abanyarwanda.

Ati “Twebwe umurongo twahisemo ni uko dukeneye Abanye-Congo, turindira umutekano buri wese. Abanye-Congo baza hano mu Rwanda banyuze ku mupaka. Ugenzuye muri hoteli zose i Kigali, wasanga huzuyemo Abanye-Congo bava hano, bajya i Dubai, bava mu bihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba. Nta muntu ubakoraho, bahabwa ubufasha bwose, cyane cyane umutekano.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yagaragaje ko ubutegetsi bwa RDC bukwiye guhagarika politiki yo kwanga u Rwanda n’Abatutsi, bukumva ko kubana mu mahoro n’ibihugu by’abaturanyi ari ngombwa kandi ko bigirira inyungu buri wese.

Umubano w'ibihugu byombi wazambye biturutse ku bufasha Mobutu yahaye Leta yateguye jenoside

U Rwanda rwashyigikiye ko M23 isenyuka

M23 irwana ubu yigeze kubaho kuva mu 2012 kugeza mu 2013 ubwo yasenywaga n’umutwe kabuhariwe w’ingabo ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, FIB, ku bufatanye n’iza RDC.

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko mu biganiro byabanjirije ibikorwa byo gusenya M23, u Rwanda rwashyigikiye ko uyu mutwe usenywa, runasaba ko nyuma y’ibyo hazakurikiraho gusenya FDLR; umutwe washinzwe n’abahoze muri Leta yateguye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Yagize ati “Hafashwe icyemezo cy’uko M23 na FDLR bisenywa n’ingabo za Loni zitwaga FIB zari zigizwe n’Abanya-Malawi, Tanzania na Afurika y’Epfo. U Rwanda twarabishyigikiye, dusaba ko FIB nimara gusenya M23, izakurikizaho FDLR. Ni ko byari byarateganyijwe. Gusenya FDLR nyuma ya M23 ni cyo twari dutegereje.”

Yibukije ko ubwo M23 yasenyukaga, bamwe mu bari bayigize bayobowe na Gen Makenga bahungiye muri Uganda, abandi bari bayobowe na Gen Bosco Ntaganda bahungira mu Rwanda.

Ati “Twabwiye Bosco Ntaganda ko tutamwakira mu Rwanda kubera ko yashakishwaga na ICC. Ashingiye kuri ibyo, yahisemo kwishyikiriza Ambasade ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yoherezwa i La Haye anyuze i Kanombe.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko abandi barwanyi ba M23 bahungiye mu Rwanda bajyanywe mu nkambi mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu, bamburwa intwaro bari bafite, zishyikirizwa Leta ya RDC binyuze muri misiyo y’amahoro ya Loni muri RDC (MONUSCO).

U Rwanda rwashyigikiye ko M23 isenywa mu 2013, hagakurikiraho FDLR ariko ntibyabaye

Tshisekedi yatengushye u Rwanda

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yasobanuye ko mbere ubwo Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi, Perezida Kagame yari Umuyobozi Mukuru w’umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, kandi ko yafashije Tshisekedi kumenyekana ku ruhando rw’amahanga.

Yagize ati “Ubwo Perezida Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi, Perezida Kagame yari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe. Yari mu mwanya mwiza wo gufasha Tshisekedi kandi yaramufashije rwose. Yaramufashije, amuha ubufasha bwose, ubwo yitabiraga umuhango wo gushyingura se [Etienne Tshisekedi) cyari ikimenyetso cyiza ariko yanamufashije ku rwego mpuzamahanga.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yakomeje ati “Kubera ko Tshisekedi nk’umuntu mushya nta wari umuzi, haba mu Burengerazuba, imiryango mpuzamahanga, nk’umuturanyi wo hafi, yamumenyekanishije hose.”

Yahishuye ko tariki ya 19 Ukwakira 2019, Tshisekedi yohereje intumwa ze i Kigali, zigirana n’abarwanyi ba M23 amasezerano yo kubacyura, ariko ngo Leta ya RDC yananiwe gushyira mu bikorwa aya masezerano, isobanurira u Rwanda ko idafite amafaranga.

Muri icyo gihe kandi, abarwanyi ba M23 bahungiye muri Uganda na bo bohererejwe intumwa za Leta ya RDC, baganira ku buryo zataha, ndetse ababahagarariye bagiye i Kinshasa kugira ngo bakomeze ibiganiro, ariko bamara amezi bategererejeyo uwabakira, baramubura kugeza ubwo basubiye muri Uganda, bavayo basubira mu mashyamba ya RDC.

Nk’uko yabisobanuye, ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi bwari bwarateye imbere kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2022, ubwo wa mubano wari mwiza wazambye bitewe n’impamvu ahamya ko atazi aho zaturutse.

Ati “Ntabwo tuzi aho ibibazo byaturutse, bisubiza inyuma buri kimwe. U Rwanda ntirwagize uruhare mu gutangiza aya makimbirane na RDC. Icyo abantu batazi ni uko u Rwanda rwari rutegereje kungukira mu mwuka w’amahoro hagati yacu na RDC. Ubucuruzi, gushyikirana kw’abaturage birazamuka iyo hari amahoro.”

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yibukije ko ubwo Tshisekedi yashyiraga mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Ituri mu bihe bidasanzwe, yazihaye abayobozi bo ku rwego rwa gisirikare, agaragaza ko ashaka kurandura imitwe irimo FDLR.

Gusa ngo byagaragaye ko gahunda ya Tshisekedi yo gusenya iyi mitwe irimo ikibazo, ubwo yoherezaga muri izi ntara abofisiye bo mu gihe cya Mobutu, bamunzwe n’urwango bafitiye u Rwanda, bashoboraga guha FDLR ubufasha bwo kurutera.

Muri bo harimo Lt Gen Constant Ndima wari ushinzwe umutekano bwite wa Col Mahele wari uyoboye ingabo zarwanyije RPA Inkotanyi.

Yasobanuye ko za mpungenge z’u Rwanda ku bufatanye bw’aba bofisiye na FDLR zaje kuba impamo, kuko uyu mutwe ushyigikiwe muri RDC wagabye ibitero mu Majyaruguru y’u Rwanda muri Werurwe, Gicurasi na Kamena 2022, icyakoze mu rwego gukumira ko ibindi bikorwa biruhungabanya byasubira, ku mupaka hashyizweho ingamba z’ubwirinzi.

Ikibazo cyakemuka bidasabye umuhuza

Mu gihe umubano wa RDC n’u Rwanda wazambye, imipaka yose ihuza ibi bihugu iracyafunguye, Ambasade z’ibi bihugu i Kinshasa n’i Kigali ntizafunzwe. Icyahagaze ni ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu guteza imbere ubukungu.

Gen (Rtd) Kabarebe yashimangiye umupaka uhuza u Rwanda na RDC i Rubavu ari uwa kabiri wakira abantu benshi ku Isi inyuma y’uwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Mexique, kandi ko abo mu nzego zishinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka ku mpande zombi bakorana umunsi ku wundi.

Yabajijwe niba ibiganiro biyobowe n’umuhuza bidashobora gukemura amakimbirane y’u Rwanda na RDC, asubiza ati “Ntekereza ko iki kibazo cyanakemurwa bidasabye uruhande rwa gatatu kuko na mbere cyari cyarakemutse bidasabye uruhande rwa gatatu.”

Kuva mu 2022, Angola iyobora ibiganiro bihuza intumwa z’u Rwanda n’iza RDC, hagamijwe gushakira hamwe umuti w’aya makimbirane. Mu ngingo nkuru ziganirwaho harimo guhagarika imirwano hagati y’impande zishyakiranye no gusenya FDLR.

Gen (rtd) Kabarebe yavuze ko u Rwanda rwifuza umubano mwiza na RDC